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  4. 335
  5. User Manual

Lake Shore 335 User Manual

Summary of 335

  • Page 2

    Model 335 temperature controller limited warranty statement warranty period: three (3) years 1.Lake shore warrants that products manufactured by lake shore (the "product") will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for three years from the date of purchaser's physical receipt of the prod...

  • Page 4

    Eu declaration of conformity this declaration of conformity is issued under the sole responsibility of the manufacturer. Manufacturer: lake shore cryotronics, inc. 575 mccorkle boulevard westerville, oh 43082 usa object of the declaration: model(s): 335 description: cryogenic temperature controller ...

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    Model 335 temperature controller.

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    Model 335 temperature controller 2.7  pid control   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.7.1  proportional (p)  . . . . . . . . . . ...

  • Page 10

    Model 335 temperature controller 4.6  interface  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 4.6.1  usb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

  • Page 12

    Model 335 temperature controller 8.7  factory reset menu  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  134 8.7.1  default values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

  • Page 14

    2 c hapter 1: introduction model 335 temperature controller the model 335 supports the industry’s most advanced line of cryogenic temperature sensors as manufactured by lake shore, including diodes, resistance temperature detectors (rtds), and thermocouples. The controller’s zone tuning feature allo...

  • Page 16

    Model 335 rear panel b sensor input connectors c terminal block (analog outputs and relays) d usb interface e ieee-488 interface f line input assembly g output 1 heater h output 2 heater i thermocouple option inputs 4 c hapter 1: introduction model 335 temperature controller 1.1.4 configurable displ...

  • Page 18

    Typical sensor performance example lake shore sensor temperature nominal resistance/ voltage typical sensor sensitivity 4 measurement resolution: temperature equivalents electronic accuracy: temperature equivalents temperature accuracy including electronic accuracy, calcurve and calibrated sensor el...

  • Page 20

    8 c hapter 1: introduction model 335 temperature controller 1.3.2 sensor input configuration sensor input configuration diode/rtd thermocouple measurement type 4-lead differential 2-lead differential, room temperature compensated excitation constant current with current reversal for rtds na supporte...

  • Page 21

    Output 1 type variable dc current source control modes closed loop digital pid with manual output or open loop d/a resolution 16-bit 25 ) setting 50 ) setting max power 75 w* 50 w 50 w max current 1.73 a 1.41 a 1 a voltage compliance (min) 43.3 v 35.4 v 50 v heater load for max power 25 ) 25 ) 50 ) ...

  • Page 22

    10 c hapter 1: introduction model 335 temperature controller 1.3.5 front panel display 2-line by 20-character, 9 mm character height, vacuum fluorescent display number of reading displays 1 to 4 display units k, °c, v, mv, ) reading source temperature, sensor units, max, and min display update rate ...

  • Page 24

    Safety symbols ! Direct current (power line) equipment protected throughout by double insulation or reinforces insulation (equivalent to class ii of iec 536—see annex h) caution: high voltages; danger of electric shock; background color: yellow; symbol and outline: black caution or warning: see inst...

  • Page 26

    14 c hapter 2: cooling system design and temperature control model 335 temperature controller 2.2.3 environmental conditions the experimental environment is also important when choosing a sensor. Environ- mental factors such as high vacuum, magnetic field, corrosive chemicals, or even radiation can ...

  • Page 28

    16 c hapter 2: cooling system design and temperature control model 335 temperature controller the curve handler™ application is a 32-bit microsoft® windows® application that must be installed on a windows® pc. This version works with the ieee-488 and usb computer interfaces on the model 335, and all...

  • Page 30

    Typical sensor installation in a mechanical refrigerator vacuum shroud vacuum space radiation shield second stage and sample holder thermal anchor (bobbin) cryogenic wire (small diameter, large awg) to room temperature refrigerator first stage sensor thermal anchor (bobbin) heater (wiring not shown ...

  • Page 32

    20 c hapter 2: cooling system design and temperature control model 335 temperature controller example 1: a 20 ) heater is connected to output 1, and the heater resistance setting is set to 25 ) , which can provide up to 1.41 a of current, and up to 50 v. Current limit voltage limit p = i 2 r p = v 2...

