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Cabletron Systems 100BASE-FX Cabling Manual

Manual is about: Enterasys 100BASE-FX Transceivers: User Guide

Summary of 100BASE-FX

  • Page 1

    Cabletron systems cabling guide.

  • Page 3: Notice

    I notice notice cabletron systems reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult cabletron systems to determine whether any such changes have been made. The hardware, firmware, or soft...

  • Page 4

    Notice ii.

  • Page 5: Contents

    Iii chapter 1 introduction using this guide ......................................................................................................................... 1-1 document organization ...............................................................................................................

  • Page 6

    Iv chapter 5 ethernet network requirements 10base-t ......................................................................................................................................5-1 cable type ......................................................................................................

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    V 10base-f (multimode)............................................................................................................... 6-4 cable type ............................................................................................................................. 6-4 attenuation.............

  • Page 8

    Vi chapter 8 full-duplex fast ethernet network requirements 100base-tx..................................................................................................................................8-1 cable type ........................................................................................

  • Page 9

    Vii ieee 802.5j (multimode fiber optics) .................................................................................... 10-8 cable type ........................................................................................................................... 10-8 attenuation.....................

  • Page 10

    Viii chapter 13 cabling devices hardware mounting..................................................................................................................13-2 relay rack ............................................................................................................................

  • Page 11: Chapter 1

    1-1 chapter 1 introduction using this guide the cabletron systems cabling guide is intended to provide much of the information necessary to allow network managers to plan facility network cabling and to ensure that the cabling is usable by the networking devices that will populate the cabling. This ...

  • Page 12

    Introduction 1-2 document organization the following summarizes the organization of this manual: chapter 1, introduction , discusses the use and contents of this guide. Chapter 2, cabling terms , defines and explains some of the terminology used throughout this document to describe aspects and compo...

  • Page 13: Document Conventions

    Document conventions 1-3 introduction appendix a, charts and tables , provides the information contained in the network requirements chapters of this document in a simplified table form. Tables of test requirements and acceptable levels are provided for all media discussed in this document. Followin...

  • Page 14: Additional Assistance

    Introduction 1-4 additional assistance additional assistance the planning and installation of facility cabling for network operation is a complex and highly specialized process. Due to the different nature of each and every cabling installation and the special problems and concerns raised by any fac...

  • Page 15: Chapter 2

    2-1 chapter 2 cabling terms this chapter identifies and defines several terms that are used throughout the text of this manual. Physical components the following terms and definitions deal with the physical makeup of cabling used in local area networks. Media media refers to a type or family of cabl...

  • Page 16

    Cabling terms 2-2 physical components jumper cabling jumper cabling is a term that identifies short, inexpensive cables that are used to make connections between nearby cabling devices. Typically, workstations and network devices are connected to the facility cabling of a site with jumper cables. Ru...

  • Page 17

    Physical components 2-3 cabling terms strand a strand is a metal or glass (in the case of fiber optics) transmission media that is typically surrounded by an insulator. Strands in metallic cables may be made up of either solid lengths of relatively thick wire (solid core) or a bundle of much thinner...

  • Page 18

    Cabling terms 2-4 physical components housing (shell) the basis of the connector is its housing. A housing is the metal or plastic parts that make up the shape of the connector and determine its characteristics and what ports or other connectors it may be attached to. The purpose of the housing is t...

  • Page 19

    Physical components 2-5 cabling terms gender the gender of a connector refers to the organization of the pins, contacts, or channels of the connector. Connectors may be identified as male, female, hermaphroditic, or genderless. The most common types of connectors in networking are male and female. A...

  • Page 20: Test Characteristics

    Cabling terms 2-6 test characteristics port a port is a set of pins or channels on a networking or cabling device that are arranged to accept a connector. Ports are constructed much like connectors, and will only accept the connector type they are specifically designed for. Ports may be keyed, gende...

  • Page 21

    Test characteristics 2-7 cabling terms delay the term delay, when applied to network cabling, typically refers to the propagation delay of the segment or network. As signals in both electrically conductive cables and fiber optic cables travel through the transmission media at a fraction of the speed...

  • Page 22

    Cabling terms 2-8 test characteristics.

  • Page 23: Chapter 3

    3-1 chapter 3 relevant specifications this chapter presents and examines a number of networking specifications and how they are related to planning and installing network cabling. Just as there are specifications that deal with the tested aspects of installed cabling and their fitness for use with a...

  • Page 24

    Relevant specifications 3-2 universal service order code (usoc) the installation procedures of the eia/tia help to ensure that care is taken to avoid cabling situations that are possibly hazardous or which can result in degradation of the operating quality of the installed cable. The eia/tia 568 spe...

  • Page 25: Chapter 4

    4-1 chapter 4 ethernet media this chapter examines the physical characteristics and requirements of both physical cabling and the connectors and ports used with the cabling in ethernet , full-duplex ethernet, and fast ethernet environments. Cabling types attachment unit interface (aui) attachment un...

  • Page 26

    Ethernet media 4-2 cabling types figure 4-1. Aui cable configurations the reason for the configuration of aui cables as male to female only is due to their intended use. Aui cables are designed to attach transceivers to workstations or other active network equipment. Transceivers require power to op...

  • Page 27

    Cabling types 4-3 ethernet media office office aui cable is a thinner cable that is more convenient to use on many environments than standard aui. This lighter-gauge aui cable is made up of four pairs of awg 28 wire, which is thinner (at 0.26 inch) and much more easily flexed, but can only be run to...

  • Page 28

    Ethernet media 4-4 cabling types thick coaxial cable is a media used exclusively in ethernet installations, commonly as a backbone media. Transceivers are connected to the cable at specified distances from one another, and standard transceiver cables connect these transceivers to the network devices...

  • Page 29

    Cabling types 4-5 ethernet media building network coax (bnc) connectors crimp onto a properly prepared cable end with a crimping tool. To prevent signal reflection on the cable, 50 ohm terminators are used on unconnected cable ends. As with thick coaxial cable, thin coaxial cable allows multiple dev...

  • Page 30

    Ethernet media 4-6 cabling types both the original and the inverted signal are then transmitted, the original signal over the tx+ wire, the inverted signal over the tx - wire. As these wires are the same length and of the same construction, the signal travels (propagates) at the same rate through th...

