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Radius PDR221 Installation & Operation Manual
Summary of PDR221
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Packet data radio installation & operation manual pdr221 radius radio network technology.
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 2 (60) contents 1 general ________________________________________________________________ 4 1.1 document history________________________________________________________________ 4 1.1.1 radius contact information ___________________...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 3 (60) 12.5 function ___________________________________________________________________ 48 12.6 network ___________________________________________________________________ 48 12.6.1 system id _______________________________________...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 4 (60) radius uk ltd unit 4e bramhall moor technology park pepper road hazel grove sk7 5bw england phone: +44 161 484 2600 fax: +44 161 484 2671 email: support.Uk@radius.Se web : www.Radius-uk.Com 1 general 1.1 document history crea...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 5 (60) 2 find your way in the manual chapter 3 gives an introduction to radius pdr221 system and some application examples . Chapter 4 contains technical specifications for the pdr221. Chapter 5 provides a quick start guide for inst...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 6 (60) 3 introduction wireless communications remains the most cost effective solution for a significant amount of modern applications. Advances in wireless technology allow data throughput and reliability to be very high and, given...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 7 (60) 3.1 typical application areas radius has been a global player in the digital data wireless market for well over a decade, helping a wide range of customers meeting their operational and financial targets. Working with very sm...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 8 (60) 3.1.1 examples of typical application networks 3.1.1.1 point-to-point 3.1.1.2 point-to-multipoint pdr plc, rtu or other devices. Control system pdr plc, rtu or other devices control system plc, rtu or other devices plc, rtu o...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 9 (60) 3.1.1.3 water/wastewater network pdr reservoir pdr waste water plant control system pump house water treatment plant.
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 10 (60) 3.1.1.4 electrical distribution network control system capacitor switch substation recloser metering points substation.
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 11 (60) 4 technical specifications radio transceiver data rates 4800…19200 bps frequency range uhf 403 to 470 mhz. Vhf 132 to 174 mhz. Other bands available on request. Frequency splits various tx/rx frequency splits configurable op...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 12 (60) 5 quick start guide pdr221 provides many extra features, which are useful for different types of applications. However, typical operation requires only a few of those. All feature configuration parameters have default values...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 13 (60) 6 glossary of terms some of the terms and abbreviations used in this product description may be unfamiliar if you are new to digital radio systems. The following glossary explains these terms, which can be helpful in underst...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 14 (60) peer-to-peer – peer-to-peer is a communications model in which each party has the same capabilities and any party can initiate a communication session. Other models with which it might be compared to, include the client/serv...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 15 (60) 7 the pdr221 radio transceiver functionality this chapter describes the pdr221 radio functionality. 7.1 pdr221 operation blocks the figure below shows the basic building blocks of the pdr221. Rs232 to rf serial data is recei...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 16 (60) 7.4 radio receiver sensitivity the receiver sensitivity depends on the frequency used, channel spacing, 12.5 / 25 khz, and the data speed, 4800, 9600 or 19200 bps. The receiver sensitivity is measured by attenuating a known ...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 17 (60) rssi 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 -130 -120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 dbm v 7.6 rssi – received signal strength indication the rssi value can be used to determine the quality of a radio link. The rssi values can b...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 18 (60) 7.7 differences between pdr221 models all models of the pdr221 are very similar in appearance and functionality. The only differences are in frequency coverage, channel bandwidth and radio data speed. The table below summari...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 19 (60) 7.8 communication the system distinguishes between direct slaves and slaves via repeater . A direct slave can only receive data from, and transmit data to, the master in the system. A slave via repeater can only receive data...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 20 (60) when a repeater is part of the system, as in figure 5, then all slaves, which will communicate directly to the master, should be configured as slave with repeater delay . The slaves that will communicate via a repeater shoul...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 21 (60) 7.9 peer-to-peer the pdr221 also offers peer-to-peer communication. When a unit is transmitting, all units receive the message and then transmit the message on their serial interface. When using as a peer-to-peer radio syste...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 22 (60) 8 operating the pdr221 8.1 led indicators and connectors figure 2. Packet data radio 221. Name description a earth/ground connection for connection to the system’s earth/ground (internally connected to pwr negative (-) pole....
