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Campbell CR7 Instruction Manual

Summary of CR7

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    Cr7 measurement and control system instruction manual revision: 7/97 copyright (c) 1991-1997 campbell scientific, inc..

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    This is a blank page..

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    Warranty and assistance the cr7 measurement and control system is warranted by campbell scientific, inc. To be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for thirty-six (36) months from date of shipment unless specified otherwise. Batteries have no warranty. Campbell...

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    I cr7 operator's manual table of contents page warranty and assistance selected operating details .............................................................................................. V cautionary notes ...........................................................................................

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    Table of contents ii programming 1. Functional modes 1.1 program tables - *1, *2, and *3 modes ................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 setting and displaying the clock - *5 mode ...........................................................................

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    Table of contents iii programming examples 7. Measurement programming examples 7.1 single ended voltage-li200s silicon pyranometer ................................................................7-1 7.2 differential voltage measurement....................................................................

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    Table of contents iv installation 14. Installation 14.1 environmental enclosure, connectors and junction boxes ................................................ 14-1 14.2 system power requirements and options .......................................................................... 14-2 14.3 humidit...

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    V selected operating details the channel numbering on the analog input card refers to differential measurements. Single ended measurements assume the hi and lo side of each differential channel are two independent single ended channels, e.G., the hi and lo side of differential channel 2 are single e...

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    Vi cautionary notes the typical current drain for the cr7 is approximately 100 ma while executing and 8-10 ma quiescent. Do not allow the lead-acid batteries (2.5 ahr) to drop below 11.76 v as irreversible battery damage may result. An external battery connected to the i/o module +12v and ground ter...

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    Ov-1 cr7 measurement and control system overview the cr7 measurement and control system combines precision measurement with processing and control capability in a battery operated system. Campbell scientific, inc. Provides three documents to aid in understanding and operating the cr7: 1. This overvi...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-2 rs232 9 pin serial ports used on many computers. The sdm terminals adjacent to the serial port allow connection to synchronous device for measurement (sdm) peripherals. These peripherals include the sdm-int8 interval timer, the sdm-sw8a switch closure...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-3 cr7 re lie f va lv e caution pr es s bu tt on be fo re un lo ck in g ca se figure ov1-1. Cr7 measurement and control system ov2. Memory and programming concepts the cr7 must be programmed before it will make any measurements. A program consists of a g...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-4 1 2 rtd 3 4 made in usa +12 720 i/o module analog interface h h h h 1 2 3 4 724 pulse counter h l h l h l h l h l h l h l h l h l h l h l h l h l h l 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 switched analog out continuous analog out 1 2 3 ...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-5 input/output instructions specify the conversion of a sensor signal to a data value and store it in input storage. Programmable entries specify: (1) the measurement type (2) the number of channels to measure (3) the input voltage range (4) the input s...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-6 3. Final storage - final, processed values are stored here for transfer to printer, solid state storage module or for retrieval via telecommunication links. Values are stored in final storage only by the output processing instructions and only when th...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-7 table 1. Execute every x sec. 0.0125 instructions are executed sequentially in the order they are entered in the table. One complete pass through the table is made each execution interval unless program control instructions are used to loop or branch ...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-8 ov3.1 functional modes user interaction with the cr7 is broken into different functional modes, (e.G., programming the measurements and output, setting time, manually initiating a block data transfer to storage module, etc.). The modes are referred to...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-9 ov3.4 instruction format instructions are identified by an instruction number. Each instruction has a number of parameters that give the cr7 the information it needs to execute the instruction. The cr7 prompt sheet has the instruction numbers in red, ...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-10 tables ov3-1 and ov3-2 summarize the keyboard commands and control modes used to program the cr7, monitor input and final storage and control data output to peripherals. The instructions, and their associated parameters, are the cr7's programming ste...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-11 table ov4-1. Thermocouple measurement programming example turn on the power switch and proceed as follows: display id:data key display id:data key description hello 01 00:00 01:0.0000 1 2 :0064 01:00 01:2 * a a the number after "hello" will count up ...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-12 table ov4-2. Using *6 mode to observe example tc measurements (user with model 723-t rtd card) display id:data key display id:data key description :log 1 00:00 *6 0 06:0000 01:21.234 02:22.433 01:21.199 :log 1 a a b * enter *6 mode, advance to first ...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-13 table ov4-4. Example programming to obtain five minute averages display id:data key display id:data key description 00:00 01:00 03:p00 01:0000 02:0000 03:00 04:p00 01:0000 05:p00 01:00 02:0000 06:p00 00:00 05:00 05:0000 05:00:21 13:24:01 : log 1 1 3 ...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-14 table ov4-5. Using *7 mode to view values in final storage display id:data key display id:data key description :log 1 00:00 01:0103. 02:1325. 03:22.57 04:23.43 01:0103. 02:1330. 03:22.61 00:00 7 0 07:9.0000 :log 1 * a a a a a a a * enter *7 mode. The...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-15 ov5. Data retrieval options there are several options for data storage and retrieval. These options are covered in detail in sections 2, 4, and 5. Figure ov5-1 summarizes the various possible methods. Regardless of the method used, there are three ge...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-16 display storage module card storage module multidrop modem shorthaul modem rf modem phone modem satellite interface transceiver multidrop modem storage module card storage module direct rs-232 interface shorthaul modem phone modem satellite ground st...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-17 ov6. Specifications electrical specifications are valid for over a -25° to +50°c range unless otherwise specified. Analog inputs (723t or 723 card specifications below; 726 ±50 v card specifications discussed in system description ) voltage measureme...

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    Cr7 measurement and control system overview ov-18 this is a blank page..

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    1-1 section 1. Functional modes 1.1 program tables - *1, *2, and *3 modes data acquisition and processing functions are controlled by instructions contained in program tables. Programming can be separated into two tables, each having its own programmable execution interval. A third table is availabl...

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    Section 1. Functional modes 1-2 1.1.2 subroutines table 3 is used to enter subroutines which may be called with program control instructions in tables 1 and 2 or other subroutines. The group of instructions which form a subroutine starts with instruction 85, label subroutine, and ends with instructi...