  • Page 34

    22 c hapter 2: cooling system design and temperature control model 335 temperature controller 2.6.4 thermal mass cryogenic designers understandably want to keep the thermal mass of the load as small as possible so the system can cool quickly and improve cycle time. Small mass can also have the advan...

  • Page 36

    Examples of pid control 24 c hapter 2: cooling system design and temperature control model 335 temperature controller figure 2-2.

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    26 c hapter 2: cooling system design and temperature control model 335 temperature controller 7. Gradually increase the proportional setting by doubling it each time. At each new setting, allow time for the temperature of the load to stabilize. 8. Repeat step 7 until you reach a setting in which the...

  • Page 40

    28 c hapter 2: cooling system design and temperature control model 335 temperature controller 2.10 zone tuning once the pid tuning parameters have been chosen for a given setpoint, the whole process may have to be done again for other setpoints significantly far away that have different tuning needs...

  • Page 42

    30 c hapter 3: installation model 335 temperature controller 3.3 rear panel definition this section provides a description of the model 335 rear panel connections. The rear panel consists of the input a and b sensor input connectors (#1 in figure 3-1), out- put 2 voltage output and relays 1 and 2 te...

  • Page 44

    Diode/resistor input connector details pin symbol description 1 i– –current 2 v– –voltage 3 none shield 4 v+ +voltage 5 i+ +current 6 none shield 32 c hapter 3: installation model 335 temperature controller 3.5.2 sensor lead cable the sensor lead cable used outside the cooling system can be much dif...

  • Page 46

    34 c hapter 3: installation model 335 temperature controller 3.5.6 two-lead sensor measurement there are times when crowding in a cryogenic system forces users to read sensors in a 2-lead configuration because there are not enough feedthroughs or room for lead wires. If this is the case, plus voltag...

  • Page 48

    36 c hapter 3: installation model 335 temperature controller 3.7 heater output setup the following section covers the heater wiring from the vacuum shroud to the instru- ment for both heater outputs. Specifications are detailed in section 1.3. For help on choosing and installing an appropriate resis...

  • Page 50

    38 c hapter 3: installation model 335 temperature controller 3.7.5.2 power supply setup follow all operation and safety instruction in the power supply manual during setup. Please consider the following suggestions for protecting the power supply and heater load. D short circuits are common in cryog...

  • Page 52

    40 c hapter 3: installation model 335 temperature controller.

  • Page 54

    42 c hapter 4: operation model 335 temperature controller 4.2 front panel description this section provides a description of the front panel controls and indicators for the model 335. 4.2.1 keypad definitions the keypad is divided into two sections. The direct operation section includes all keys to ...

  • Page 56

    44 c hapter 4: operation model 335 temperature controller d alpha-numeric entry: allows you to enter character data using the number pad keys, and the and keys. The input sensor name is an example of a parameter that requires alpha-numeric entry. To edit an alpha-numeric parameter, press or . Once i...

  • Page 58

    46 c hapter 4: operation model 335 temperature controller the input display modes are unique in that they can be set temporarily by pressing a or b on the front panel. After the key is pressed, the user-assignable sensor name of the respective input is displayed on the top line for 2 s, then the pri...

  • Page 60

    48 c hapter 4: operation model 335 temperature controller 4.4.1 diode sensor input setup diode sensors include the silicon and the gallium aluminum arsenide sensors detailed in table 4-6. Input ranges are selectable to 0 v to 2.5 v or 0 v to10 v, and standard excitation current is 10 µa. As an alter...

  • Page 62

    50 c hapter 4: operation model 335 temperature controller when current reversal is on, the sensor excitation current is a 10 hz square wave (5 hz for ntc rtd on the 100 k range). This square wave excitation generates a small electro- magnetic noise signal in the sensor cable, which can be picked up ...

  • Page 64

    52 c hapter 4: operation model 335 temperature controller the sensor reading of the instrument can always be displayed in sensor units. If a tem- perature response curve is selected for an input, its readings may also be displayed in temperature. Sensor curves curve number curve name sensor type mod...

  • Page 66

    54 c hapter 4: operation model 335 temperature controller 4.4.11 preferred units the preferred units parameter setting determines which units are used to display setpoint and max/min parameters whenever these parameters are displayed in any display mode. The sensor reading is also displayed in prefe...