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 23 (60) 8.2 collision avoidance collision avoidance is used in systems operating with unsolicited messaging / report by exception, meaning that it is a not strictly polled, (request/reply), system. If events occur simultaneously at ...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 24 (60) the min and max times allow one to configure different values at each site to totally avoid radio collisions during instances of cascading events. Note! Many dnp3 rtu’s have internal collision avoidance mechanisms. Those mus...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 25 (60) 8.3 remote frequency change the pdr221 provides a function to change the radio network frequency/frequencies remotely, without having to visit all radio sites. The function is executed from the designated master radio, via t...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 26 (60) 8.7 split transmitting and receiving frequencies if desired, the pdr221 can be configured to operate with separate tx and rx frequencies. For example, the master can be configured to transmit at 142.000 mhz and to receive at...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 27 (60) 8.8 split tx uplink frequency radius transceivers allow users to select half-duplex or simplex operation, or a combination. For example where the master is situated at a shared communications site, it will be often essential...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 28 (60) 9 installation 9.1 general the installation of radio systems requires careful design and material selection due to the fact that radio systems are more sensitive to interference and cause more interference than other types o...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 29 (60) _ + + _ 9.3 battery power supply if a re-chargeable battery is to be used, the connection shall be made as follows; note! The battery input shall only be used for non-rechargeable batteries. + -- battery power supply.
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 30 (60) 9.4 serial interface the pdr221 is connected to the control system / rtu via the rs-232 interface. The serial data transmission is full duplex with selectable data speeds between 600 and 19200 bps, with or without parity. Se...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 31 (60) cable type 2 cable type 3 cable type 4 cable type 5 cable type 6 cable type 1 9.4.2 serial cable configurations db9f = d-sub, 9 pin, female db9m = d-sub, 9 pin, male db25f = d-sub, 25 pin, female db25m = d-sub, 25 pin, male ...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 32 (60) cable type 7 cable type 8 cable type 9 cable type 10 cable type 11 cable type 12 9.4.2.2 dce – dce figure 4. Dce-dce serial cable configurations dcd 1 ⊃ rd 2 ⊃ td 3 ⊃ dtr 4 ⊃ dsr 6 ⊃ rts 7 ⊃ cts 8 ⊃ ri 9 ⊃ gnd 5 ⊃ ⊂ 1 dcd ⊂ ...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 33 (60) 9.4.3 eom – end of message - detection the pdr221 detects the end of the serial message either by using the rts signal from the connected device or by measuring the time between received characters. If handshaking with rts i...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 34 (60) 9.5 cabinet mounting 9.5.1 pdr 221 mounted in cabinet if the pdr221 can be delivered mounted in a cabinet. Below is an example. Figure 5. Pdr 121 mounted in cabinet. Object name description a pdr221 data radio. B connection ...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 35 (60) 10 accessories radius provides a wide range of accessories and spare parts for radios and radio network installations. All equipments have been tested to be appropriate for use with radius radios and have been selected by pe...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 36 (60) 11 radio networking this chapter general radio network equipment, terms and how to calculate a “radio link budget”. This information can be useful when planning a radio network, but is not essential for using the pdr221. 11....
