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Conner CFA2161A Product Manual
Summary of CFA2161A
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Cfa2161a intelligent disk drive product manual preliminary release revision a january 1996 title: conner logo w/tag (converted)-1 creator: aldus freehand 4.0 creationdate: 5/26/94 3:17 pm 3081 zanker road san jose, ca 95134-2128 (408) 456-4500
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Fcc notice this equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used properly; that is, in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, may cause interference to radio and television reception. It has been type tested and found to comply with the limits for a...
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Important information about this manual all information contained in or disclosed by this document is considered proprietary by conner peripherals, inc. By accepting this material, the recipient agrees that this material and the information contained therein are held in confidence and in trust and w...
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Technical reference manual page i table of contents 1. Overview of the drive 1 what is the drive? 1 features of the drive 1 what the drive is composed of 2 mechanical design features 2 head-disk assembly 3 head positioning mechanism 4 read/write heads and disks 4 data and power connections 5 electri...
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Table of contents filepro cfa2161a page ii filepro cfa2161a 5. Host interface 27 about the host interface 27 signal conventions 27 signal levels 27 signal descriptions 28 ata/cam master/slave reset timing 30 host pi0 16-bit timing values 32 host demand mode dma 16-bit interface timing values 34 6. R...
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Filepro cfa2161a table of contents technical reference manual page iii write caching 75 write multiple 76 write caching 76 write sector(s) 78 write caching 79 write sector buffer 79 8. Error reporting 81 error and status detection 81 error and status messages 81 glossary 83.
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Table of contents filepro cfa2161a page iv filepro cfa2161a.
Page 9: Overview of The Drive
Technical reference manual page 1 overview of the drive 1 what is the drive? The conner filepro advantage cfa2161a is a high-performance, low-profile hard disk drive which is designed to operate with an ibm pc/at or equivalent host computer system in translate mode. The drive supports advanced ata p...
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Chapter 1 overview of the drive page 2 filepro cfa2161a • 11-byte ecc diagnostic check in read/write what the drive is composed of the drive is composed of mechanical, electrical, and firmware elements. Mechanical design features the drive’s hardware includes the components described in the followin...
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Overview of the drive chapter 1 technical reference manual page 3 head-disk assembly the head-disk assembly (hda) is housed within a die-cast aluminum base on which is mounted a die-cast aluminum cover. Both the base and the cover are manufactured using a corrosion resistant alloy. A gasket seals th...
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Chapter 1 overview of the drive page 4 filepro cfa2161a drive motor and spindle a brushless dc direct-drive motor assembly is mounted on the drive’s base. The motor rotates the drive’s spindle at 5400 rpm. The motor/spindle assembly is dynamically balanced to provide minimal mechanical runout to the...
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Overview of the drive chapter 1 technical reference manual page 5 data and power connections the drive has a single 40-pin data connector, as well as an auxiliary connector which is reserved for factory or evaluation use. The drive has a standard 4-pin power connector and may optionally have a 3-pin...
Page 15: Specifications
Technical reference manual page 7 specifications 2 specifications in this chapter this chapter defines the following specifications for the drive: • drive capacity • physical configuration • performance characteristics • read/write characteristics • reliability • power requirements • environmental t...
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Chapter 2 specifications page 8 filepro cfa2161a drive capacity formatted capacity*: • cfa2161a: 2160mb ( this is the native capacity of the drive. Refer to pages 16 and 20 for factory and jumper settings that may affect the user capacity of the drive.) * 1mb = 1 x 10 6 or 1,000,000 bytes physical c...
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Specifications chapter 2 technical reference manual page 9 performance characteristics seek times (typical)* : • track to track: 2.5 ms • average: 10.5 ms** • maximum: 22.5 ms • the timing is measured through the interface with the drive operating at nominal dc input voltage and nominal operating te...
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Chapter 2 specifications page 10 filepro cfa2161a read/write characteristics interface: • task file recording method: • 1 of 7 rll code recording density (id): • 77,900 bits per inch flux density (id): • 58,400 flux reversals per inch data transfer rate: • to/from media: 39.3 - 71.8 mbits /second • ...
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Specifications chapter 2 technical reference manual page 11 power requirements mode: * +5 volts (typical): +12 volts (typical): watts (typical): watts (maximum): read/write 325 ma 325 ma 5.5 w 5.75 w seek (30%) 525 ma 560 ma 9.3 w 9.7 w idle 300 ma 300 ma 5.1 w 5.6 w standby 85 ma 0 ma 0.425 w 0.75 ...
