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WaveRider LMS4000 User Manual

Manual is about: 900 MHz Radio Network

Summary of LMS4000

  • Page 1

    Lms4000 900 mhz radio network user guide apcd-lm043-4.0

  • Page 2: Software License Agreement

    Waverider communications inc. Software license agreement this is a legal agreement between you (either an individual or an entity) and waverider communications inc. For the use of waverider computer software, hereinafter the “licensed software”. By using the licensed software installed in this produ...

  • Page 3

    The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies or organizations: microsoft windows nt 4.0 workstation (with service pack 6a), microsoft access, microsoft sql server, microsoft sql agent / microsoft corporation vircom vop radius server / vircom inc. Castlerock snm...

  • Page 4: Warranty

    Warranty in the following warranty text, “waverider®” shall mean waverider communications inc. This waverider product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from the date of purchase. During this warranty period waverider will, at its option, either rep...

  • Page 5: Contents

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 v contents contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

  • Page 6

    Vi apcd-lm043-4.0 4.3 network address translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 5 radio network planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 5.1 design methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

  • Page 7

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 vii 8.5 configuring snmp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 8.6 configuring the customer list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 9 installing the eum . . . . . . . ....

  • Page 8

    Viii apcd-lm043-4.0 appendix a specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 appendix b factory configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 appendix c command-line syntax . . . . . . . ...

  • Page 9: Figures

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 ix figures figure 1 quick startup — ccu configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 figure 2 quick startup — eum configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 figure 3 quick startup — ping test (from console port) . . . ....

  • Page 10

    X apcd-lm043-4.0 figure 34 eum leds and connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 figure 35 ccu leds and connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 figure 36 ethernet leds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

  • Page 11: Tables

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 xi tables table 1 console settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 table 2 quick startup — eum addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 table 3 ccu configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

  • Page 12

    Xii apcd-lm043-4.0 table 34 remote troubleshooting — ccu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 table 35 local troubleshooting — ccu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 table 36 general network problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

  • Page 13

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 xiii table 72 waverider ccu registration table mib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 table 73 waverider ccu authorization table mib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 table 74 waverider ccu authorization table mib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

  • Page 14

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  • Page 15: Preface

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 xv preface about this manual waverider recommends that you read the following sections before proceeding with the instructions in this guide: • software license agreement on page ii • warranty on page iv • warnings and advisories on page xvii • conventions on page xv note: the informa...

  • Page 16: Regulatory Notices

    Xvi apcd-lm043-4.0 regulatory notices this device has been designed to operate with several different antenna types. The gain of each antenna type shall not exceed the maximum antenna system gain as given in appendix d on page 181 . Antennas having a higher gain are strictly prohibited by industry c...

  • Page 17: Warnings And Advisories

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 xvii operational requirements ccu and eum in accordance with the fcc part 15 regulations: 1. The maximum peak power output of the intentional radiator shall not exceed one (1) watt for all spread spectrum systems operating in the 902 to 928mhz band. This power is measured at the anten...

  • Page 18: Customer Support

    Xviii apcd-lm043-4.0 warning! To comply with fcc rf exposure limits, the antennas for the ccu must be fix-mounted on outdoor permanent structures to provide a separation distance of 2m or more from all persons to satisfy rf exposure requirements. The distance is measured from the front of the antenn...

  • Page 19: Introduction

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 1 1 introduction the lms4000 system provides 900mhz and 2.4ghz wireless. High-speed internet connectivity to business and residential subscribers. This manual, which is specific to the lms4000 900mhz radio network, provides the following information: • a detailed description of the op...

  • Page 20

    1 introduction 2 apcd-lm043-4.0 channel. Even with large numbers of subscribers, end users generally perceive that they have the entire channel to themselves. • grade of service support: the polling mac supports up to four end-user grades of service, which allows the system operator to segment servi...

  • Page 21

    1 introduction apcd-lm043-4.0 3 • snmp support: using waverider-supplied snmp mibs, network operators can integrate the lms4000 with their existing network management system to allow monitoring of ccus and eums from an existing and/or centralized snmp manager. Once snmp is configured, the operator c...