  • Page 68

    56 c hapter 4: operation model 335 temperature controller ting will then provide multiple discrete current limit values that correspond to com- mon heater power ratings. The available current limits keep the output operating within the voltage compliance limit to ensure the best possible resolution....

  • Page 70

    58 c hapter 4: operation model 335 temperature controller 4.5.1.5 heater out display the heater output can be displayed in units of percent of full scale current or percent of full scale power. The heater output display on the front panel is displayed in these units, and the manual output parameter ...

  • Page 72

    60 c hapter 4: operation model 335 temperature controller in the monitor out mode, the control input parameter is used to determine the source of the output voltage. In the open loop mode, the control input parameter can be set simply for convenience in order to easily access the associated output’s...

  • Page 74

    62 c hapter 4: operation model 335 temperature controller 4.5.1.7.6 setpoint the setpoint parameter is used to set the desired load temperature for a control loop. Before a setpoint can be entered, a control loop must be created by configuring an input sensor and assigning it to a control output usi...

  • Page 76

    64 c hapter 4: operation model 335 temperature controller 4.5.1.7.8 heater range the heater range setting is used for turning a control output on, as well as setting the output power range for the heater outputs. Both outputs provide an off setting for turning the output off. The heater outputs in c...

  • Page 78

    66 c hapter 4: operation model 335 temperature controller a three-digit keypad lock code locks and unlocks the keypad. The default code is 123. The code can be changed only through the computer interface. If instrument parame- ters are reset to default values, the lock code resets also. The instrume...

  • Page 80

    68 c hapter 5: advanced operation model 335 temperature controller (figure 5-1). See table 5-1 for a description of the autotune stages, reasons for fail- ure, and possible solutions. When the process completes successfully, the previous p, i, and d parameters will be replaced by the newly acquired ...

  • Page 82

    Record of zone settings heater range a off a low control input a default proportional (0.1–1000) integral (0.1–1000) derivative (0–200) mhp output (0–100%) ramp rate (0.1–100 k/min) a c a med a high a d a b a a heater range a off a low control input a default proportional (0.1–1000) integral (0.1–10...

  • Page 84

    72 c hapter 5: advanced operation model 335 temperature controller 5.5.1 warm up percentage use the warm up percentage parameter to determine the voltage amount to apply to the voltage output (output 2) when using warm up mode to control an external power supply. The voltage applied will be the full...

  • Page 86

    74 c hapter 5: advanced operation model 335 temperature controller monitor out settings depend on the monitor units selected, and are limited to the acceptable values of the selected units. Default: polarity q unipolar monitor out 0 v and -10 v q 0.0000 k monitor out +10 v q 1000 k interface command...

  • Page 88

    76 c hapter 5: advanced operation model 335 temperature controller 5.7.2 relays there are two relays on the model 335 numbered 1 and 2. They are most commonly thought of as alarm relays, but they may be manually controlled also. Relay assign- ments are configurable as shown in figure 5-7. Two relays...

  • Page 90

    78 c hapter 5: advanced operation model 335 temperature controller breakpoint setting resolution is six digits in temperature. Most temperature values are entered with 0.001 resolution. Temperature values of 1000 k and greater can be entered to 0.01 resolution. Temperature values below 10 k can be e...

  • Page 92

    80 c hapter 5: advanced operation model 335 temperature controller 5.9.1.2 add a new breakpoint pair the last breakpoint of a curve is signified by the first pair that contains a 0 value for both the temperature and sensor portions. Curves are limited to 200 breakpoint pairs, so if 200 pairs already...

  • Page 94

    82 c hapter 5: advanced operation model 335 temperature controller calibration data points must be entered into the model 335. These calibration points are normally measured at easily obtained temperatures like the boiling point of cryo- gens. Each algorithm operates with one, two, or three calibrat...

  • Page 96

    84 c hapter 5: advanced operation model 335 temperature controller d point one: calibration data point at or near the boiling point of nitrogen (77.35 k). Acceptable temperature entries are 50 k to 100 k. D point two: calibration data point near room temperature (305 k). Acceptable tem- perature ent...

  • Page 98

    86 c hapter 5: advanced operation model 335 temperature controller 5.11.2 unsupported commands some commands are not supported in the model 335, regardless of the emulation mode, as the associated functions are no longer included. Although these commands are unsupported, a properly formatted reply w...