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Chapter 2 specifications page 12 filepro cfa2161a vibration (swept-sine, one octave per minute): • operating - 5 - 32 hz: 0.01 inch displacement; single amplitude - 32 - 400 hz: 0.5g without non-recoverable errors • non-operating - 5 - 28 hz: 0.10 inch displacement; single amplitude - 28 - 400 hz: 4...
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Specifications chapter 2 technical reference manual page 13 physical characteristics height: • 1.0 inch + .030 width: • 4.0 inches + .020 depth: • 5.75 inches + .020 weight: • 1.4 pounds max figure 2-1 the drive’s physical dimensions.
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Chapter 2 specifications page 14 filepro cfa2161a.
Page 23: How The Drive Operates
Technical reference manual page 15 how the drive operates 3 functions of the drive this chapter describes certain operational aspects of the drive, including discussions of: • drive operational modes • error correction • universal translate mode • master/slave configurations drive operational modes ...
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Chapter 3 how the drive operates page 16 filepro cfa2161a universal translate mode conner has established a universal translate mode which enables you to configure the drive in an at environment to any cylinder, head, and sector configuration desired. The translate configuration is limited by the ma...
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How the drive operates chapter 3 technical reference manual page 17 throughout this manual, drive selection always refers to the state of the drv bit and the position of the c/d jumper. Cable select this optional method of drive master/slave designation can be enabled by jumper selection as describe...
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Chapter 3 how the drive operates page 18 filepro cfa2161a.
Page 27: Installing The Drive
Technical reference manual page 19 installing the drive 4 take these precautions title: 0170 creator: freehand 3.1 creationdate: 6/9/93 10:55 am installing the drive to install the drive, you must: • set the drive’s jumpers, if desired • mount the drive • attach a data cable to the drive • attach po...
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Chapter 4 installing the drive page 20 filepro cfa2161a setting the drive’s jumpers figure 4-1 shows you how to access the drive’s jumpers. Figure 4-1 jumper locations here is how you can set these jumpers. Pins described as “reserved” should not be used. Pins: signal: description 1 and 2 c/d open: ...
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Installing the drive chapter 4 technical reference manual page 21 1. The drive can be factory set to report the full capacity of 4197 cylinders. A dos utility to change the reported capacity is also available upon request..
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Chapter 4 installing the drive page 22 filepro cfa2161a attaching a data cable to the drive attach the data cable from the host to the task file interface connector, as shown in figure 4-2. Refer to the table on the following page for pinout information. Figure 4-2 attaching a data cable title: crea...
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Installing the drive chapter 4 technical reference manual page 23 pin: signal: pin: signal: 01 - host reset 02 gnd 03 + host data 7 04 + host data 8 05 + host data 6 06 + host data 9 07 + host data 5 08 + host data 10 09 + host data 4 10 + host data 11 11 + host data 3 12 + host data 12 13 + host da...
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Chapter 4 installing the drive page 24 filepro cfa2161a attaching power to the drive the drive has a standard 4-pin dc power connector. Figure 4-3 attaching a power cable title: creato creatio caution: do not route the power cable next to the drive pcb or any other high frequency or large current sw...
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Installing the drive chapter 4 technical reference manual page 25 mounting the drive you can mount the drive either vertically or horizontally. The drive will meet all performance specifications when mounted at any orientation. Title: creato creatio caution: the surface(s) on which you mount the dri...
Page 35: Host Interface
Technical reference manual page 27 host interface 5 about the host interface the interface between the drive adapter and the drive is called the host interface. The set of registers in the i/o space of the host that are controlled through the host interface is known as the task file. The physical in...
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Chapter 5 host interface page 28 filepro cfa2161a signal descriptions the following table describes signals on the task file interface. Signal name: dir: pin: description: -host reset o 1 reset signal from the host system which is active low during power-up and inactive thereafter. Gnd o 2, 19, 22, ...
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Host interface chapter 5 technical reference manual page 29 signal name: dir: pin: description: -host io16 i 32 indication to the host system that the 16-bit data register has been addressed and that the drive is prepared to send or receive a 16-bit data word. This line is tri-state line with 24 ma ...
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Chapter 5 host interface page 30 filepro cfa2161a signal name: dir: pin: description: -dasp i 39 dasp- (drive active/slave present). This is a time-multiplexed signal which indicates that a drive is active, or that the slave is present. This signal is an open-collector output and each drive has a 10...