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    Section 1. Functional modes 1-3 table 1.3-1. *6 mode commands key action a advance to next location or enter new value b back-up to previous location c change value in displayed location(key c, then value, then a) d display/alter user flags # display current location and allow a location no. To be k...

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    Section 1. Functional modes 1-4 when the *0, *b, or *d mode is used to compile, all output ports and flags are set low, the timer (instruction 26) is reset, and data in input and intermediate storage are reset to zero. The cr7 should normally be left in the *0 mode when logging data. This mode requi...

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    Section 1. Functional modes 1-5 table 1.5-2. Description of *a mode data key display entry id: data description of data *a 01: xxxx the number of memory locations currently allocated to input storage. This value can be changed by keying in the desired number (minimum of 32, maximum limited by availa...

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    Section 1. Functional modes 1-6 1 describes what the values seen in the *b mode represent. The correct signatures of the cr7 proms are listed in appendix b. A signature is a number which is a function of the data and the sequence of data in memory. It is derived using an algorithm which assures a 99...

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    Section 1. Functional modes 1-7 table 1.7-1. *c mode entries and codes key display entry id: data description *c 12:0000 enter current password. If correct, then advance, else exit *c mode. 12:00 indicates *c mode is not in proms. If security is disabled, *c advances directly to window 1. A 01:00 wi...

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    Section 1. Functional modes 1-8 all data in input, intermediate and final storage are erased when a command to load a program is executed or when a program is written to tape. If nothing is received within 30-40 seconds after giving the command to load a program, the command will be aborted and an e...

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    Section 1. Functional modes 1-9 load program from ascii file command 2 sets up the cr7 to load a serial ascii program. The format is the same as sent in response to command 1 (table 1.8.4). Except when in telecommunications, the baud rate code must be entered after command 2. A download file need no...

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    Section 1. Functional modes 1-10 this is a blank page..

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    2-1 section 2. Internal data storage 2.1 final storage areas, output arrays, and memory pointers final storage is that portion of memory where final, processed data are stored. Data must be sent to final storage before they can be transferred to a computer or external storage peripheral. The size of...

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    Section 2. Internal data storage 2-2 the data storage pointer (dsp) is used to determine where to store each new data point in the final storage area. The dsp advances to the next available memory location after each new data point is stored. The dptr is used to recall data to the lcd display. The p...

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    Section 2. Internal data storage 2-3 table 2.2-2. Decimal location in low resolution format absolute value decimal location 0 - 6.999 x.Xxx 7 - 69.99 xx.Xx 70 - 699.9 xxx.X 700 - 6999. Xxxx. While output data have the limits described above, the computations performed in the cr7 are done in floating...

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    Section 2. Internal data storage 2-4 this is a blank page..

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    3-1 section 3. Instruction set basics the instructions used to program the cr7 are divided into four types: input/output (i/o), processing, output processing, and program control. I/o instructions are used to make measurements and store the readings in input locations or to initiate analog or digita...

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    Section 3. Instruction set basics 3-2 even though this display is the same as that indicating an indexed input location, (section 3.4) there is no indexing effect on excitation voltage. 3.4 indexing input locations when used within a loop, the parameters for input locations can be indexed to the loo...

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    Section 3. Instruction set basics 3-3 sample counts, stores the resulting average in final storage and zeros the value in intermediate storage so that the process starts over with the next execution. Final storage is the default destination of data output by output processing instructions (sections ...

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    Section 3. Instruction set basics 3-4 note: if the output flag is already set high and the test condition of a subsequent program control instruction acting on the flag fails, the flag is set low. This feature eliminates having to enter another instruction to specifically reset the output flag at th...

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    Section 3. Instruction set basics 3-5 execute if the comparison is true. The else instruction, 94, is optional and is followed by the instructions to execute if the comparison is false. The end instruction, 95, marks the end of the branching started by the if instruction. Subsequent instructions are...

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    Section 3. Instruction set basics 3-6 subroutines can be called from other subroutines; they cannot be embedded within other subroutines. A subroutine must end before another subroutine begins (error 20). Any loops or if...Then do sequences started within a subroutine must end before the subroutine....

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    Section 3. Instruction set basics 3-7 table 3.9-2. Processing instruction memory and execution times r = no. Of reps. Memory input inter. Prog. Instruction loc. Loc. Bytes execution time (ms) 30 z=f 1 0 8 0.3 31 z=x 1 0 6 0.5 32 z=z+1 1 0 4 0.6 33 z=x+y 1 0 8 1.1 34 z=x+f 1 0 10 0.9 35 z=x-y 1 0 8 1...

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    Section 3. Instruction set basics 3-8 table 3.9-3. Output instruction memory and execution times r = no. Of reps. Instruction memory execution time (ms) inter. Final prog. Flag 0 low flag 0 high loc. Values1 bytes 69 wind vector 2+9r (2, 3, or 4)r 12 options 00, 01, 02 3.5 + 17.5r 3.5 + 75r options ...

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    Section 3. Instruction set basics 3-9 3.10 error codes there are four types of errors flagged by the cr7: compile, run time, editor, and *d mode. When an error is detected, an e is displayed followed by the 2 digit error code. Compile errors are errors in programming which are detected once the prog...

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    Section 3. Instruction set basics 3-10 this is a blank page..

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    4-1 section 4. External storage peripherals external data storage devices are used to provide a data transfer medium that the user can carry from the test site to the lab and to supplement the internal storage capacity of the cr7, allowing longer periods between visits to the site. The standard data...

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    Section 4. External storage peripherals 4-2 only one of the options 1x, 2x, or 30 may be used in a program. If using a sm64 storage module, output code 21 should be used. Use of the sm192/716 is discussed further in section 4.4, print output formats are discussed in section 4.5. 4.1.2 *4 mode the *4...