  • Page 100

    88 c hapter 5: advanced operation model 335 temperature controller.

  • Page 102

    90 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller 6.2.1 changing ieee-488 interface parameters the ieee-488 address must be set from the front panel before communication with the instrument can be established. Menu navigation: interface q enabled q ieee-488 interface q iee...

  • Page 104

    92 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller 6.2.4 status system overview the model 335 implements a status system compliant to the ieee-488.2 standard. The status system provides a method of recording and reporting instrument informa- tion and is typically used to co...

  • Page 105

    Model 335 status system 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 pon cme exe qye opc and or and and and and 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 and and and or and and and 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 and rqs mss generate service request—reset by serial poll read by *stb? 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 and or and and 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 and sta...

  • Page 106

    94 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller 6.2.4.4 status byte register the status byte register, typically referred to as the status byte, is a non-latching, read-only register that contains all of the summary bits from the register sets. The status of the summary ...

  • Page 108

    Standard event status register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 pon cme exe qye opc and or and and and and 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 8 4 2 1 standard event status register *esr? ( *esr? Reads and clears the register) standard event status enable register *ese, *ese? Not used not used not used pon cme exe qye opc not used not ...

  • Page 109

    Operation event register 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 or 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 operation condition register opst? Operation event register opstr? Operation event enable register opste, opste? Cal ramp1 ramp2 ovld alarm cal ramp1 ramp2 ovld alarm cal com com com ramp1 ramp2 atune nrdg atune nrdg atune n...

  • Page 110

    98 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller d event summary (esb), bit (5): this bit is set when an enabled standard event has occurred d message available (mav), bit (4): this bit is set when a message is available in the output buffer 6.2.6.2 service request enable...

  • Page 111

    Programming example to generate an srq command or operation description *esr? Read and clear the standard event status register *ese 32 enable the command error (cme) bit in the standard event status register *sre 32 enable the event summary bit (esb) to set the rqs *abc send improper command to ins...

  • Page 112

    100 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller 6.3 usb interface the model 335 usb interface provides a convenient way to connect to most modern computers, as a usb interface is provided on nearly all new pcs as of the writing of this manual. The usb interface is imple...

  • Page 114

    102 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller 3. It is recommended the default folder is not changed. Take note of this folder loca- tion and click next . 4. An "extraction complete" message will be displayed. Click to clear the show extracted files checkbox, and clic...

  • Page 116

    104 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller 6.3.4 communication communicating via the usb interface is done using message strings. The message strings should be carefully formulated by the user program according to some simple rules to establish effective message fl...

  • Page 118

    Command summary command function page command function page cls clear interface cmd 107 inname sensor input name cmd 117 ese event status enable register cmd 107 inname? Sensor input name query 117 ese? Event status enable register query 107 intype input type parameter cmd 118 esr? Standard event st...

  • Page 120

    108 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller esr? Standard event status register query input esr?[term] returned format nnn remarks the integer returned represents the sum of the bit weighting of the event flag bits in the standard event status register. Refer to sec...

  • Page 122

    110 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller alarm input alarm parameter command input alarm ,,,, ,, , [term] format a,n, ±nnnnnn, ±nnnnnn, +nnnnnn,n,n,n specifies which input to configure: a or b. Determines whether the instrument checks the alarm for this input, wh...

  • Page 124

    112 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller brigt? Display brightness query input brigt?[term] returned [term] format n (refer to command for description) crdg? Celsius reading query input crdg? [term] format a a or b returned [term] format ±nnnnnn remarks also see ...

  • Page 126

    114 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller dispfld custom mode display field command input dispfld ,,[term] format n,n,n specifies field (display location) to configure: 1–4. Specifies item to display in the field: 0 = none, 1 = input a, 2 = input b, 3 = setpoint 1...

  • Page 128

    116 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller htrset heater setup command input htrset ,,, rent>,,[term] format n,n,n,n,+n.Nnn,n specifies which heater output to configure: 1 or 2. Output type (output 2 only): 0=current, 1=voltage heater resistance setting: 1 = 25 ) ,...

  • Page 130

    118 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller intype input type parameter command input intype ,,,, tion>, [term] format a,n,n,n,n,n specifies input to configure: a or b specifies input sensor type: 0 = disabled 1 = diode 2 = platinum rtd 3 = ntc rtd 4 = thermocouple ...