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Host interface chapter 5 technical reference manual page 31 description label por value soft reset value -reset width (min) t m 25µs n/a -dasp asserted (max) t s 31s 31s -dasp after reset (max) t r 450ms n/a slave diag complete (max) t q 30s 30s drive bsy (max) t b 31s 31s -dasp after -pdiag (min) t...
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Chapter 5 host interface page 32 filepro cfa2161a host pi0 16-bit timing values the values* in the table below refer to the timing diagram in figure 5-3. Symbo l parameter units min: typ max: unit: t1 a[0:2] active until -iocs16 active 20 ns t2 a[0:2] inactive until -iocs16 inactive 8 ns t3 -cs0 or ...
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Host interface chapter 5 technical reference manual page 33.
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Chapter 5 host interface page 34 filepro cfa2161a host demand mode dma 16-bit interface timing values the values* in the table below refer to the timing diagram in figure 5-4. Symbol parameter: min: max: units: t1 +dmarq low from -ior/-iow low 60 ns t2 -dack hold from -ior/-iow high 10 ns t3 -dack l...
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Technical reference manual page 35 register addresses and functions 6 host address decoding the host computer addresses the drive using programmed i/o. This method requires that: • a proper chip select be asserted • the desired register address be placed on the three host address lines (ha2 - ha0) •...
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Chapter 6 register addresses and functions page 36 filepro cfa2161a addr* -cso -cs1 ha2 ha1 ha0 read function write function 1 1 x x x no operation no operation 0 0 x x x invalid address invalid address 1 0 0 x x high impedance not used 1 0 1 0 x high impedance not used 1f0 0 1 0 0 0 data register d...
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Register addresses and functions chapter 6 technical reference manual page 37 addressing the data there are two methods of addressing the sectors on the disk drive. Cylinder-head-sector (chs) mode the first method, which is the traditional approach, uses cylinder-head-sector (chs) addressing. Most d...
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Chapter 6 register addresses and functions page 38 filepro cfa2161a descriptions of the registers the following sections describe the registers used for read and write functions. In these descriptions, unused write bits should be treated as “don’t cares” and other unused bits should be read as zeroe...
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Register addresses and functions chapter 6 technical reference manual page 39 error register port address: 1f1 chip select: -host cs0 register address: 1 function: read only description: this register contains status from the last command executed by the drive. The contents of this register are only...
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Chapter 6 register addresses and functions page 40 filepro cfa2161a features register (formerly write precomp register) port address: 1f1 chip select: -host cs0 register address: 1 function: write only description: this register was previously used to set write precompensation in non-intelligent (pr...
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Register addresses and functions chapter 6 technical reference manual page 41 cylinder low port address: 1f4 chip select: -host cs0 register address: 4 function: read/write chs description: this register contains the low-order 8 bits of the starting cylinder number for any disk access. Lba descripti...
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Chapter 6 register addresses and functions page 42 filepro cfa2161a device/head register port address: 1f6 chip select: -host cs0 register address: 6 function: read/write description: this register contains the drive and head numbers, as defined below: bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0...
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Register addresses and functions chapter 6 technical reference manual page 43 status register port address: 1f7 chip select: -host cs0 register address: 7 function: read only description: this register contains the drive/controller status. The contents of this register are updated at the completion ...
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Chapter 6 register addresses and functions page 44 filepro cfa2161a • dwf is the drive write fault bit. When there is an error, this bit is not changed until the status register is read by the host, at which time the bit again indicates the current write fault status. • dsc is the drive seek complet...
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Register addresses and functions chapter 6 technical reference manual page 45 device control register port address: 3f6 chip select: -host cs1 register address: 6 function: write only description: this register contains two control bits as follows: bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 not...
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Chapter 6 register addresses and functions page 46 filepro cfa2161a drive address register port address: 3f7 chip select: -host cs1 register address: 7 function: read only description: this register loops back the drive select and head select addresses of the currently selected drive. The bits in th...
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Register addresses and functions chapter 6 technical reference manual page 47 this i/o map defines the register addresses and functions for these i/o locations. For ease of reference, the commands are listed in alphabetical order. Command code parameters: command: b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 sc sn cy dh...