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    Section 4. External storage peripherals 4-3 aborted until the next time the *9 mode is entered. If the end of dump location (window 2) is changed while in the *9 mode, the tptr will be set to its previous value when the *9 mode is exited. Changing the program and compiling moves the pptr to the curr...

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    Section 4. External storage peripherals 4-4 if a storage module is not connected no data are sent and the printer pointer (pptr, section 2.1) is not advanced. When a storage module is connected, two things happen: 1. Immediately upon connection, a file mark is placed in the storage module memory fol...

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    Section 4. External storage peripherals 4-5 figure 4.4-1. Example of cr7 printable ascii output format.

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    Section 4. External storage peripherals 4-6 this is a blank page..

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    5-1 section 5. Telecommunications telecommunications allows a computer to retrieve data directly from final storage and may be used to program the cr7 and monitor sensor readings in real time. Any user communication with the cr7 that makes use of a computer or terminal instead of the cr7 keyboard is...

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    Section 5. Telecommunications 5-2 6. Crlf from datalogger means "executing command". 7. Any character besides a cr sent to the datalogger with a legal command in its buffer causes the datalogger to abort the command sequence with crlf* and to zero the command buffer. 8. All commands return a respons...

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    Section 5. Telecommunications 5-3 [yr:day:hr:mm:ss]c reset/send time - if time is entered the time is reset. If only 2 colons are in the time string, hr:mm:ss is assumed; 3 colons means day:hr:mm:ss. If only the c is entered, time is unaltered. Cr7 returns year, julian day, hr:min:sec, and checksum:...

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    Section 5. Telecommunications 5-4 telecommunications command state and the remote keyboard state. Keying *0 will compile and run the cr7 program if program changes have been made. To compile and run the program without leaving the remote keyboard state, use *6 (section 1.1.4). The cr7 display will s...

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    6-1 section 6. Cs i/o 9 pin serial input/output 6.1 pin description all external communication peripherals connect to the cr7 through the 9-pin cs i/o connector (figure 6.1-1). Table 6.1-1 gives a brief description of each pin's function. Cs i/o figure 6.1-1. Cs i/o 9 pin connection table 6.1-1. Pin...

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    Section 6. 9 pin serial input/output 6-2 6.2 enabling peripherals several peripherals may be connected in parallel to the cs i/o 9-pin port. The cr7 directs data to a particular peripheral by raising the voltage on a specific pin dedicated to the peripheral; the peripheral is enabled when the pin go...

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    Section 6. 9 pin serial input/output 6-3 6.5.1 sc32a interface most computers, terminals, and printers require the sc32a optically isolated rs232 interface for a "direct" connection to the cr7. The sc32a raises the cr7's ring line when it receives characters from the computer or terminal, and conver...

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    Section 6. 9 pin serial input/output 6-4 figure 6.5-1. Transmitting the ascii character 1 6.5.3 communication protocol/trouble shooting the ascii standard defines an alphabet consisting of 128 different characters where each character corresponds to a number, letter, symbol, or control code. An asci...

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    Section 6. 9 pin serial input/output 6-5 terminal is set to half duplex rather than the correct setting of full duplex. If nothing happens if the cr7 is connected via the sc32a interface to a terminal or computer and * is not received after sending carriage returns: 1. Verify that the cr7 has power ...

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    Section 6. 9 pin serial input/output 6-6 this is a blank page..

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    7-1 section 7. Measurement programming examples this section gives some examples of input programming for common sensors used with the cr7. These examples detail only the connections, input, program control and processing instructions necessary to perform measurements and store the data in engineeri...

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    Section 7. Measurement programming examples 7-2 figure 7.2-1. Since a single ended measurement is referenced to the cr7 ground, any voltage difference between the sensor ground and cr7 ground becomes a measurement error. A differential measurement avoids this error by measuring the signal between th...

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    Section 7. Measurement programming examples 7-3 the temperature of the 107 probe is stored in input location 1 and the thermocouple temperatures in locations 2-11. Program 01: p11 temp 107 probe 01: 1 rep 02: 1 in card 03: 21 in chan 04: 1 ex card 05: 1 ex chan 06: 1 loc [:ref. Temp] 07: 1 mult 08: ...

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    Section 7. Measurement programming examples 7-4 program 01: p17 panel temperature 01: 1 in card 02: 1 loc [:panl temp] 02: p13 thermocouple temp (se) 01: 5 reps 02: 2 5000 uv slow range 03: 1 in card 04: 2 in chan 05: 22 type e (skip every other chan) 06: 1 ref temp loc panl temp 07: 2 loc [:s.E. T#...

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    Section 7. Measurement programming examples 7-5 04: p87 beginning of loop 01: 0 delay 02: 4 loop count 05: p33 z=x+y 01: 1 x loc ref temp 02: 2-- y loc tc temp#1 03: 2-- z loc [:tc temp#1] 06: p95 end program b 01: p17 panel temperature 01: 1 in card 02: 1 loc [:ref temp ] 02: p14 thermocouple temp ...

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    Section 7. Measurement programming examples 7-6 program 02: p12 rh 207 probe 01: 3 reps 02: 1 in card 03: 4 in chan 04: 1 ex card 05: 1 ex chan 06: 1 meas/temp 07: 1 temperature loc 207 t#1 08: 4 loc [:rh #1 ] 09: 1 mult 10: 0 offset 7.9 anemometer with photochopper output an anemometer with a photo...

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    Section 7. Measurement programming examples 7-7 figure 7.10-1. Wiring diagram for raingage with long leads in a long cable, there is appreciable capacitance between the lines which is discharged across the switch when it closes. In addition to shortening switch life, a transient may be induced in ot...

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    Section 7. Measurement programming examples 7-8 a multiplier of 1. The prt is then placed in an ice bath (0 oc; rs=r0), and the result of the bridge measurement is read using the *6 mode. The reading is rs/rf, which is equal to r0/rf since rs = r0, the correct value of the multiplier, rf/r0, is the ...

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    Section 7. Measurement programming examples 7-9 the advantages of the 3 wire half bridge are that it only requires 3 lead wires going to the sensor, and takes 2 single ended input channels whereas the 4 wire half bridge requires 2 differential input channels. Program 01: p 7 3 wire half bridge 01: 1...