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  • Page 23: Quick Startup

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 5 2 quick startup this section outlines the procedure for setting up a very simple lms4000 900 mhz radio network consisting of one ccu and one eum. This simple network, which can be set up in a lab environment, helps you become familiar with basic lms4000 configuration and operation. ...

  • Page 24

    2 quick startup 6 apcd-lm043-4.0 2.2 equipment setup 1. Remove the equipment from the boxes and set up the physical configuration shown in figure 1 . Use this setup procedure to configure the ccu, while keeping the following points in mind: • maintain the order of installation shown in figure 1 . • ...

  • Page 25

    2 quick startup apcd-lm043-4.0 7 2.3 ccu configuration 1. Start the pc terminal emulation software. You will receive the following prompt: waverider communications, inc. Lms3000 password: the default password is a carriage return. Console> the default prompt on your ccu is the ccu ethernet mac addre...

  • Page 26

    2 quick startup 8 apcd-lm043-4.0 2.4 eum configuration 1. Connect the pc to the console port of the eum, as shown in figure 2 . Figure 2 quick startup — eum configuration 2. Start the terminal emulation software. 3. Type the following commands to configure the eum: waverider communications, inc. Lms...

  • Page 27

    2 quick startup apcd-lm043-4.0 9 5. Confirm that the eum has been properly configured, as follows: console> ip ethernet/usb ip address: 10.0.0.2 ethernet/usb net mask : fffffc00 gateway ip address: 10.0.0.1 console> radio rf power: high radio frequency: 9150 console> 2.5 testing ccu–eum communicatio...

  • Page 28

    2 quick startup 10 apcd-lm043-4.0 64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=6. Time=16. Ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=7. Time=64. Ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=8. Time=64. Ms ----10.0.0.1 ping statistics---- 8 packets transmitted, 8 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip (ms) min/avg/max = 1...

  • Page 29

    2 quick startup apcd-lm043-4.0 11 2.6 connecting the quick startup to the internet once you have verified that the ccu and eum are communicating properly, you may want to to connect the quick startup system to the internet. To connect to the internet 1. Connect the pc to the ethernet port of the eum...

  • Page 30

    2 quick startup 12 apcd-lm043-4.0 4. Select use the following dns server address (the exact wording depends on your operating system), and enter the ip address for the preferred dns server, which is available from your network administrator. 5. Connect the ccu ethernet port to the appropriate networ...

  • Page 31: Detailed Description

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 13 3 detailed description this section describes the technologies and features used in the lms4000 900 mhz radio network. 3.1 lms4000 overview figure 6 is a high-level schematic of the lms4000 system, showing the key system components and interfaces. As shown, each lms4000 component i...

  • Page 32

    3 detailed description 14 apcd-lm043-4.0 network access point (nap) the nap provides the internet connection point for one or more caps. An lms4000 system can have more than one nap. The number of naps depends on the geographical layout of the lms4000 system and the location of available internet ac...

  • Page 33

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 15 • transmission line • antenna • ethernet switch each of the above components is discussed in the following sections. Ccu the ccu, shown in figure 7 , is the wireless access point for up to 300 end-user modems. The functional blocks of the ccu are illustrated ...

  • Page 34

    3 detailed description 16 apcd-lm043-4.0 the ccu routes ip packets received from the ccu radio port • to internal ccu processes, • through the ccu ethernet port to any router on the ethernet network, such as the network access point, or • back out the radio port to other eums (eum-to-eum packets). T...

  • Page 35

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 17 cavity filters waverider recommends the use of cavity filters with all ccus and is mandatory if colocated with other ccus. Cavity filters help to isolate the ccu from inband interferers, such as colocated ccus or non-waverider ism band equipment, as well as o...

  • Page 36

    3 detailed description 18 apcd-lm043-4.0 settings as the failed ccu. In this way, the cap can be provisioned for n+1 redundancy, meaning there is one backup ccu for ‘n’ operating ccus, up to a maximum of n=3. Figure 10 rfsm rf distribution panel the optional rf distribution panel provides • external...

  • Page 37

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 19 3.3.2 eum the eum, shown in figure 11 , is a wireless modem that connects to the end-user’s computer through an ethernet connection. The eum, which acts as a network bridge, receives data from the ccu over the 900 mhz radio link, and then forwards this data t...