  • Page 31

    Cabling types 4-7 ethernet media the association of pairs of wire within the utp cable jacket are decided by the specifications to which the cable is built. There are two main specifications in use around the world for the production of utp cabling: eia/tia 568a and the eia/tia 568b. The two wiring ...

  • Page 32

    Ethernet media 4-8 cabling types twenty-five pair cable utp cabling in large installations requiring several cable runs between two points is often 25-pair cable. This is a heavier, thicker form of utp. The wires within the plastic jacket are of the same construction, and are twisted around associat...

  • Page 33

    Cabling types 4-9 ethernet media as with four-pair cable, the wires within a 25-pair cable are identified by color. The jacket of each wire in a 25-pair cable has an overall color: violet, green, brown, blue, red, orange, yellow, gray, black, and white. In a 25-pair utp cable all wires in the cable ...

  • Page 34

    Ethernet media 4-10 cabling types 4 rx + red/orange 32 a13 b13 rx - orange/red 7 a14 b14 tx + red/green 33 a15 b15 tx - green/red 8 a16 b16 5 rx + red/brown 34 a17 b17 rx - brown/red 9 a18 b18 tx + red/gray 35 a19 b19 tx - gray/red 10 a20 b20 6 rx + black/blue 36 a21 b21 rx - blue/black 11 a22 b22 t...

  • Page 35

    Cabling types 4-11 ethernet media 10 rx + yellow/brown 44 a37 b37 rx - brown/yellow 19 a38 b38 tx + yellow/gray 45 a39 b39 tx - gray/yellow 20 a40 b40 11 rx + violet/blue 46 a41 b41 rx - blue/violet 21 a42 b42 tx + violet/orange 47 a43 b43 tx - orange/violet 22 a44 b44 12 rx + violet/green 48 a45 b4...

  • Page 36

    Ethernet media 4-12 cabling types crossovers the 10base-t and 100base-tx specifications require that some utp connections be crossed over. Crossing over is the reversal of the transmit and receive pairs at opposite ends of a single cable. Each cable that swaps the location of the transmit and receiv...

  • Page 37

    Cabling types 4-13 ethernet media utp cable quality utp cabling is produced in a number of overall quality levels, called categories. The requirements of networking limit utp cabling for ethernet to categories 3, 4, and 5. Any of these cable categories can be used in an ethernet installation, provid...

  • Page 38

    Ethernet media 4-14 cabling types category 5 utp consists of 2 or more pairs of 22 or 24 awg wire. Category 5 cable is constructed and insulated such that the maximum attenuation of a 10 mhz signal in a cable run at the control temperature of 20 ° c is 65 db/km. A cable that has a maximum attenuatio...

  • Page 39

    Cabling types 4-15 ethernet media fiber optics of both types are measured and identified by a variety of means. The usual means of referring to a fiber optic cable type is to identify if it is single mode or multimode, and to describe the thickness of each strand. Fiber optics are very thin, and the...

  • Page 40

    Ethernet media 4-16 cabling types single mode single mode fiber optics are designed specifically to allow the transmission of a very narrow range of wavelengths within the core of the fiber. As the precise wavelength control required to accomplish this is performed using lasers, which direct a singl...

  • Page 41: Connector Types

    Connector types 4-17 ethernet media connector types aui aui cabling is always connected with db15 ports and connectors. The use of any other type of connector for aui cable is a violation of the ieee 802.3 specification and is considered nonstandard. Db15 the db15 connector (male or female) provides...

  • Page 42

    Ethernet media 4-18 connector types table 4-3. Aui pinouts aui connector pin wire function 1 logic ref 2 collision + 3 transmit + 4 logic ref 5 receive + 6 power return 7 no connection 8 logic ref 9 collision - 10 transmit - 11 logic ref 12 receive - 13 power (+12 vdc) 14 logic ref 15 no connection.

  • Page 43

    Connector types 4-19 ethernet media coaxial cable the connectors available for coaxial cabling are dependent upon the type of coaxial cabling in question. Thick coaxial cable may be tapped into without breaking the continuity of the cable or may be physically cut and re-connected. Thin coaxial cable...

  • Page 44

    Ethernet media 4-20 connector types thick coaxial cables require termination with n-type connectors. As the coaxial cable carries network transmissions as voltage, both ends of the thick coaxial cable must be terminated with n-type connectors and terminators to keep the signal from reflecting throug...

  • Page 45

    Connector types 4-21 ethernet media figure 4-11. Cable saddle and transceiver assembly bnc the bnc connector, used in 10base2 environments, is an intrusive connector much like the n-type connector used with thick coaxial cable (described above). The bnc connector (shown in figure 4-12) requires that...

  • Page 46

    Ethernet media 4-22 connector types figure 4-12. Bnc connectors t-connector connections from the cable to network nodes are typically made using t-connectors, which provide taps for additional runs of coaxial cable to workstations or network devices. T-connectors, as shown in figure 4-13, below, pro...

  • Page 47

    Connector types 4-23 ethernet media utp cable rj45 the rj45 connector is a modular, plastic connector that is often used in utp cable installations. The rj45 is a keyed connector, designed to be plugged into an rj45 port only in the correct alignment. The connector is a plastic housing that is crimp...

  • Page 48

    Ethernet media 4-24 connector types figure 4-15. Solid and stranded rj45 blades the solid utp connector arranges the contact points of the blades in a staggered fashion. The purpose of this arrangement is to pierce the insulator on either side of the core wire and make contacts on either side. As th...

  • Page 49

    Connector types 4-25 ethernet media the eia/tia 568b specification reverses the arrangement of pair 1 and pair 2, but does not change the association of pairs within the cable. The universal service order code, or usoc, a standard used for token ring network installations or some telephone wiring, u...

  • Page 50

    Ethernet media 4-26 connector types figure 4-18. Rj21 pinout mapping for 10base-t punchdown blocks while not strictly a connector type, the punchdown block is a fairly common component in many ethernet 10base-t installations that use 25-pair cable. The punchdowns are bayonet pins to which utp wire s...

  • Page 51

    Connector types 4-27 ethernet media figure 4-19. Punchdown block mapping for utp cabling a b c d 01 10 11 20 21 30 31 40 41 50 1845n19.

  • Page 52

    Ethernet media 4-28 connector types fiber optics as both multimode and single mode fiber optics use the same standard connector in the ethernet 10base-fl and foirl specifications, both cabling types are treated in the section that follows. The recommended connector for 100base-fx networks is discuss...