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    Section 7. Measurement programming examples 7-10 the 5 ppm/oc temperature coefficient of the fixed resistors was chosen so that their 0.01% accuracy tolerance would hold over the desired temperature range. There is a change of approximately 1500 µv from the output at 45 oc to the output at 51 oc, or...

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    Section 7. Measurement programming examples 7-11 program 01: p6 full bridge 01: 1 rep 02: 4 50 mv slow range 03: 1 in card 04: 1 in chan 05: 1 ex card 06: 1 ex chan 07: 1 meas/ex 08: 5000 mv excitation 09: 13 loc [:height cm] 10: 50.334 mult 11: 7.48 offset 7.15 lysimeter - 6 wire load cell when a l...

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    Section 7. Measurement programming examples 7-12 ohms at the maximum temperature, then, at the minimum temperature, the resistance is: (1-25x0.004)33 ohms = 29.7 ohms the actual excitation voltage at the load cell is: v1 = 350/(350+29.7) vx = .92 vx the excitation voltage has increased by 1%, relati...

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    Section 7. Measurement programming examples 7-13 02: p34 z=x+f 01: 1 x loc mm raw 02: 266 f 03: 2 z loc [:mm corect] 7.16 227 gypsum soil moisture block soil moisture is measured with a gypsum block by relating the change in moisture to the change in resistance of the block. An ac half bridge (instr...

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    Section 7. Measurement programming examples 7-14 7.17 nonlinear thermistor in half bridge (campbell scientific model 101) instruction 11, 107 thermistor probe, automatically linearizes the output of the nonlinear thermistor in the 107 probe by transforming the millivolt reading with a 5th order poly...

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    8-1 section 8. Processing and program control examples the following examples are intended to illustrate the use of processing and program control instructions, flags, and the capability to direct the results of output processing instructions to input storage. The specific examples may not be as imp...

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    Section 8. Processing and program control examples 8-2 04: p54 block move 01: 9 no. Of values 02: 12 first source loc temp i-8 03: 1 source step 04: 11 first destin. Loc [:temp i-9 ] 05: 1 destination step 05: p86 do 01: 10 set high flag 0 (output) 06: p70 sample 01: 1 rep 02: 2 loc 10smpl av 07: p ...

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    Section 8. Processing and program control examples 8-3 every 15 minutes, the total rain is sent to input storage. If the total is greater than 0, output is redirected to final storage, the time is output, and the total is sampled. Input location labels: 1:rain (mm) 2:15min tot * 1 table 1 programs 0...

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    Section 8. Processing and program control examples 8-4 input location assignments: 1:temp deg c 10:30 sec 0 * 1 table 1 programs 01: .5 sec. Execution interval 01: p18 time 01: 0 tenths of seconds into minute (maximum 600) 02: 300 mod/by 03: 10 loc [:30 sec 0 ] 02: p17 panel temperature 01: 1 in car...

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    Section 8. Processing and program control examples 8-5 04: p37 z=x*f 01: 1 x loc ws 02: 10 f 03: 4 z loc [:ws output] 05: p37 z=x*f 01: 3 x loc 0-540 wd 02: 1.8519 f 03: 5 z loc [:wd output] 06: p21 analog out 01: 1 ex card 02: 1 cao chan 03: 4 mv loc ws output 07: p21 analog out 01: 1 ex card 02: 2...

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    Section 8. Processing and program control examples 8-6 09: p91 if flag 01: 11 1 is set 02: 30 then do 10: p34 z=x+f 01: 3 x loc 0-540 wd 02: 360 f 03: 3 z loc [:0-540 wd ] 11: p95 end 12: p95 end 13: p95 end 14: p end table 3 8.6 covariance correlation programming example the example is a two level ...

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    Section 8. Processing and program control examples 8-7 table 8.6-2. Example outputs and input storage locations level 1 outputs means loc variances loc covariances loc correlations loc m(w1) 20 v(w1) 25 cv(w1,u1) 30 cr(w1,u1) 34 m(u1) 21 v(u1) 26 cv(w1,v1) 31 cr(w1,v1) 35 m(v1) 22 v(v1) 27 cv(w1,tal...

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    Section 8. Processing and program control examples 8-8 * 1 table 1 programs 01: 1 sec. Execution interval 01: p17 panel temperature 01: 1 in card 02: 16 loc [:panl temp] 02: p1 volt (se) 01: 6 reps 02: 8 5000 mv slow range 03: 1 in card 04: 1 in chan 05: 1 loc [:w1 ] 06: .018 mult 07: 0 offset 03: p...

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    9-1 section 9. Input/output instructions table 9-1. Input voltage ranges and codes range code full scale range resolution* slow fast 16.67ms 250µs integ. Integ. 1 11 ±1500 microvolts 50 nanovolts 2 12 ±5000 microvolts 166 nanovolts 3 13 ±15 millivolts 500 nanovolts 4 14 ±50 millivolts 1.66 microvolt...

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    Section 9. Input/output instructions 9-2 par. Data no. Type description 01: 2 repetitions 02: 2 range code (table 9-1) 03: 2 card number for first measurement 04: 2 differential channel number for first measurement 05: 4 input location number for first measurement 06: fp multiplier 07: fp offset inp...

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    Section 9. Input/output instructions 9-3 table 9-2. Pulse count configuration codes code configuration 00 high frequency pulse, all pulses counted 01 low level ac, all pulses counted 02 switch closure, all pulses counted 1x long interval data discarded, where x is configuration code 2x long interval...

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    Section 9. Input/output instructions 9-4 *** 6 full bridge with single *** differential measurement function this instruction is used to apply an excitation voltage to a full bridge (figure 13.5-1), make a differential voltage measurement of the bridge output, reverse the excitation voltage, then re...

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    Section 9. Input/output instructions 9-5 par. Data no. Type description 01: 2 repetitions (47 max) 02: 2 excitation range code (table 9-1) 03: 2 bridge range code for (table 9-1) 04: 2 analog card number for first measurement 05: 2 differential channel number for first measurement 06: 2 excitation c...