  • Page 132

    120 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller mode remote interface mode command input mode [term] format n 0 = local, 1 = remote, 2 = remote with local lockout. Example mode 2[term] places the model 335 into remote mode with local lockout. Mode? Remote interface mode...

  • Page 134

    122 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller polarity output voltage polarity command input polarity ,[term] format n,n output for which to configure the polarity setting: 2 specifies output voltage is 0=unipolar (positive output only) or 1=bipolar (positive or negat...

  • Page 136

    124 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller relayst? Relay status query input relayst? [term] format n specifies which relay to query: 1 or 2. Returned [term] format n 0 = off, 1 = on. Scal generate softcal curve command input scal ,,,,,, value>,,[term] format n,nn,...

  • Page 138

    126 c hapter 6: computer interface operation model 335 temperature controller warmup warmup supply parameter command input warmup ,,[term] format n,n,+nnn.Nn output 2 is the only valid entry and must be included. Specifies the type of control used: 0 = auto off, 1 = continuous specifies the percenta...

  • Page 140

    128 c hapter 7: options and accessories model 335 temperature controller es-2-20 stycast® epoxy 2850-ft, catalyst 9 (20 packets, 2 g each). Stycast® is a common, highly versa- tile, nonconductive epoxy resin system for cryogenic use. The primary use for stycast® is for vacuum feedthroughs or permane...

  • Page 142

    Model rm- q rack mount kit note customer must use 5⁄ge in (2 mm) hex key to remove four existing screws from sides of instrument. Unit on right side mounting shown. Unit on left side also possible. Item description p/n qty 1 rack mount ear 107-440 1 2 rack mount support 107-442 1 3 rack mount panel ...

  • Page 144

    132 c hapter 8: service model 335 temperature controller 8.3 ieee interface troubleshooting this section provides ieee interface troubleshooting for issues that arise with new installations, old installations, and intermittent lockups. 8.3.1 new installation 1. Check the instrument address. 2. Alway...

  • Page 146

    134 c hapter 8: service model 335 temperature controller 8.7 factory reset menu it is sometimes necessary to reset instrument parameter values or to clear the con- tents of curve memory. Both are stored in nonvolatile memory called novram, but they can be cleared individually. Instrument calibration...

  • Page 148

    136 c hapter 8: service model 335 temperature controller 8.10 rear panel connector definition the sensor input, heater output, terminal block, usb, and ieee-488 connectors are defined in figure 8-3 through figure 8-7. For thermocouple connector details refer to figure 3-7. Sensor input a and b senso...

  • Page 149

    Terminal block for relays and output 2 voltage terminal block pin and connector details pin description 1 output 2+ 2 output 2– 3 relay 1 normally closed 4 relay 1 common 5 relay 1 normally open 6 relay 2 normally closed 7 relay 2 common 8 relay 2 normally open usb pin and connector details 2 1 3 4 ...

  • Page 150

    138 c hapter 8: service model 335 temperature controller 8.10.1 ieee-488 interface connector connect to the ieee-488 interface connector on the model 335 rear with cables spec- ified in the ieee-488 standard. The cable has 24 conductors with an outer shield. The connectors are 24-way amphenol 57 ser...

  • Page 152

    140 c hapter 8: service model 335 temperature controller the components on this board are electrostatic discharge sensitive (esds) devices. Follow esd procedures in section 8.11 to avoid inducing an electrostatic discharge (esd) into the device. 1. Turn the model 335 power switch off. Unplug the pow...

  • Page 154

    142 c hapter 8: service model 335 temperature controller 8.14 technical inquiries refer to the following sections when contacting lake shore for application assistance or product service. Questions regarding product applications, price, availability and shipments should be directed to sales. Questio...

  • Page 156

    144 c hapter 8: service model 335 temperature controller.

  • Page 158

    Temperature conversions °f °c k °f °c k °f °c k -459.67 -273.15 0 -292 -180 93.15 -129.67 -89.82 183.33 -454 -270 3.15 -290 -178.89 94.26 -120 -84.44 188.71 -450 -267.78 5.37 -289.67 -178.71 94.44 -119.67 -84.44 188.89 -449.67 -267.59 5.56 -280 -173.33 99.82 -117.67 -83.15 190 -441.67 -263.15 10 -27...