  • Page 53

    Connector types 4-29 ethernet media the key guide channels of the male st connector allow the st connector to only be connected to a female st connector in the proper alignment. The alignment keys of the female st connector ensure the proper rotation of the connector and, at the end of the channel, ...

  • Page 54

    Ethernet media 4-30 connector types.

  • Page 55: Chapter 5

    5-1 chapter 5 ethernet network requirements this chapter provides test parameters and specification requirements for ethernet network cabling. 10base-t all cabletron systems 10base-t products require that installed facility cabling and cable hardware meet the following minimum specifications. If a n...

  • Page 56

    Ethernet network requirements 5-2 10base-t the insertion loss characteristics of a cable are one of the main determinants of link length allowed by the ethernet and 10base-t specifications. As long as a utp cable does not exceed the total insertion loss of 11.5 db, it may be any length up to 200 m (...

  • Page 57

    10base-t 5-3 ethernet network requirements crosstalk crosstalk is electrical interference between wires. Crosstalk occurs when a cable strand absorbs signals from other wires that it is adjacent to. Excessive crosstalk can be caused by a break in the insulation or shielding that separates wires from...

  • Page 58: 10Base-F (Multimode)

    Ethernet network requirements 5-4 10base-f (multimode) the ieee 802.3 10base-t specification requires that all 10base-t devices support utp cables of not less than 100 m (328 ft) in length. This requirement does not factor in losses due to connectors, patch panels, punchdown blocks, or other cable m...

  • Page 59

    10base-f (multimode) 5-5 ethernet network requirements attenuation multimode fiber optic cables must be tested for attenuation with a fiber optic attenuation test set. The test set must be configured to determine attenuation of the cable at a wavelength of 850 nm. The attenuation test will confirm o...

  • Page 60: Ethernet Foirl (Single Mode)

    Ethernet network requirements 5-6 ethernet foirl (single mode) length the 10base-f specification limits a multimode fiber optic cable segment to 2 km or less. Assuming that a fiber optic cable meets all other limitations for 10base-f usage, it is possible to extend a multimode fiber optic link to an...

  • Page 61

    Ethernet foirl (single mode) 5-7 ethernet network requirements insertion loss the foirl specification allows for a total loss of 10 db or less between any two stations or devices connected by fiber optic cabling. When calculating insertion loss, you must consider and count any loss introduced by fib...

  • Page 62: 10Base2

    Ethernet network requirements 5-8 10base2 10base2 all cabletron systems 10base2 products require that installed thin coaxial cables and related cabling hardware meet the following minimum specifications. If a network installation does not comply with the following specifications, operation of the 10...

  • Page 63: 10Base5 (Coaxial Cable)

    10base5 (coaxial cable) 5-9 ethernet network requirements grounding each thin coaxial cable segment should be connected to earth ground at only one point. The connection to a ground should not be made through the bnc ports of a network device or t-connector unless the connection to the ground is mad...

  • Page 64

    Ethernet network requirements 5-10 10base5 (coaxial cable) connectors/taps 10base5 cables may be terminated with intrusive (n-type) connectors or tapped by coring through the cable to the transmissive core wire. Termination of the cable segment must be accomplished with intrusive connectors. Connect...

  • Page 65: Chapter 6

    6-1 chapter 6 full-duplex ethernet network requirements this chapter provides test parameters and specification requirements for full-duplex ethernet network cabling. Full-duplex 10base-t all cabletron systems full-duplex 10base-t products require that installed facility cabling and cable hardware m...

  • Page 66

    Full-duplex ethernet network requirements 6-2 full-duplex 10base-t insertion loss (attenuation) the maximum allowable insertion loss for any 10base-t station on the ethernet network is 11.5 db at frequencies from 5 to 10 mhz. This calculation must take all cabling devices in the cable path into acco...

  • Page 67

    Full-duplex 10base-t 6-3 full-duplex ethernet network requirements crosstalk crosstalk is electrical interference between wires. Crosstalk occurs when a cable strand absorbs signals from adjacent wires. Excessive crosstalk can be caused by a break in the insulation or shielding that separates wires ...

  • Page 68: 10Base-F (Multimode)

    Full-duplex ethernet network requirements 6-4 10base-f (multimode) the ieee 802.3 10base-t specification requires that all 10base-t devices support utp cables of not less than 100 m (328 ft) in length. This requirement does not factor in losses due to connectors, patch panels, punchdown blocks, or o...

  • Page 69

    10base-f (multimode) 6-5 full-duplex ethernet network requirements attenuation multimode fiber optic cables must be tested for attenuation with a fiber optic attenuation test set. The test set must be configured to determine attenuation of the cable at a wavelength of 850 nm. The attenuation test wi...

  • Page 70: Ethernet Foirl (Single Mode)

    Full-duplex ethernet network requirements 6-6 ethernet foirl (single mode) length the 10base-f specification limits a multimode fiber optic cable segment to 2 km or less. Assuming that a fiber optic cable meets all other limitations for 10base-f usage, it is possible to extend a multimode fiber opti...

  • Page 71

    Ethernet foirl (single mode) 6-7 full-duplex ethernet network requirements insertion loss the foirl specification allows for a total loss of 10.0 db or less between any two stations or devices connected by fiber optic cabling. When calculating insertion loss, you must consider and count any loss int...

  • Page 72

    Full-duplex ethernet network requirements 6-8 ethernet foirl (single mode).

  • Page 73: Chapter 7

    7-1 chapter 7 fast ethernet network requirements this chapter provides test parameters and specification requirements for fast ethernet network cabling. 100base-tx all cabletron systems 100base-tx products require that installed facility cabling and cable hardware meet the following minimum specific...

  • Page 74

    Fast ethernet network requirements 7-2 100base-tx the tia/eia 568a cabling specification for category 5 compliant utp installations allows the use of two different types of cable: horizontal wire and patch wire. The specification allows horizontal wire to be used to cover distances of up to 90 m, wh...

  • Page 75

    100base-tx 7-3 fast ethernet network requirements delay the maximum propagation delay allowable on a 100base-tx segment is 1 microsecond ( µ s). If a fast ethernet signal is unable to traverse the entire length of an installed utp cable run within 1 µ s, out of window (oow) errors will occur due to ...