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    Section 9. Input/output instructions 9-6 the temperature value used in compensating the rh value (parameter 7) must be obtained (see instruction 11) prior to executing instruction 12. The rh results are placed sequentially into the input locations beginning with the first rh value. In some situation...

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    Section 9. Input/output instructions 9-7 par. Data no. Type description 01: 2 repetitions 02: 2 range code (table 9-1) 03: 2 analog card number 04: 2 single-ended channel number for first measurement 05: 2 tc type code (table 9-3) 06: 4 reference temperature location. (when indexed (--) this is incr...

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    Section 9. Input/output instructions 9-8 *** 18 move time to input location *** function this instruction takes the current time in tenths of seconds into the minute, minutes into the day, or hours into the year and does a modulo divide (see instruction 46) on the time value with the number specifie...

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    Section 9. Input/output instructions 9-9 *** 22 excitation with delay *** function this instruction is used in conjunction with others for measuring a response to a timed excitation using the switched analog outputs. It sets the selected excitation output to a specific value, waits for a specified t...

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    Section 9. Input/output instructions 9-10 instructions and examples. This instruction is not in all prom options. Param. Data number type description 01: 2 sdm address (base 4:00..33) 02: 4 *input configuration; channels 8,7,6,5 03: 4 *input configuration; channels 4,3,2,1 04: 4 **function; channels...

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    Section 9. Input/output instructions 9-11 data are stored in sequential datalogger input locations, starting at the location specified in parameter 5. The number of input locations consumed is equal to the number of reps. The scaling multiplier and offset (parameters 6 and 7) are applied to all read...

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    Section 9. Input/output instructions 9-12 param. Data number type description 1 2 reps (# of cd16ac modules sequentially addressed) 2 2 starting sdm address (base 4: 00..33) 3 4 starting input location number input locations read: 16 per repetition *** 113 sdm-si04 *** function instruction 113 commu...

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    10-1 section 10. Processing instructions to facilitate cross referencing, parameter descriptions are keyed [] to the values given on the prompt sheet. These values are defined as follows: [z] = user specified input location number destination [x] = input location no. Of source x [y] = input location...

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    Section 10. Processing instructions 10-2 *** 36 x * y *** function multiply the value in location x by the value in location y and place the result in location z. Par. Data no. Type description 01: 4 input location of x [x] 02: 4 input location of y [y] 03: 4 dest. Input location for x * y [z] input...

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    Section 10. Processing instructions 10-3 *** 43 abs(x) *** function take the absolute value of the value in location x and place the result in location z. Par. Data no. Type description 01: 4 input location of x [x] 02: 4 dest. Input location for abs(x) [z] input locations altered: 1 *** 44 fraction...

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    Section 10. Processing instructions 10-4 parameter 3 cannot be entered as an indexed location within a loop (instruction 87). To use instruction 49 within a loop, enter parameter 3 as a fixed location and follow 49 with instruction 31 (move data). In instruction 31, enter the location in which 49 st...

  • Page 107

    Section 10. Processing instructions 10-5 par. Data no. Type description 01: 4 number of values to move 02: 4 1st source location 03: 2 step of source 04: 4 1st destination location 05: 2 step of destination input locations altered: number of values to move *** 55 5th order polynomial *** function ev...

  • Page 108

    Section 10. Processing instructions 10-6 par. Data no. Type description 01: 4 input location no. Of atmospheric pressure in kilopascals [pressure] 02: 4 input location no. Of dry-bulb temp. [db temp.] 03: 4 input location no. Of wet-bulb temp. [wb temp.] 04: 4 dest. Input location for vapor pressure...

  • Page 109

    Section 10. Processing instructions 10-7 input storage. The instruction requires the set of input values to be located contiguously in input storage. The user specifies the location of the first value and how many total values exist. The number of input values processed by each type of calculation (...

  • Page 110

    Section 10. Processing instructions 10-8 table 10-1. Maximum number of outputs and output order for k input values. (the output order flows from left to right and from top to bottom) inputs: x1 x2 x3 x4 ..... Xk max no. Outputs type outputs (1st) (2nd) (3rd) (4th) (kth) means k m(x1) m(x2) m(x3) m(x...

  • Page 111

    Section 10. Processing instructions 10-9 the input processing phase is where new input values are received, the necessary squares or cross products formed, and the appropriate summations calculated as required by the desired final output. The rate at which the measurements can be made, the input val...

  • Page 112

    Section 10. Processing instructions 10-10 nt is the total number of input samples processed in the output interval intermediate storage requirements the number of intermediate locations will depend upon the number of input values and outputs desired: 1. Define k as the number of input values. 2. Def...

  • Page 113

    11-1 section 11. Output processing instructions *** 69 wind vector *** function instruction 69 processes the primary variables of wind speed and direction from either polar (wind speed and direction) or orthogonal (fixed east and north propellers) sensors. It uses the raw data to generate the mean w...

  • Page 114

    Section 11. Output processing instructions 11-2 minutes, the standard deviation is calculated from all 3600 scans when the sub-interval is 0. With a sub-interval of 900 scans (15 minutes), the standard deviation is the average of the four sub-interval standard deviations. The last sub- interval is w...

  • Page 115

    Section 11. Output processing instructions 11-3 *** 70 sample *** function this instruction stores the value from each specified input location. Par. Data no. Type description 01: 2 repetitions 02: 4 starting input location number outputs generated: 1 per repetition *** 71 average *** function this ...

  • Page 116

    Section 11. Output processing instructions 11-4 the total number of scans. This form of output is also referred to as a frequency distribution. The weighted value histogram uses data from two input locations. One location contains the bin select value; the other contains the weighted value. Each tim...

  • Page 117

    Section 11. Output processing instructions 11-5 the year is output as 19xx if xx is greater than 85, otherwise it will be output as 20xx. The cr7 will require a prom update in the year 2085. If year is output along with a 2 option in day or hour-minute, the previous year will be output during the fi...