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 37 (60) 11.1.2 antenna types there are basically two categories of antennas, omni-directional and directional. An omni- directional antenna radiates in all directions. A directional antenna radiates in one direction only. An omni-di...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 38 (60) 11.1.2.2 omni-directional antenna here is an example of an omni-directional antenna. In this case it is a ground plane antenna. 11.1.3 antenna gain versus radio output power increasing the receiver sensitivity by 3dbm is equ...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 39 (60) 11.2 fade margin fade margin is an expression for how much margin - in db - there is between the received signal strength level and the receiver sensitivity of the radio. The figure below describes the term fade margin. Site...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 40 (60) 11.3 radio link calculations this section contains some useful formulas for radio “link budget” calculations. Note that the calculations are based on assumptions of certain circumstances and should only be used as a guidelin...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 41 (60) example 1 d = 12.5 miles (20 kilometres) f = 142.000 mhz ht = 65 feet (20 meters) hr = 16 feet (5 meters) a = 117 + 40 x log 12.5 + 20 x log 142 – 20 x log( 65 x 16 ) 117 + 43.8764 + 43.0457 – 60.3406 = 143.6db this example ...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 42 (60) example 1 is the radio link theoretically possible? Calculation of fade margin fm; distance = 3 miles (5km) antenna height 1 = 65 feet (20 meters) antenna height 2 = 16 feet (5 meters) radio tx power = 33 dbm (2w) radio rx s...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 43 (60) ex4: f = 142mhz distance = 40 0000 meters (40 km) (24.8 miles) -> λ = c/f = 300/142 = 2.11m fsl = 20*log(2.11/4 π *40 000) = -107.5db ex1: f = 460mhz distance = 10 000 meters (10 km) (6.2 miles) -> λ = c/f = 300/460 = 0.65m ...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 44 (60) 11.3.2.1 radio link budget fm = srx + ptx + gtx + fsl + grx – cl this fomula can be used to calculate any of the factors within. Fm = fade margin (see chapter 11.2). Srx = sensitivity of the receiver (dbm) (using +dbm instea...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 45 (60) 12 configuration 12.1 equipment configuration of the pdr221 is performed via the rbus interface using the radius progint cable and a standard communication program, like windows hyperterminal. The terminal program needs to b...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 46 (60) 12.3 configuration menus overview see 12.9, page 51. See 12.8, page 50. See 12.7, page 49. See 12.5, page 48. Packet data radio – pdr221 copyright radius sweden ab software: pdr221s v1.0 build jul 14 2004 an:124356-1 swno:51...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 47 (60) see 12.10, page 53. Current configuration : function : master system id : 01 radio id : 02 serial : 9600 8n1 inter character timeout : 100 ms use rts : 0 ms pre dcd : 0 ms collision avoidance delay : off collision avoidance ...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 48 (60) 12.4 configuration menus after pressing ‘c’, the main menu is displayed. To enter a sub menu, enter the number, or letter, to the left of the menu name. 12.5 function operation mode selection; master, slave, slave via repeat...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 49 (60) 12.6.3 repeat alternative systems this feature allows a radio to repeat messages in a parallel pdr network. Four parallel system id’s can be configured. If the radio receives a message from a parallel system and its system i...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 50 (60) 12.8 radio the radio menu contains collision avoidance settings and various test functions. 12.8.1 collision avoidance delay the collision avoidance delay is used for radio units operating in unsolicited communication networ...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 51 (60) 12.9 advanced the advanced menu is password protected. Only, by the system owner, authorized persons shall have access to this menu since the frequency and output power of the radio can be changed here. 12.9.1 detected radio...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 52 (60) 12.9.8 tx power level the transmitter power level can be adjusted between 10…33 dbm / 0.01…2.0 w in steps of 1 dbm by using the + / - keys. Note! Vhf radio modules tx power level range is limited to 20…33 dbm / 0.1…2.0 w. 12...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 53 (60) 12.9.12 terminal bitrate the default terminal interface speed is 57600 bps. This can be changed to 1200 or 9600 bps if required. Note that the change will have immediate effect. 12.10 list configuration list configuration di...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 54 (60) 13 radio test functions 13.1 bit error rate test this function tests the connection data quality directly between two radios without repeater radios in the radio system. The attenuator att-4 is serially connected to the radi...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 55 (60) figure 10 describes a bit error rate test between the master and the slave with the identity 02. Bit error rate tests can be carried out between all radio types. Bit error rate test attenuator detected radio id: 02 uuuuuuuuu...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 56 (60) 13.2 communication test the communication test is used to test complete communication path between two radio units in the network. Five attempts are carried out per test. If acknowledge is received from the opposite radio, p...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 57 (60) 13.3 radio link test the radio link test is used to check the rssi levels (received signal strength indication) and the tx power levels of the radios on a chosen link in the radio network. Radio link test radio id : 01 path ...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 58 (60) 14 trouble shooting 14.1 trouble shooting the pdr if installed according to chapter 4 in this description together with system specific documents, the radio system shall work satisfactory. However, if problems should occur, ...
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 59 (60) appendixa – pdr 221 layout drawing.
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Radius product description pdr221 iom_pdr221_04_r02.Doc rev 02 page 60 (60) reference document description [ 1 ] antennas antenna equipment - installation description [ 2 ] maintman maintenance manual [ 3 ] [ 4 ].