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Chapter 6 register addresses and functions page 48 filepro cfa2161a • d means only the drive parameter is valid and not the head parameter. • p is a valid bit for power commands e0 - e3 and e5 - e6. • e means the registers contain valid parameters when performing extended commands. • x = don’t care..
Page 57: Command Set
Technical reference manual page 49 command set 7 command register all commands are decoded from the command register. The drive’s host interface shall be programmed by the host computer to perform commands and will return status to the host at command completion. To issue a command, the host must: •...
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Chapter 7 command set page 50 filepro cfa2161a conner specific command number: 9a hex description: the conner drive provides vendor-unique commands to allow for certain operations not provided by the standard command set. The sector number register must be set to 9a hex and the specific command in t...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 51 get drive feature word (00) this command fetches the drive feature word and returns it in the cylinder high and cylinder low registers. The bit meaning is as follows: bit: description: 15 full capacity (2160 mb) if jumper 3&4 open 14 reduced c...
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Chapter 7 command set page 52 filepro cfa2161a execute drive diagnostic command number: 90 hex description: this command performs the internal diagnostic tests implemented by the drive. The diagnostic tests are only executed upon receipt of this command. The drive sets bsy immediately upon receipt o...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 53 identify device command number: ec hex description: this command allows the host to receive parameter information from the drive. When the command is issued, the drive sets bsy, stores the required parameter information in the sector buffer, s...
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Chapter 7 command set page 54 filepro cfa2161a word (hex) : description: 49 capabilities definitions bits 15-14 0 = (reserved) bit 13 1 = standby timer as specified in ata bit 12 0 = (reserved) bit 11 1 = iordy supported bit 10 1 = iordy can be disabled bit 9 1 = lba supported bits 8 1 = dma support...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 55 word (hex) : description: 63 bits 15-8 01 h = multiword dma transfer mode active bits 7-3 reserved for future multiword dma transfer modes** bit 2 1 = multiword dma transfer mode 2 supported 0 = multiword dma transfer mode 2 not supported bit ...
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Chapter 7 command set page 56 filepro cfa2161a word (hex) : description: 82 command set supported. If words 82 and 83 =0000 h or ffff h command set notification not supported. Bits 4-15 0 = (reserved) bit 3 1 = support power management feature set bit 2 1 = support removable feature set bit 1 1 = su...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 57 initialize device parameters command number: 91 hex description: this command enables the host to set the head switch and cylinder increment points for multiple sector operations. The drive calculates the number of available logical cylinders ...
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Chapter 7 command set page 58 filepro cfa2161a power commands command number: ex hex description: the power commands are supported on some conner drives, including the cfa2161a. If a power command is issued to a drive that does not support the power commands, an abort status will be returned to the ...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 59 all of the power commands except command e6 will execute immediately and return the ending interrupt after the spin up/down sequence is initiated. Please note that if the drive is already spinning (idle mode) and a spin-up command is issued fr...
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Chapter 7 command set page 60 filepro cfa2161a when the command is received, the drive will go busy and read the data into the buffer from the disk. When a sector is in the buffer, the drive will go not busy and activate host dma request (+dmarq) to initiate the transfer. The drive will then place d...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 61 read sector(s) command number: 2x hex description: this command will read from 1 to 256 sectors as specified in the task file (a sector count of 0 is a request for 256 sectors), beginning at the specified sector. There are four versions of thi...
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Chapter 7 command set page 62 filepro cfa2161a contain the cylinder, head, and sector number of the sector where the error occurred. The host may then read the task file to determine what error has occurred, and on which sector. A read long may be executed by setting the long bit in command code. Th...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 63 recalibrate command number: 10 hex description: this command will move the read/write heads from anywhere on the disk to cylinder 0. Upon receipt of the command, the drive sets bsy, resets dsc, and executes a seek to cylinder zero. The drive t...
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Chapter 7 command set page 64 filepro cfa2161a set features (set look ahead read) command number: ef hex description: this command is used by the host to establish the following parameters which affect the execution of certain drive features as shown below: features register contents (hex) sub comma...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 65 set multiple mode command number: c6 hex description: this command enables the controller to perform read multiple and write multiple operations and establishes the block count for these commands. Prior to command issuance, the sector count re...
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Chapter 7 command set page 66 filepro cfa2161a s.M.A.R.T. Command number: b0 hex s.M.A.R.T. Stands for self monitoring, analysis and reporting technology. This command provides access to attribute values, attribute thresholds and other low level subcommands that can be used for logging and reporting...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 67 code (hex) subcommand d2 enable/disable attribute autosave enables and disables the attribute autosave feature of the device. This feature is automatically enabled when s.M.A.R.T. Is enabled. Enable/disable attribute autosave may be set to aut...