  • Page 76: 100Base-Fx (Multimode)

    Fast ethernet network requirements 7-4 100base-fx (multimode) 100base-fx (multimode) all cabletron systems 100base-fx products require that installed facility cabling and cable hardware meet the following minimum specifications. If a network cabling installation is not within the limitations present...

  • Page 77: Hybrid Installations

    Hybrid installations 7-5 fast ethernet network requirements delay as fiber optic cabling is often used to make connections between fast ethernet repeaters or hubs, the 100base-fx specification allows a multimode fiber optic link to be configured such that the total propagation delay for the link is ...

  • Page 78

    Fast ethernet network requirements 7-6 hybrid installations figure 7-1. Fast ethernet network radius if the two longest links in the fast ethernet repeater domain are both made using utp cable, each utp segment may be 100 m in length, for a total network radius of 200 m. If these links were both mad...

  • Page 79

    Hybrid installations 7-7 fast ethernet network requirements the design and operation of these different repeater types result in different operating characteristics and network limitations. Class i repeaters, by translating the received signal, produce a stronger repeated transmission. The translati...

  • Page 80

    Fast ethernet network requirements 7-8 hybrid installations.

  • Page 81: Chapter 8

    8-1 chapter 8 full-duplex fast ethernet network requirements this chapter provides test parameters and specification requirements for full-duplex fast ethernet network cabling. 100base-tx all cabletron systems 100base-tx products require that installed facility cabling and cable hardware meet the fo...

  • Page 82

    Full-duplex fast ethernet network requirements 8-2 100base-tx insertion loss (attenuation) the maximum allowable insertion loss for any 100base-tx station on the fast ethernet network is 11.5 db at frequencies from 5 to 10 mhz. This calculation must take all cabling devices in the cable path into ac...

  • Page 83

    100base-tx 8-3 full-duplex fast ethernet network requirements 25-pair cable the acceptable amount of next between pairs in a 25-pair cable is at least 60 db for a 10 mhz link. Four-pair cable the acceptable amount of next between pairs in a four-pair cable is not less than 60 db for a 10 mhz link. N...

  • Page 84

    Full-duplex fast ethernet network requirements 8-4 100base-tx length the 100base-tx standard specifies that any 100base-tx compliant device must be capable of transmitting a fast ethernet signal not less than 100 m (328 ft) over a utp cable segment that meets the quality values listed above. As long...

  • Page 85: 100Base-Fx (Multimode)

    100base-fx (multimode) 8-5 full-duplex fast ethernet network requirements 100base-fx (multimode) all cabletron systems 100base-fx products require that installed facility cabling and cable hardware meet the following minimum specifications. If a network cabling installation is not within the limitat...

  • Page 86

    Full-duplex fast ethernet network requirements 8-6 100base-fx (multimode) if there is any signal path whose total one-way propagation delay exceeds 2.56 µ s, the fast ethernet network is out of specifications, and error conditions may result. To eliminate propagation delay problems, incorporate some...

  • Page 87: Chapter 9

    9-1 chapter 9 token ring media this chapter examines the physical characteristics and requirements of both cabling and the connectors and ports used in token ring networks. Cabling types shielded twisted pair (stp) shielded twisted pair cabling is a multistranded cable most often constructed of eigh...

  • Page 88

    Token ring media 9-2 cabling types figure 9-1. Stp cable pair association twisting the pairs together throughout the cable helps to reduce the effects of externally-induced electrical noise on the signals that pass through the cable. In each pair, one wire carries the normal network signal, while it...

  • Page 89

    Cabling types 9-3 token ring media figure 9-2. Twisted pair signal equalization stp cable is made up of four or more wires, and each wire within the cable has a specific insulator color. These colors are part of the ieee specifications to which the cable construction process must be held. Each color...

  • Page 90

    Token ring media 9-4 cabling types the individual wires are twisted into pairs. The pairs that are formed by this twisting are then surrounded by a mylar foil shield. These shielded pairs are then laid alongside one another in an overall braided metal shield. The shield containing the twisted pairs ...

  • Page 91

    Cabling types 9-5 token ring media type 9 type 9 cable is similar in construction to type 6 cable, and is intended to be used for the same purposes. The center strands of a type 9 cable are made of either solid or stranded 26 awg conductors. Unshielded twisted pair (utp) unshielded twisted pair cabl...

  • Page 92

    Token ring media 9-6 cabling types while utp cables are usually built to provide four pairs of wire, ieee 802.5 standards only require the use of two pairs, referred to as pair 1 and pair 2 (pair 1 and pair 3 of the eia/tia 568a specification). Pair 2 of the connector is the transmit pair and pair 1...

  • Page 93

    Cabling types 9-7 token ring media category 3 utp cabling that is built to the category 3 specification consists of two or more pairs of solid 24 awg copper strands. Each strand, approximately 0.02 inch thick, is surrounded by a layer of insulation. The characteristics of the insulation are determin...

  • Page 94

    Token ring media 9-8 cabling types fiber optics fiber optic cable is a high performance media constructed of glass or plastic that uses pulses of light as a transmission method. Because fiber optics do not utilize electrical charges to pass data, they are free from the possibility of interference du...

  • Page 95

    Cabling types 9-9 token ring media in much the same way that utp cabling is available in two-, four-, 25-, and 50-pair cables, strands of fiber optic cabling are often bound together with other strands into multiple strand cables. These multiple strand cables are available with anywhere from two to ...

  • Page 96: Connector Types

    Token ring media 9-10 connector types connector types stp medium interface connector (mic) the medium interface connector is a genderless connector that is designed to be used with ibm type 6 and type 9 stp cabling. The mic connector may also be used on type 1 or type 3 stp cabling. The design of th...

  • Page 97

    Connector types 9-11 token ring media db9 the db9 connector is a smaller standard connector for ieee 802.5 networking applications, typically used for desktop and networking hardware connections. It is used in locations where a sturdy connection to stp cabling is required, but the use of mic connect...

  • Page 98

    Token ring media 9-12 connector types the db9 connector does not perform a wrap on disconnect as does the larger mic connector. There is no internal mechanism for performing these operations. Stations connected to networking hardware with db9 connectors rely on the networking hub to perform any wrap...

  • Page 99

    Connector types 9-13 token ring media figure 9-6. The shielded rj45 connector the shielded rj45 cable is made up of the plastic and metal outer housing and locking clip. Within the housing, a series of contact blades are lined up next to one another to provide contact points for the pins of the rj45...