  • Page 118

    Section 11. Output processing instructions 11-6 par. Data no. Type description 01: 2 storage area option 01 = final storage (00 and 02 also default to final storage) 03 = input storage area 02: 4 starting input location destination if option 03 output array id if options 0-2 (1-511 are valid ids) **...

  • Page 119

    12-1 section 12. Program control instructions table 12-1. Flag description flag 0 output flag flag 1 to 8 user flags flag 9 intermediate processing disable flag table 12-2. Port command codes 0 - go to end of program table 1-9, 79-99 - call subroutine 1-9, 79-99 10-19 - set flag 0-9 high 20-29 - set...

  • Page 120

    Section 12. Program control instructions 12-2 0 is entered for the count, the loop is repeated until an exit loop command is executed. The first parameter, delay, controls how frequently passes through the loop are made. The delay unit is the table execution interval: a delay of 0 means that there i...

  • Page 121

    Section 12. Program control instructions 12-3 par. Data no. Type description 01: 2 delay 02: 4 iteration count the following example involves the use of the loop instruction, without a delay, to perform a block data transformation. The user wants one hour averages of the vapor pressure calculated fr...

  • Page 122

    Section 12. Program control instructions 12-4 12: p89 if xf 01: 25 x loc day 02: 3 >= 03: 6 f 04: 31 exit loop if true 13: p95 end 14: p87 beginning of loop 01: 1 delay 02: 0 loop count 27: p86 do 01: 1 call subroutine 1 28: p89 if xf 01: 25 x loc day 02: 3 >= 03: 16 f 04: 31 exit loop if true 29: p...

  • Page 123

    Section 12. Program control instructions 12-5 par. Data no. Type description 01: 2 increment for the loop index counter *** 91 if flag *** function this instruction checks one of the ten flags and conditionally performs the specified command. The first parameter specifies the flag to check and the f...

  • Page 124

    Section 12. Program control instructions 12-6 else instruction is optional; when it is omitted, a false comparison will result in execution branching directly to the end instruction. Instruction 94 has no parameters. *** 95 end *** function instruction 95 is used to indicate the end/return of a subr...

  • Page 125

    13-1 section 13. Cr7 measurements 13.1 fast and slow measurement sequence the cr7 makes voltage measurements by integrating the input signal for a fixed time and then holding the integrated value for the analog to digital (a/d) conversion. The a/d conversion is made with a 16 bit successive approxim...

  • Page 126

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-2 figure 13.2-1. Differential voltage measurement sequence because a single ended measurement is referenced to cr7 ground, any difference in ground potential between the sensor and the cr7 will result in an error in the measurement. For example, if the measuring junct...

  • Page 127

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-3 13.3 the effect of sensor lead length on the signal settling time whenever an analog input is switched into the cr7 measurement circuitry prior to making a measurement, a finite amount of time is required for the signal to stabilize at it's correct value. The rate a...

  • Page 128

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-4 since the peak transient, veo, causes significant error only if it is several times larger than the signal, vso, error calculations made in this section approximate ve'o by veo, i.E., veo ≈ veo-vso. If the input settling time constant, τ , is known, a quick estimati...

  • Page 129

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-5 table 13.3-2. Properties of three belden lead wires used by campbell scientific belden r l c w wire # conductors insulation awg (ohms/1000ft.) (pfd/ft.) 8641 1 shld. Pair polyethylene 24 23 42 8771 1 shld. 3 cond. Polyethylene 22 15 41 8723 2 shld. Pair polypropylen...

  • Page 130

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-6 table 13.3-3. Settling error (degrees) for 024a wind direction sensor vs. Lead length wind - - - - - error - - - - - direction l=1000 ft. L=500 ft. 360o 47o 8o 270o 31o 5o 180o 12o 1o 90o 1o 0o the values in table 13.3-3 show that significant error occurs at large d...

  • Page 131

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-7 example lead length calculation for campbell scientific 107 temperature sensor assume a limit of 0.05oc over a 0oc to +40oc range is established for the transient settling error. This limit is a reasonable choice since it approximates the linearization error over th...

  • Page 132

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-8 table 13.3-6 summarizes maximum lead lengths for corresponding error limits in six campbell scientific sensors. Since the first three sensors are non-linear, the voltage error, ve, is the most conservative value corresponding to the error over the range shown. Minim...

  • Page 133

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-9 table 13.3-7. Source resistances and signal levels for ysi #44032 thermistor configurations shown in figure 13.3-7 (2v excitation) - - - a - - - - b - - - - c - - - t rs ro vs(mv) ro@p ro vs(mv) (kohms) (kohms) (kohms) (kohms) -40 884.6 29.0 164 30.0 1 5.5 -20 271.2...

  • Page 134

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-10 figure 13.3-7. Half-bridge configuration for ysi #44032 thermistor connected to cr7 showing: a) large source resistance, b) large source resistance at point p, and c) configuration optimized for input settling. Figure 13.3-8. Measuring input settling error with the...

  • Page 135

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-11 figure 13.3-9. Incorrect leadwire extension on model 107 temperature sensor 13.4 thermocouple measurements a thermocouple consists of two wires, each of a different metal or alloy, which are joined together at each end. If the two junctions are at different tempera...

  • Page 136

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-12 thermocouples attached to it and to one 723 analog input card to either side of it (i.E. Analog input cards 1,2, and 3, where card 2 contains rtd). If more than these three cards are used, it is necessary to measure a new reference temperature to stay within the de...

  • Page 137

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-13 in order to quantitatively evaluate thermocouple error when the reference junction is not fixed at 0 oc, one needs limits of error for the seebeck coefficient (slope of thermocouple voltage vs. Temperature curve) for the various thermocouples. Lacking this informat...

  • Page 138

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-14 from the thermocouple output. For example, suppose the reference temperature for a measurement on a type t thermocouple is 300 oc. The compensation voltage calculated by the cr7 corresponds to a temperature of 272.6 oc, a -27.4 oc error. The type t thermocouple wit...