  • Page 38

    3 detailed description 20 apcd-lm043-4.0 eum antenna for many eum installations, you can use an indoor antenna. Waverider recommends the waverider directional antenna with switched-beam diversity. This antenna, shown in figure 12 , performs very well in cases where the radio path to the ccu is obstr...

  • Page 39

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 21 the waverider diversity antenna contains two vertical antenna elements mounted inside and on either side of the antenna housing. The phasing between these elements, which modifies the antenna pattern, is controlled by a dc voltage from the eum. It produces tw...

  • Page 40

    3 detailed description 22 apcd-lm043-4.0 lightning arrestor a lightning arrestor is required at the eum only if an outdoor antenna is used. 3.4 basic operation 3.4.1 lms4000 transmission concept conceptually, the lms4000 900 mhz radio network can be thought of as an ethernet switch with a built-in r...

  • Page 41

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 23 table 3 ccu configuration table 4 eum configuration basic ccu settings advanced ccu settings before the system can pass traffic, input or modify the following ccu parameters: • ccu ethernet ip address • ccu radio ip address • gateway router ip address • radio...

  • Page 42

    3 detailed description 24 apcd-lm043-4.0 table 5 end-user pc configuration 3.4.3 lms4000 protocol stacks the lms4000 900 mhz radio network is an ip (layer 3) network that provides connectivity from the end-user’s computer to the internet. Figure 15 shows the protocol stacks through which an ip packe...

  • Page 43

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 25 eum registration eums need to register with the ccu before user traffic can pass between the lms4000 900 mhz radio network and the end user. The heart of eum registration is the authorization table, discussed in authorization table (ccu only) on page 189. The...

  • Page 44

    3 detailed description 26 apcd-lm043-4.0 addressing of ip packets figure 16 shows how the source and destination mac and ip addresses are sent in ip packets travelling between the end-user’s pc and the internet network servers. Figure 16 addressing of ip packets as shown in figure 16 , if nat is not...

  • Page 45

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 27 5. If the route to the destination is through the ccu radio port, then the ccu obtains the destination ethernet mac address from the arp table, described in arp table (ccu and eum) on page 187. If the destination is not listed in the arp table, the ccu obtain...

  • Page 46

    3 detailed description 28 apcd-lm043-4.0 10. If the ip address is the same as either the ccu radio or ethernet ip address, the packet is forwarded to the ccu application; otherwise, the ccu gets the appropriate gateway ip address from the routing table and the gateway mac address from the arp table,...

  • Page 47

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 29 the channel bandwidth also determines the minimum adjacent channel spacing for colocated ccus. Channels there are 101 channels in the band, set in 0.2 mhz increments: table 6 lms4000 900mhz radio network channelization modulation the ccu-eum radio channel is ...

  • Page 48

    3 detailed description 30 apcd-lm043-4.0 • interference suppression: the same mechanism that de-spreads the desired signal in the receiver, spreads undesired signals, which then appear to the receiver as lower levels of rf noise. This effect is illustrated in figure 18 . Figure 18 effect of despread...

  • Page 49

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 31 the ccu and eum transmit power can each be set to +15 dbm (low power setting) to address special or regional applications of the lms4000, or for bench testing. Receive sensitivity the receive sensitivity (received signal required to attain a raw data ber of 1...

  • Page 50

    3 detailed description 32 apcd-lm043-4.0 nlos exists when the path between the ccu and eum is obstructed, or partially obstructed, by terrain, buildings, or foliage. Nlos is illustrated in figure 19 . Since radio waves reflect, refract, and diffract, a non line of sight path does not necessarily mea...

  • Page 51

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 33 to illustrate the impact that proper siting of the ccu has on the lm4000 radio coverage, consider the three cases shown in figure 20 . Figure 20 examples of radio paths • case 1 is a clear, unobstructed path between the ccu and the eum, with full fresnel clea...

  • Page 52

    3 detailed description 34 apcd-lm043-4.0 you can predict the amount of path loss for each of these cases, as illustrated in figure 21 . Figure 21 path loss calculation as shown in figure 21 , the path loss for each case is quite different: • case 1 (unobstructed path): over the length of the path, t...