  • Page 100

    Token ring media 9-14 connector types the wires of the stp cable must be organized in the rj45 connector properly, based upon the usoc specification and the ieee 802.5 specification. This organization of the wires at the connector is known as a pinout. The proper pinout for the token ring shielded r...

  • Page 101

    Connector types 9-15 token ring media unshielded twisted pair cable rj45 the rj45 connector is a modular, plastic connector that is often used in utp cable installations. The rj45 is a keyed connector, designed to be plugged into an rj45 port only in the correct alignment. The connector is a plastic...

  • Page 102

    Token ring media 9-16 connector types the wires of the utp cable must be organized in the rj45 connector properly, based upon the usoc specification and the ieee 802.5 specification. This organization of the wires at the connector is known as a pinout. The proper pinout for the token ring rj45 conne...

  • Page 103

    Connector types 9-17 token ring media the connection of individual wires of a utp cable to the pins of an ieee 802.5 compliant rj45 connector are given in table 9-5. Fiber optics straight-tip fiber optic connectors in token ring environments must meet the ieee 802.5j specifications, which requires t...

  • Page 104

    Token ring media 9-18 connector types the male st connector is inserted into the channel of the female connector, its guide channels aligned with the locking pins of the female connector. Once the st connector has been properly aligned, it is pressed in and rotated clockwise, the locking pins and gu...

  • Page 105: Chapter 10

    10-1 chapter 10 token ring network requirements this chapter provides test parameters and specification requirements for token ring network cabling. Ieee 802.5 shielded twisted pair all cabletron systems token ring products for stp token ring connectivity require that installed facility cabling and ...

  • Page 106

    Token ring network requirements 10-2 ieee 802.5 shielded twisted pair attenuation the attenuation limit for any token ring stp cable link is dependent upon the operating speed of the token ring network. Token ring networks that operate at a 16 mbps speed (16 mhz) have slightly different cabling requ...

  • Page 107

    Ieee 802.5 shielded twisted pair 10-3 token ring network requirements link length the operation of the token ring network places limitations on the amount of time a signal may travel through the token ring. This limitation, in conjunction with the amounts of loss that signals are susceptible to over...

  • Page 108

    Token ring network requirements 10-4 ieee 802.5 shielded twisted pair special cases of link length if cable types are mixed in an installation, the different cable attenuations and qualities must be compensated for. In any installation, type 6 and type 9 cable may only be run for 2/3 the distance of...

  • Page 109

    Ieee 802.5 unshielded twisted pair 10-5 token ring network requirements ieee 802.5 unshielded twisted pair cable type the ieee 802.5 specification for token ring networks requires utp cabling of category 3, 4, or 5. Categories of utp cabling below category 3 may not meet the quality requirements of ...

  • Page 110

    Token ring network requirements 10-6 ieee 802.5 unshielded twisted pair impedance all utp cabling used in a token ring installation must test to an impedance of 85 to 115 ohms. Cabling with higher or lower impedance ratings may not operate properly in the token ring network environment. Crosstalk cr...

  • Page 111

    Ieee 802.5 unshielded twisted pair 10-7 token ring network requirements when passive token ring technology is used, the link length for each network operating speed is reduced. A passive 4 mbps token ring network may support category 3 or 4 utp cabling lengths of 100 m (328 ft) or less, while a 16 m...

  • Page 112

    Token ring network requirements 10-8 ieee 802.5j (multimode fiber optics) category 5 the tested requirements for category 5 utp trunk cables are the same as those required for utp lobe cables using category 5 cabling. The maximum link length of a category 5 trunk cable at 4 mbps is 250 m (820 ft). A...

  • Page 113

    Ieee 802.5j (multimode fiber optics) 10-9 token ring network requirements attenuation multimode fiber optic cables must be tested for attenuation with a fiber optic attenuation test set. The test set must be configured to determine attenuation of the cable at a wavelength of 850 nm. The attenuation ...

  • Page 114

    Token ring network requirements 10-10 ieee 802.5j single mode fiber optics ieee 802.5j single mode fiber optics cable type ieee 802.5j single mode fiber optic products for token ring networks require specific types of cabling. Token ring single mode fiber optic devices manufactured by cabletron syst...

  • Page 115: Chapter 11

    11-1 chapter 11 fddi media this chapter details the standard media and connector types that may be used in fiber distributed data interface (fddi) networks. Cabling types unshielded twisted pair (utp) unshielded twisted pair cabling (referred to here as utp, but also may be termed copper wire, 10bas...

  • Page 116

    Fddi media 11-2 cabling types in any transceiver or network interface card (nic), the network protocol signals to be transmitted are in the form of changes of electrical state. The means by which the ones and zeroes of network communications are turned into these signals is called encoding. In a twi...

  • Page 117

    Cabling types 11-3 fddi media the utp cable used in network installations is the same type of cable used in the installation of telephone lines within buildings. Utp cabling is differentiated by the quality category of the cable itself, which is an indicator of the type and quality of wire used and ...

  • Page 118

    Fddi media 11-4 cabling types to overcome this, a crossover must be placed between the fddi tp-pmd ports, forcing the transmit pins of one device to connect to the receive pins of the other device. When two devices are being connected to one another using utp cabling, an odd number of crossover cabl...

  • Page 119

    Cabling types 11-5 fddi media category 5 utp consists of 2 or more pairs of 22 or 24 awg wire. Category 5 cable is constructed and insulated such that the maximum attenuation of a 10 mhz signal in a cable run at the control temperature of 20 ° c is 65 db/km. A cable that has a higher maximum attenua...

  • Page 120

    Fddi media 11-6 cabling types in any transceiver or network interface card (nic), the network protocol signals to be transmitted are in the form of changes of electrical state. The means by which the ones and zeroes of network communications are turned into these signals is called encoding. In a twi...

  • Page 121

    Cabling types 11-7 fddi media stp cable quality stp cable is available in a series of construction and quality styles, known as types. Fddi tp-pmd applications require stp cables that meet the quality and construction specifications of type 1 or type 2 stp cable, as detailed in the sections that fol...

  • Page 122

    Fddi media 11-8 cabling types type 2 ibm type 2 cable is constructed in much the same fashion as type 1 cable. The two central shielded pairs and the overall braided shield that surround them are constructed of the same materials, and then two additional pairs of awg 22 insulated solid copper wires ...