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Chapter 7 command set page 68 filepro cfa2161a code (hex) subcommand d9 disable s.M.A.R.T. Operations this subcommand disables all s.M.A.R.T. Capabilities within the drive. After receipt of the disable smart operations subcommand the drive will disable all s.M.A.R.T. Operations. Attribute values wil...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 69 device attributes data structure the following defines the 512 bytes that make up the attribute value information. This data structure is accessed by the host in its entirety using the read attribute values subcommand. All multi-byte fields sh...
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Chapter 7 command set page 70 filepro cfa2161a individual attribute data structure the following defines the twelve bytes that make up the information for each attribute entry in the device attributes data structure. Table 7-2 - individual attribute data structure description bytes format type attri...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 71 status flags the following describes the definitions for the status flags: bit hex value description 0 0001 pre-failure/advisory bit when = 0 means an attribute value less than or equal to its corresponding attribute threshold is indicating an...
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Chapter 7 command set page 72 filepro cfa2161a data structure checksum the data structure checksum is the two's complement of the result of a simple eight-bit addition of the first 511 bytes in the data structure. Device attribute thresholds data structure the following defines the 512 bytes that ma...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 73 individual threshold data structure the following defines the twelve bytes that make up the information for each threshold entry in the device attribute thresholds data structure. Attribute entries in the individual threshold data structure mu...
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Chapter 7 command set page 74 filepro cfa2161a error reporting the execute s.M.A.R.T. Function command will terminate with an aborted command error condition under the following circumstances: • the required key values were not loaded into the cylinder high and cylinder low registers. • an invalid o...
Page 83
Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 75 write dma command number: cx hex description: this command allows the drive to perform write operations using multiword dma transfers. These are two versions of this command, as shown below: command number: command name ca hex dma write with r...
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Chapter 7 command set page 76 filepro cfa2161a write multiple command number: c5 hex description: this command performs similarly to the write sector command except that the controller sets bsy immediately upon receipt of the command, data transfers are multiple sector blocks, and the long bit is no...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 77 in addition to caching, dynamic sparing of bad sectors has been implemented for cached write commands. This ensures that cached data that has already been reported as written successfully gets written, even if an error should occur. If a secto...
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Chapter 7 command set page 78 filepro cfa2161a write sector(s) command number: 3x hex description: this command will write from 1 to 256 sectors as specified in the task file (a sector count of 0 is a request for 256 sectors), beginning at the specified sector. There are four versions of this comman...
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Command set chapter 7 technical reference manual page 79 a write long may be executed by setting the long bit in the command code. The write long command writes the data and the ecc bytes directly from the sector buffer; the drive will not generate the ecc bytes itself for the write long command. Da...
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Chapter 7 command set page 80 filepro cfa2161a.
Page 89: Error Reporting
Technical reference manual page 81 error reporting 8 error and status detection in general, status and errors are detected in the following fashion by the drive microprocessor. At the start of the execution of the command, the command register is checked for conditions that would lead to an aborted ...
Page 90
Chapter 8 error reporting page 82 filepro cfa2161a command valid bits in status register valid bits in error register set multiple err abrt s.M.A.R.T. Drdy, dwf, dsc, err abrt, idnf (refer to s.M.A.R.T. Command on page 66) write buffer err abrt write multiple drdy, dwf, dsc, err bbk, idnf, abrt writ...
Page 91: Glossary
Technical reference manual page 83 glossary 9 actuator - an electro-mechanical apparatus which is used to move one or more read/write heads attached to a common boom. Ata (at attachment) - ata defines the physical, electrical, transport, and command protocols for the internal attachment of block sto...
Page 92
Chapter 8 glossary page 84 filepro cfa2161a kilobyte - one thousand bytes, usually abbreviated as kb. The numeric system of computers is binary so kilobyte sometimes refers to 2 10 or 1024 decimal bytes. The term kilobyte used in this manual is 1000 (decimal) bytes. Lba (logical block address) - thi...
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Error reporting chapter 8 technical reference manual page 85 unrecoverable error - an unrecoverable error is defined as having occurred at any point when the device sets either the err bit to one and the bsy bit to zero in the status register when processing a command. Vs (vendor specific) - this te...