  • Page 139

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-15 is 100 oc and the upper limit of the extension grade wire is 200 oc. With the other types of thermocouples the reference compensation range equals or is greater than the extension wire range. In any case, errors can arise if temperature gradients exist within the j...

  • Page 140

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-16 figure 13.5-1. Circuits used with instructions 4-9.

  • Page 141

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-17 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 excitation +vx -vx 0 v measurement sequence integration integration (ms) integration a/d conversion a/d conversion figure 13.5-2. Excitation and measurement sequence for 4 wire full bridge table 13.5-1. Comparison of bridge measurement instru...

  • Page 142

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-18 table 13.5-2. Calculating resistance values from bridge measurement instr. Result instr. Multiplier and offset 4 x v r r r x s s f = + ( / ( )) r r x v x v s f x x = − / / 1 4. 59. Mult. = 1/v x ; ofs. = 0 mult. = r f r x v x v r f x x s = − 1 1 (( / ) / ( / )) / 4...

  • Page 143

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-19 13.6 resistance measurements requiring ac excitation some resistive sensors require ac excitation. These include the 207 relative humidity probe, soil moisture blocks, water conductivity sensors and wetness sensing grids. The use of dc excitation with these sensors...

  • Page 144

    Section 13. Cr7 measurements 13-20 13.7 pulse count measurements many pulse output type sensors (e.G., anemometers and flow-meters) are calibrated in terms of frequency (counts/second). For these measurements the accuracy is related directly to the accuracy of the time interval over which the pulses...

  • Page 145

    14-1 section 14. Installation 14.1 environmental enclosure, connectors and junction boxes the standard cr7 is equipped with the model enc-7f fiberglass case. During the manufacturing of the case, the base and lid are formed together to insure a perfectly matched fit. A six digit serial number is sta...

  • Page 146

    Section 14. Installation 14-2 tight seal but do require protection from thermal gradients when used for thermocouple lead wires (section 13.4). 14.2 system power requirements and options the standard cr7 is equipped with sealed lead acid battery packs and charging circuitry for accommodating (1) 120...

  • Page 147

    Section 14. Installation 14-3 battery voltage should not be allowed to drop below 11.76v before recharging; otherwise, permanent damage to the lead acid cells may occur. Csis warranty does not cover battery or cell damage resulting from deep discharge. Avoid deep discharge states by periodically mon...

  • Page 148

    Section 14. Installation 14-4 regulated solar panels (e.G., msx18r) limit voltage to approximately 14v. The cr7 solar panel input requires 15-25 vdc to charge. 14.2.3 external battery connection an external battery may be used to supplement the internal lead acid batteries of the cr7. The ground and...

  • Page 149

    Section 14. Installation 14-5 3. When the cr7 is to be located in a gas- tight enclosure or used in a gas-tight mode with the standard environmentally sealed fiberglass case, the internal lead acid batteries should be removed and an external battery substituted. 14.3 humidity effects and control the...

  • Page 150

    Section 14. Installation 14-6 20 awg wire. This transient protection is useless if there is not a good connection between the cr7 and earth ground. All dataloggers in use in the field should be grounded. A 12 awg or larger wire should be run from the grounding terminal on the left side of the i/o mo...

  • Page 151

    15-1 15. I/o card addressing and multiple i/o modules 15.1 i/o card identification number decoding each i/o card must be assigned a unique card identification number and have jumpers set for that number. The numbers allow the cards to decode signals addressed to them by the i/o module. Cr7s leave th...

  • Page 152

    Section 15. I/o card addressing and multiple i/o modules 15-2 figure 15.1-1. Position of decoding jumpers on excitation, pulse counter and analog input cards..

  • Page 153

    Section 15. I/o card addressing and multiple i/o modules 15-3 table 15.1-2. Jumper settings for excitation and pulse counter cards.

  • Page 154

    Section 15. I/o card addressing and multiple i/o modules 15-4 table 15.1-3. Jumper settings for analog input cards. 15.2 use of multiple i/o modules up to four i/o modules can be connected to one control module. Additional i/o modules may be remotely located from the control module. Two enclosures a...

  • Page 155

    Section 15. I/o card addressing and multiple i/o modules 15-5 table 15.2-2. Hardware components in sc94 component description interconnect cable (1 ea.) length of the 4-wire cable is made to order, circular connectors attached at both ends. Mating circular connector (2 ea.) one connector affixed to ...

  • Page 156

    Section 15. I/o card addressing and multiple i/o modules 15-6 a typical programming example for a cr7 system containing two i/o modules is given in the following program table. A separate power supply powers the remote i/o module. The objective of the programming example is to conduct a preliminary ...

  • Page 157

    Section 15. I/o card addressing and multiple i/o modules 15-7 figure 15.2-1. Location of jumper controlling baud rate to i/o modules.

  • Page 158

    Section 15. I/o card addressing and multiple i/o modules 15-8 figure 15.2-2. Location of i/o module jumper controlling baud rate between the i/o module and the control module.

  • Page 159

    A-1 appendix a. Glossary ascii: abbreviation for american standard code for information interchange (pronounced "askee"). A specific binary code of 128 characters represented by 7 bit binary numbers. Baud rate: the speed of transmission of information across a serial interface, expressed in units of...

  • Page 160

    Appendix a. Glossary a-2 intermediate storage: that portion of memory allocated for storing the results of intermediate calculations necessary for operations such as averages or standard deviations. Intermediate storage is not accessible to the user. Low resolution: this is the default output resolu...

  • Page 161

    Appendix a. Glossary a-3 measurement specified by a subsequent instruction. The time involved in processing the measurement data to obtain the values stored in input, intermediate, and final storage makes the throughput rate slower than the measurement sample rate. Signature: a number which is a fun...

  • Page 162

    Appendix a. Glossary a-4 this is a blank page..