  • Page 123

    Cabling types 11-9 fddi media there are two basic types of fiber optics: multimode and single mode. The names come from the types of light used in the transmission process. Multimode fiber uses inexpensive light emitting diodes (leds) that produce light of a single color. Due to the nature of the le...

  • Page 124

    Fddi media 11-10 cabling types multimode multimode fiber optic cabling is designed and formulated to allow the propagation of many different wavelengths, or modes, of light. Multimode fiber optics are the most commonly encountered fiber type in fddi installations, due to their lower cost compared to...

  • Page 125: Connector Types

    Connector types 11-11 fddi media connector types utp rj45 the rj45 connector is a modular, plastic connector that is often used in utp cable installations. The rj45 is a keyed connector, designed to be plugged into an rj45 port only in the correct alignment. The connector is a plastic housing that i...

  • Page 126

    Fddi media 11-12 connector types figure 11-7. Eia/tia 568a pinout and pair association the eia/tia 568 b specification reverses the arrangement of pair 1 and pair 2, but does not change the association of pairs within the cable. The universal service order code, or usoc, a standard often used for ol...

  • Page 127

    Connector types 11-13 fddi media an stp cable that uses solid core wires requires the use of contact blades with three teeth. This is due to the inability of the teeth to effectively penetrate the solid core of the stp wire without damaging the cable. The three teeth are placed in a staggered left-r...

  • Page 128

    Fddi media 11-14 connector types figure 11-8. Fddi media interface connector the mic connector is designed to prevent the mis-connection of segments and devices. It is specifically constructed in an asymmetrical fashion that prevents the connection of transmit strands in the connector to the transmi...

  • Page 129

    Connector types 11-15 fddi media sc connector the sc connector is a gendered connector that is recommended for use in fddi networks that incorporate multimode fiber optics adhering to the lcf-pmd specification. It consists of two plastic housings, the outer and inner. The inner housing fits loosely ...

  • Page 130

    Fddi media 11-16 connector types.

  • Page 131: Chapter 12

    12-1 chapter 12 fddi network requirements this chapter details the test specifications and limitations for media used in fddi networks. Mmf-pmd cable type the fddi pmd specification that deals with multimode fiber optic cabling in fddi environments specifies the use of 62.5/125 µ m fiber optic cabli...

  • Page 132: Smf-Pmd

    Fddi network requirements 12-2 smf-pmd length as long as all other cable quality specifications are met, the fddi pmd allows a multimode fiber optic link to be no longer than 2 km from station to station. This 2 km length must include all connector and patch panels between the two stations. Keep in ...

  • Page 133: Lcf-Pmd

    Lcf-pmd 12-3 fddi network requirements length if all other cable quality specifications are met, the fddi smf-pmd allows a single mode fiber optic link to be no longer than 58 km from station to station. This total length must include all connector and patch panels between the two stations. Keep in ...

  • Page 134: Tp -Pmd (Utp)

    Fddi network requirements 12-4 tp -pmd (utp) length assuming that all other cable quality specifications are met, the fddi lcf-pmd allows a low-cost fiber optic link to be no longer than 500 m from station to station. This total length must include all connectors and patch panels between the two sta...

  • Page 135: Tp-Pmd (Stp)

    Tp-pmd (stp) 12-5 fddi network requirements length tp-pmd cabling which is within all other requirements of the specification may be no longer than 100 m from station to station. This total length must include all connectors and patch panels between the two stations. As with fiber optic connections,...

  • Page 136

    Fddi network requirements 12-6 tp-pmd (stp).

  • Page 137: Chapter 13

    13-1 chapter 13 cabling devices this chapter identifies a number of commonly-used cabling installation and management devices which may be used to facilitate easy network troubleshooting, installation, and expansion. Cable management devices are those pieces of equipment which allow the organization...

  • Page 138: Hardware Mounting

    Cabling devices 13-2 hardware mounting hardware mounting relay rack the relay rack, or electrical equipment rack, is a metal frame that is commonly used to secure and support networking, electrical, or telephony equipment in network centers or wiring closets. Most large cable management devices and ...

  • Page 139

    Hardware mounting 13-3 cabling devices enclosed equipment cabinet the enclosed equipment cabinet, sometime referred to as a “glass front rack,” is basically a relay rack inside a protective metal frame. The enclosed equipment cabinet allows networking devices to be secured as though in a relay rack,...

  • Page 140: Cable Termination

    Cabling devices 13-4 cable termination cable termination cable termination equipment provides points where facility cabling may be easily connected to jumper cabling. Cable termination equipment basically provides endpoints for the raw facility cabling. Patch panel a patch panel is a piece of cable ...

  • Page 141

    Cable termination 13-5 cabling devices harmonica the harmonica is a specialized type of patch panel. It is used only in twisted pair networking situations. The harmonica provides front surface modular connections like a patch panel. The back surface provides one or more rj21 connectors. Through the ...

  • Page 142

    Cabling devices 13-6 cable termination punchdown block a punchdown block is another means of attaching raw strands of facility cable to a single jumper cable. The punchdown block allows the actual metal strands of facility utp cable to be punched down, using a special tool, onto bayonet pins. These ...

  • Page 143

    Cable termination 13-7 cabling devices distribution box a distribution box is a form of patch panel that is used with fiber optic cabling. The distribution box provides an access point for multiple strand facility fiber optic cable. As distribution boxes are commonly used as intermediary cabling dev...

  • Page 144

    Cabling devices 13-8 cable termination wallplate a wallplate is a form of small patch panel typically used at end user locations. The wallplate provides a connection and termination point for the facility cabling to which a user station may be connected with a length of jumper cabling. Wallplates ar...

  • Page 145: Facility Cable Management

    Facility cable management 13-9 cabling devices surface mount box a surface mount box is a type of wallplate which, instead of being mounted in a hole in the wall is attached to the wall with an adhesive. The surface mount box is typically used in locations where connections to end user stations are ...

  • Page 146

    Cabling devices 13-10 facility cable management d-rings d-rings are metal rings that are mounted to a wall or beam. The d-rings are shaped like the letter “d”. Once the rings are in place and secured (using screws, rivets, or adhesive) cabling is passed through the rings. The d-rings support the wei...