  • Page 53

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 35 the following key conclusions that can be drawn from the simple example and analysis shown above: • coverage range and fade margins are maximum when paths are clear and unobstructed. • coverage range and fade margins are reduced for specific eums if there is ...

  • Page 54

    3 detailed description 36 apcd-lm043-4.0 3.5.2 mac layer (polling mac) eum states the lms4000 900 mhz radio network data transmission is based on a waverider’s patented polling algorithm, which takes advantage of patterns found in typical internet usage. Based on the eum’s subscribed grade of servic...

  • Page 55

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 37 if an eum is issued a deregistration request, for any reason, or if it has no traffic for an extended period of time, 12 hours or so, its state changes back to unregistered. Basic operation of the polling mac the media access control (mac) layer determines wh...

  • Page 56

    3 detailed description 38 apcd-lm043-4.0 have most of the channel bandwidth to themselves. This over-subscription model is the basis of ethernet, docsis cable networks, 802.11 radio networks, bluetooth, and on a larger scale, the public switched telephone network. If a significant portion of the net...

  • Page 57

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 39 grade of service (gos) in the polling mac, the grade of service (gos) determines how often, and when, an associated eum is polled. Since the eum can only send one packet each time it is polled, the data rate is related to the polling rate. Operational objecti...

  • Page 58

    3 detailed description 40 apcd-lm043-4.0 in determining the order in which to poll the eums, the ccu tries to • ensure consecutive polls of an eum occur within the range defined by the eum's grade of service, • maintain the average time between polls defined by the grade of service, and • divide the...

  • Page 59

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 41 table 8 factory default gos configuration file note: while recognizing that the performance of data transmission through packet radio networks is randomly dependent on many variables, typical ftp rates based on empirical data are included in the table to demo...

  • Page 60

    3 detailed description 42 apcd-lm043-4.0 transmit queue limits ccu transmit buffer space is a limited resource shared between the eums. If more traffic is received at the ccu for transmission to an eum than can actually be transmitted to it, that eum might eventually use up all available ccu buffer ...

  • Page 61

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 43 to illustrate the output of the model, consider the following example. First of all, make the following general assumptions: • lms4000 900 raw channel rate is mhz 2.75 mbps • there are no channel errors • servers are fast and do not present a bottleneck • the...

  • Page 62

    3 detailed description 44 apcd-lm043-4.0 performance based on the number of eums that are associated at any given time, as is illustrated in figure 24 .. Figure 24 associated eums — 100 eums, 60 kbyte http every 2 minutes of the 100 eums, each is associated at random times and for random intervals, ...

  • Page 63

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 45 by increasing the number of eums to 300 and maintaining the same level of traffic per eum, the modelled performance becomes figure 25 net throughput per eum — 300 eums, 60 kbyte http every 2 minutes from figure 25 , each of the 300 end users can expect a net ...

  • Page 64

    3 detailed description 46 apcd-lm043-4.0 all of these charts illustrate that many (lms4000) users can share the limited bandwidth of the channel, yet most of the time, each perceives that they have most of the channel to themselves. Atypical applications the polling mac has been optimized for normal...

  • Page 65

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 47 • pings (interval is typically 1 second): waverider recommends the operator avoid running applications that generate a lot of pings, such as what’s up gold. • network gaming (interval is typically 0.25 seconds): waverider can provide a gos class for managing ...

  • Page 66

    3 detailed description 48 apcd-lm043-4.0 the call may be affected as other users become associated, increasing the polling interval beyond 20 ms. Since the grade of service applies to an eum and not to an individual service, a voip user would have to be given a very high grade of service, to the pos...

  • Page 67

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 49 the gateway router can provide dhcp server functionality, or you can implement a dedicated dhcp server, as shown in figure 27 . Figure 27 dhcp relay 3.6.2 port filtering the ccu and eum both support tcp and udp port filtering. The ip protocol suite is made up...

  • Page 68

    3 detailed description 50 apcd-lm043-4.0 3.6.3 sntp/utc time clock the simple network time protocol (sntp)/utc feature provides lms4000 devices with an accurate clock for time stamping events in the log file. Sntp/utc time clock operation is illustrated in figure 28 . Figure 28 sntp/gmt time clock t...