  • Page 163

    B-1 appendix b. Cr7 prom signatures for systems equipped with standard software display key id data prom entry field field no. Remarks *b 01: xxxx program memory sig. A 02: 22764 10437-a control mod. Prom #8 a 03: 50101 10437-b control mod. Prom #7 a 04: 15398 10437-c control mod. Prom #6 a 05: xxxx...

  • Page 164

    B-2 this is a blank page..

  • Page 165

    C-1 appendix c. Binary telecommunications the response time and size of the input buffer of the datalogger must be accounted for when attempting to write a program to make use of the binary commands. The datalogger may delay up to 100 ms before responding to a command or between bytes in a response....

  • Page 166

    Appendix c. Binary telecommunications c-2 k the k command returns datalogger time, user flag status, port status if requested, the data at the input locations requested in the j command, and final storage data if requested by the j command. The format of the command is k (k return). The datalogger w...

  • Page 167

    Appendix c. Binary telecommunications c-3 for loop count = 1 to 24 do the following: if the msb is one, then add bit value to the mantissa. Shift the 24 bit binary value obtained from data bytes 2 to 4 one bit to the left. Multiply bit value by 0.5. End of loop. Another method that can be used as an...

  • Page 168

    Appendix c. Binary telecommunications c-4 to the telecommunications f command a 2 byte signature is sent (see below). Representing the bits in the first byte of each two byte pair as abcd efgh (a is the most significant bit, msb), the byte pairs are described below. Lo resolution format - d,e,f, not...

  • Page 169

    Appendix c. Binary telecommunications c-5 bits, 1st byte, 1st pair description cdef = 0111 code designating 1st byte pair of four byte number. B polarity , 0 = +, 1 = -. G,h,a, decimal locator as defined below. 2nd byte 16th - 9th bit (left to right) of 17 bit binary value. Abcdef = 001111 code desi...

  • Page 170

    Appendix c. Binary telecommunications c-6 this is a blank page..

  • Page 171

    D-1 appendix d. Calibration procedures the cr7 requires very little maintenance or calibration. Measurements are made in such a way that small errors in the calibration are automatically removed. Over time, shifts in the calibration are possible, however. Measurements can be made to determine whethe...

  • Page 172

    Appendix d. Calibration procedures d-2 d.2 clock calibration procedure the 700x control module contains 3, 4, or 5 cards. The cpu card has one blue connector with a ribbon cable connecting it to the 9 pin serial i/o port on the front of the cr7. The clock circuitry resides on this card. The frequenc...

  • Page 173

    Appendix d. Calibration procedures d-3 figure d.2-1. Calibration points for the analog interface card.

  • Page 174

    Appendix d. Calibration procedures d-4 figure d.2-2. Cr7x cpu card.

  • Page 175

    Lt-1 list of tables page overview ov3-1 *mode summary ................................................................................................................. Ov-8 ov3-2 key description/editing functions....................................................................................... ...

  • Page 176

    List of tables lt-2 5. Telecommunications 5.1-1 telecommunication commands ............................................................................................ 5-2 6. 9 pin serial input/output 6.1-1 pin description ................................................................................

  • Page 177

    Lf-1 list of figures page overview ov1-1 cr7 measurement and control system ............................................................................. Ov-3 ov1-2 cr7 wiring panel and associated programming instructions............................................ Ov-4 ov2-1 instruction types and s...

  • Page 178

    List of figures lf-2 page 13. Cr7 measurements 13.1-1 timing of single-ended measurement................................................................................. 13-1 13.2-1 differential voltage measurement sequence....................................................................... 13-2 ...

  • Page 179

    I-1 cr7 index -6999 9-1 -99999 9-1 * modes, see modes 1/x [instruction 42] 10-2 101 thermistor probe programming example 7-14 107 thermistor probe [instruction 11] 9-5 calculating lead lengths 13-7 programming examples 7-5 207 relative humidity probe [instruction 12] 9-5 programming example 7-5 227 ...

  • Page 180

    Cr7 index i-2 communicating with the cr7 protocol/troubleshooting 6-4 via telecommunications 5-1 with external peripherals 4-1 compiling 1-2 errors 3-9 computer baud rate, setting 6-4 saving/loading program (*d mode) 1-7 using with sc32a interface 6-3 control ports description ov-3 expansion module ...

  • Page 181

    Cr7 index i-3 full bridge with excitation compensation [instruction 9] 9-4 programming examples 7-8, 7-12 full bridge with single differential measurement [instruction 6] 9-4 full duplex, definition 6-4 g glossary a-1 ground loop influence on resistance measurements 13-19 grounding 14-5 gypsum soil ...

  • Page 182

    Cr7 index i-4 m manually initiated data transfer (*8 and *9 modes) 4-2 maximum [instruction 73] 11-3 memory allocation 1-4 automatic ram check on power-up 1-4 description of areas ov-3 erasing all 1-5 pointers 2-1 minimize [instruction 74] 11-3 minus sign (-) & (--), entering 3-1 modem 6-2 modem/ter...

  • Page 183

    Cr7 index i-5 programming displaying available program memory 1-4 entering negative numbers 3-1 examples ov-9, 7-1, 8-1 logical constructions 3-4 manual control of program execution 1-3 maximum program size 1-5 overview of instruction set ov-7 remote 5-3 saving/loading programs (*d mode) 1-7 sequenc...

  • Page 184

    Cr7 index i-6 storage modules, sm192/sm716 interrupting card transfer to 6-2 manually initiated data output (*9 mode) 4-2 operating power 4-6 output device codes for instruction 96 4-1 saving/loading program (*d mode) 1-9 use of two 4-6 storage peripherals, external 4-1 strip charts 8-5 subroutines ...

  • Page 185

    Cr7 index i-7 x x * f [instruction 37] 10-2 x * y [instruction 36] 10-2 x + f [instruction 34] 10-1 x + y [instruction 33] 10-1 x - y [instruction 35] 10-1 x / (1-x) [instruction 59] 10-6 x / y [instruction 38] 10-2 x mod f [instruction 46] 10-3 xy [instruction 47] 10-3 y year, day or time (*5 mode)...

  • Page 186

    Cr7 index i-8 this is a blank page..