  • Page 147

    Facility cable management 13-11 cabling devices j-hooks j-hooks are cable management devices similar in form and function to d-rings. Whereas a d-ring, once mounted on a wall, support, or other solid surface, is a closed hoop through which cable is threaded, j-hooks are open, and simply act as a sup...

  • Page 148

    Cabling devices 13-12 facility cable management innerduct innerduct is a corrugated plastic tubing that is used to protect cabling. Most often, innerduct is used with fiber optic cabling, due to that media’s susceptibility to damage during or following installation. Typically bright orange in color,...

  • Page 149

    Facility cable management 13-13 cabling devices raceway the term “raceway” is used to refer to several items in cable installation. A raceway of any type is a channel, tray, or platform along which cable is laid. Most raceways are differentiated from conduits in the construction of each; where a con...

  • Page 150

    Cabling devices 13-14 facility cable management ty-wraps and adhesive anchors ty-wraps, also called ty-fasts, plastic securing straps, and zip straps, are ribbons of tough plastic, usually white in color. The center portion of the plastic strip is ribbed or knurled, and one end of the strap is a slo...

  • Page 151: Chapter 14

    14-1 chapter 14 connecting and terminating this chapter deals with the methods used to attach connectors to facility or jumper cables and the termination requirements of the cable and connector types. Ethernet db15 db15 connectors and ports are used to make connections between ethernet transceivers ...

  • Page 152

    Connecting and terminating 14-2 ethernet 1. Align the db15 connector of the aui cable with the aui port of the network device as shown in figure 14-1. The port will only connect if it is properly aligned. Figure 14-1. Db15 connector insertion 2. Firmly press the aui connector over the aui port. The ...

  • Page 153

    Ethernet 14-3 connecting and terminating to remove the db15 connector from the port once it is locked in, examine the connector for a sliding latch or other locking method. If one is present, slide it to the unlocked position. Grasp the connector firmly between your thumb and forefinger. Pull the co...

  • Page 154

    Connecting and terminating 14-4 ethernet • check that the twisted pair connection meets db loss and cable specifications outlined in 10base-t twisted pair network requirements. • if all else fails, contact cabletron systems technical support. To remove the rj45 connector from the port once it is loc...

  • Page 155

    Ethernet 14-5 connecting and terminating 2. When the rj21 connector has been correctly inserted, it should remain in place naturally. If there are velcro fastening straps provided, use them to secure the connector to the port. If link indicators are present for the ports serviced by the rj21 connect...

  • Page 156

    Connecting and terminating 14-6 ethernet 2. Once the housing stops moving in, turn the metal housing clockwise while continuing to apply light forward pressure. It is likely that the female connector will have to be secured in order to stop it from rotating as you turn the male connector. 3. The loc...

  • Page 157

    Ethernet 14-7 connecting and terminating n-type the n-type connector is used for intrusive taps in thick coaxial cabling. The instructions which follow detail the process used to connect a male n-type connector to a female n-type barrel connector. Before attaching a male n-type connector to a female...

  • Page 158

    Connecting and terminating 14-8 ethernet 1. Remove the protective plastic covers from the fiber optic ports on the applicable port on the module, and from the ends of the connectors on each fiber strand. 2. Attach one fiber to the applicable receive port on the module. Insert the st connector into t...

  • Page 159: Token Ring

    Token ring 14-9 connecting and terminating token ring db9 the db9 connector is often used to connect token ring stations to stp jumper cables. The instructions which follow detail the process used to connect a db9 connector to a station port. 1. Align the db9 connector of the stp cable with the db9 ...

  • Page 160

    Connecting and terminating 14-10 token ring if a link indicator is present for the port, check to see if it is on. If it is not on, perform the following actions until you reach a resolution of the problem and achieve a link. • check that the token ring device at the other end of the aui segment is ...

  • Page 161

    Token ring 14-11 connecting and terminating 2. Press the rj45 connector into the port until the click of the locking clip is felt. The pressure required to perform this should be minimal. If you encounter resistance or excessive friction, remove the connector and check the port for obstruction. Also...

  • Page 162

    Connecting and terminating 14-12 token ring token ring mic token ring mic connectors only attach to other token ring mic connectors or ports. In order to connect two token ring mics, perform the following procedures: 1. Align the connectors such that the moving arms at the outside edges of both conn...

  • Page 163

    Token ring 14-13 connecting and terminating st connector the instructions which follow detail the process used to connect a set of st connectors to a station port. St connectors for fiber optic cables are connected to st ports on devices through a “twist and lock” procedure. Each fiber optic link co...

  • Page 164: Fddi

    Connecting and terminating 14-14 fddi if link indicators are present for the fiber optic connection, check that they are on. If an indicator is present but not on, that port does not have a valid link. Perform each of the following actions until you reach a resolution of the problem and achieve a li...

  • Page 165

    Fddi 14-15 connecting and terminating if a link indicator is present for the port, check that it is on. If the indicator is not on, the port does not have a valid link. Perform each of the following actions until you reach a resolution of the problem and achieve a link. • check that the fddi device ...

  • Page 166

    Connecting and terminating 14-16 fddi fddi mic before attaching connectors to an fddi mic port, remove the protective rubber plug from the fddi port. Also remove the plastic hood from the mic connector to be used. Usually, there will be three plastic inserts, colored red, blue, and green, in holders...

  • Page 167

    Fddi 14-17 connecting and terminating figure 14-12. Fddi media interface connector insertion the link led associated with the port should come on, indicating a valid link. If the link led for the port does not light up, there is a condition present which will not allow the fddi device to recognize a...

  • Page 168

    Connecting and terminating 14-18 fddi sc connector each fiber optic link consists of two strands of fiber optic cabling: the transmit (tx) and the receive (rx). The transmit strand from a module port connects to the receive port of a fiber optic ethernet device at the other end of the segment. The r...

  • Page 169

    Fddi 14-19 connecting and terminating if link indicators are present for the fiber optic connection, check that they are on. If an indicator is present but not on, that port does not have a valid link. Perform each of the following actions until you reach a resolution of the problem and achieve a li...

  • Page 170

    Connecting and terminating 14-20 fddi.

  • Page 171: Appendix A

    A-1 appendix a charts and tables this chapter presents essential information dealing with the minimum, maximum, and recommended characteristics for standards-compliant cabling for ethernet, token ring, and fddi networks. Ethernet 10base5 cable characteristics 10base2 cable characteristics aspect lim...