  • Page 160

    148 appendices model 335 temperature controller liquid helium and liquid nitrogen are potential asphyxiants and can cause rapid suffoca- tion without warning. Store and use in area with adequate ventilation. Do not vent con- tainer in confined spaces. Do not enter confined spaces where gas may be pr...

  • Page 162

    Standard dt-670 diode curve breakpoint volts temp (k) breakpoint volts temp (k) breakpoint volts temp (k) 1 0.090570 500.00 26 1.01064 87.0 51 1.19475 20.2 2 0.110239 491.0 27 1.02125 81.0 52 1.24208 17.10 3 0.136555 479.5 28 1.03167 75.0 53 1.26122 15.90 4 0.179181 461.5 29 1.04189 69.0 54 1.27811 ...

  • Page 164

    Lake shore rx-102a rox™ curve breakpoint log ) temp (k) breakpoint log ) temp (k) breakpoint log ) temp (k) 1 3.02081 40.0 36 3.05186 13.50 71 3.17838 2.96 2 3.02133 38.8 37 3.05322 13.10 72 3.18540 2.81 3 3.02184 37.7 38 3.05466 12.70 73 3.19253 2.67 4 3.02237 36.6 39 3.05618 12.30 74 3.20027 2.53 ...

  • Page 165

    Lake shore rx-202a rox™ curve breakpoint log ) temp (k) breakpoint log ) temp (k) breakpoint log ) temp (k) 1 3.35085 40.0 34 3.40482 11.45 67 3.52772 2.17 2 3.35222 38.5 35 3.40688 11.00 68 3.53459 2.04 3 3.35346 37.2 36 3.40905 10.55 69 3.54157 1.92 4 3.35476 35.9 37 3.41134 10.10 70 3.54923 1.80 ...

  • Page 166

    Type k (nickel-chromium vs. Nickel-aluminum) thermocouple curve break- point mv temp (k) break- point mv temp (k) break- point mv temp (k) break- point mv temp (k) 1 -6.45774 3.15 48 -6.10828 57.4 95 -2.95792 192 142 18.1482 714.5 2 -6.45733 3.68 49 -6.08343 59.4 96 -2.82629 196 143 19.2959 741.5 3 ...

  • Page 167

    Type e (nickel-chromium vs. Copper-nickel) thermocouple curve breakpoint mv temp (k) breakpoint mv temp (k) breakpoint mv temp (k) 1 -9.834960 3.15 55 -8.713010 77.50 109 0.701295 285.0 2 -9.834220 3.59 56 -8.646710 80.00 110 1.061410 291.00 3 -9.833370 4.04 57 -8.578890 82.50 111 1.424820 297.00 4 ...

  • Page 168

    Type t (copper vs. Copper-nickel) thermocouple curve breakpoint mv temp (k) breakpoint mv temp (k) breakpoint mv temp (k) 1 -6.257510 3.15 56 -5.424100 84.00 111 0.623032 289.00 2 -6.257060 3.56 57 -5.380600 86.50 112 0.843856 294.50 3 -6.256520 4.00 58 -5.336260 89.00 113 1.067190 300.00 4 -6.25581...

  • Page 169

    Chromel-aufe 0.03% thermocouple curve breakpoint mv temp (k) breakpoint mv temp (k) 1 -4.6667 32 -2.24537 160 2 -4.62838 6.35 33 -2.06041 170 3 -4.60347 8.15 34 -1.86182 180.5 4 -4.58043 9.75 35 -1.66004 191 5 -4.53965 12.5 36 -1.47556 200.5 6 -4.47226 16.95 37 -1.0904 220 7 -4.43743 19.3 38 -0.7339...

  • Page 170

    Chromel-aufe 0.07% thermocouple curve breakpoint mv temp (k) breakpoint mv temp (k) breakpoint mv temp (k) 1 -5.279520 3.15 35 -3.340820 115.00 69 1.313400 2 -5.272030 3.78 36 -3.253410 119.50 70 1.511140 341.50 3 -5.263500 4.46 37 -3.165360 124.00 71 1.709250 350.50 4 -5.253730 5.20 38 -3.076690 12...