  • Page 172

    Charts and tables a-2 ethernet 10base-t cable characteristics 10base-f cable characteristics (multimode) 10base-f cable characteristics (single mode) aspect limit impedance 75 - 165 Ω insertion loss @ 10 mhz 11.5 db jitter ≤ 5.0 ns one-way propagation delay 1000 ns max length 200 m aspect 50/125 µ m...

  • Page 173

    Ethernet a-3 charts and tables these are not correct yet: 100base-tx cable characteristics 100base-fx cable characteristics (multimode) 100base-fx cable characteristics (single mode) aspect limit impedance 75 - 165 Ω insertion loss @ 10 mhz 11.5 db jitter ≤ 5.0 ns one-way propagation delay 1000 ns m...

  • Page 174: Token Ring

    Charts and tables a-4 token ring token ring lobe cable distances trunk cable distances *. Ibm type 6 cable is recommended for use as jumper cabling only, and should not be used for facility cabling installations. Media circuitry cable type max lobe length 4 mbps 16 mbps stp active ibm types 1, 2 300...

  • Page 175

    Token ring a-5 charts and tables stp test requirements utp test requirements multimode fiber optic test requirements single mode fiber optic test requirements aspect type 1/2 type 6/9 4 mbps 16 mbps 4 mbps 16 mbps impedance 127.5 - 172.5 Ω attenuation (db/km) ≤ 22 ≤ 45 ≤ 33 ≤ 66 aspect category 3 ca...

  • Page 176: Fddi

    Charts and tables a-6 fddi fddi maximum cable distances *. Category 5 utp cabling only †. Ibm type 1 stp cabling only table 14-2. Fddi distance limitations media pmd standard max link distance fiber optics (multimode) mmf-pmd 2 km fiber optics (single mode) smf-pmd 60 km unshielded twisted pair * tp...

  • Page 177: Glossa

    Glossary-1 glossa this glossary provides brief descriptions of some of the recurrent terms in the main text, as well as related terms used in discussions of the relevant networking discussions. These descriptions are not intended to be comprehensive discussions of the subject matter. For further cla...

  • Page 178

    Attenuation to card glossary-2 attenuation loss of signal power (measured in decibels) due to transmission through a cable. Attenuation is dependent on the type, manufacture and installation quality of cabling, and is expressed in units of loss per length, most often db/m. Aui attachment unit interf...

  • Page 179

    Glossary-3 channel to crosstalk channel a portion of a backplane bus which is specifically partitioned off for the transmission of one type of network data. Chassis see modular chassis. Client a workstation or node which obtains services from a server device located on the network. Client-server a c...

  • Page 180

    Csma/cd to dual attached glossary-4 csma/cd carrier sense multiple access with collision detection. Csma/cd is the basis for the operation of ethernet networks. Csma/cd is the method by which stations monitor the network, determine when to transmit data, and what to do if they sense a collision or o...

  • Page 181

    Glossary-5 dual homing to fnb dual homing a station connection method for fddi which connects a device’s a/b ports to the m ports of two separate dual-attached concentrator devices, providing fault-tolerance. Eeprom electronic erasable programmable read-only memory. Encryption a security process whi...

  • Page 182

    Frame to interface glossary-6 frame a group of bits that form a discrete block of information. Frames contain network control information or data. The size and composition of a frame is determined by the network protocol being used. Frames are typically generated by operations at the data link layer...

  • Page 183

    Glossary-7 internet to mau internet a world-wide network which provides access through a vast chain of private and public lans. Interoperability the capacity to function in conjunction with other devices. Used primarily to indicate the ability of different vendors’ networking products to work togeth...

  • Page 184

    Mbps to nvram glossary-8 mbps megabits per second. Mbps indicates the number of groups of 1000 bits of data that are being transmitted through an operating network. Mbps can be roughly assessed as a measure of the operational “speed” of the network. Media physical cabling or other method of intercon...

  • Page 185

    Glossary-9 octet to redundant octet a numerical value made up of eight binary places (bits). Octets can represent decimal numbers from zero (0000 0000) to 255 (1111 1111). Oid object identifier. Osi model open standards interconnect. A model of the way in which network communications should proceed ...

  • Page 186

    Relay to simm glossary-10 relay an electrical switch which opens and closes in response to the application of voltage or current. Repeater a network device consisting of a receiver and transmitter which is used to regenerate a network signal to increase the distance it may traverse. Ring-in/ring-out...

  • Page 187

    Glossary-11 single attached to subnet mask single attached connected to an fddi network through a single cable which does not provide for auto-wrap functions. Single mode a type of fiber optics in which light travels in one predefined mode, or wavelength. Signals in single mode fiber optics are typi...

  • Page 188

    Switch to utp glossary-12 switch a network device which connects two or more separate network segments and allows traffic to be passed between them when necessary. A switch determines if a packet should be blocked or transmitted based on the destination address contained in that packet. Tcp transmis...

  • Page 189: Index

    Index-1 index numerics 100base-fx attenuation 7-4, 8-5 cable requirements 7-4, 8-5 full-duplex 8-5 insertion loss 7-4, 8-5 link length 8-6 multimode 7-5 propagation delay 7-5, 8-5 100base-tx attenuation 7-2, 7-3, 8-2, 8-3 cable requirements 7-1, 8-1 crosstalk 7-3, 8-2 full-duplex 8-1 impedance 7-2, ...

  • Page 190

    Index-2 d db15 connector 4-17 pinout 4-17 document organization 1-2 e eia/tia 568a rj45 jack 4-24 definition 3-1 pair association 4-7 ethernet - see applicable 10base standard f fddi lcf-pmd attenuation 12-3 cable type 12-3 cable types 11-10 connectors 11-15 link length 12-4 power 12-4 mmf-pmd atten...

  • Page 191

    Index-3 p patch panel 13-4 punchdown block 4-26, 13-6 r related documents 1-4 rg58 a/u - see 10base2 rj21 4-25 pair mapping 4-9 rj45 4-23, 11-11 rj45 (shielded) 11-12 s sc connector 4-29, 11-15 smf-pmd - see fddi st connector 4-28 stp 9-1 t t-connector 4-22, 5-8 technical support 1-4 telco connector...

  • Page 192

    Index-4.