  • Page 69

    3 detailed description apcd-lm043-4.0 51 caution: the local host entry, 127.0.0.1, is required to avoid the problem where the ccu cannot find a real ntp server (i.E., if the network is down). 3.6.4 customer list for each eum, the system operator can control the number of end-user computers that can ...

  • Page 70

    3 detailed description 52 apcd-lm043-4.0 caution: by convention, most equipment ships with the default community strings defined in table 9 . Waverider recommends that you change the community strings before you bring the lms4000 equipment online, so that outsiders cannot see information about the i...

  • Page 71: Ip Network Planning

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 53 4 ip network planning this section describes a plan for assigning ip addresses to lms4000 900 mhz radio network components. 4.1 lms4000 ip addressing before discussing ip planning, there are a few concepts that are worth reviewing. The first concept is that in the lms4000 900 mhz r...

  • Page 72

    4 ip network planning 54 apcd-lm043-4.0 the second concept is the segmentation of the lms4000 network into distinct subnets, as illustrated in figure 29 . Figure 29 lms4000 subnets routers isolate the subnets from each other or from the internet. The router application isolates the ccu radio subnets...

  • Page 73

    4 ip network planning apcd-lm043-4.0 55 • cap-nap backhaul equipment, if provisioned • cap and nap ups, if provisioned • ethernet switches • snmp manager, if provisioned • gateway (nap) router ethernet port the number of caps is limited by the capacity of the gateway (nap) router. Waverider suggests...

  • Page 74

    4 ip network planning 56 apcd-lm043-4.0 cap15, ccu03 ethernet port 192.168.10.237 /24 • as noted above, the ip addressing plan for each ccu radio subnet should allow for growth to a maximally equipped system. Providing 601 ip addresses on the same subnet requires a subnet with a 22-bit mask, for exa...

  • Page 75

    4 ip network planning apcd-lm043-4.0 57 4.3 network address translation the following address translation alternatives are listed for reference purposes. Choose the best alternative for your system. Your choice depends on the number of available registered ip addresses. It also depends on the nature...

  • Page 76

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  • Page 77: Radio Network Planning

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 59 5 radio network planning an important task in the implementation of lms4000 900mhz radio networks is rf system planning and design. Whether you are deploying a single ccu or a complex multi-cap, multi- ccu network, proper system design is necessary to provide and maintain high-qual...

  • Page 78

    5 radio network planning 60 apcd-lm043-4.0 in all cases, these wide-ranging factors drive the system design and as a result, no two systems will be implemented the same way. The design methodology presented in this chapter uses a building-block approach. If the system you are designing is based on a...

  • Page 79

    5 radio network planning apcd-lm043-4.0 61 the spectrum. Keep in mind that one of the major attractions of the ism band is the fact that it is license free; as such, it is shared spectrum. To regulate the band, regulatory bodies, such as fcc and industry canada, require that new operators in the ban...

  • Page 80

    5 radio network planning 62 apcd-lm043-4.0 figure 30 shows an actual spectral sweep, recorded using a spectrum analyzer as part of a spectral survey, which shows the location of the cellular and paging transmitters in relation to the ism band. Note the relative levels of the interfering signals. Fig...

  • Page 81

    5 radio network planning apcd-lm043-4.0 63 approach would be to assign a higher frequency to sector a, such as 915 mhz or 925 mhz. Figure 31 network design in the presence of out-of-band interference 5.2.5 using bandpass filters at cap sites waverider provides high-quality, specially designed bandpa...

  • Page 82

    5 radio network planning 64 apcd-lm043-4.0 engineer, as specified in appendix a specifications, the minimum separation between colocated channels is 6.6 mhz (an orthogonal adjacent channel) and requires a c/i ratio of 50 db or better for non-interfering ccu operation. Once the antenna system gains a...

  • Page 83

    5 radio network planning apcd-lm043-4.0 65 the location of the cap site in relation to the serving area determines whether the site will be a corner- or center-illuminated cell. Figure 32 illustrates the difference between these two methods of illumination. Figure 32 corner- and center-illuminated c...

  • Page 84

    5 radio network planning 66 apcd-lm043-4.0 configuration would triple the traffic-handling capacity of the site. Figure 33 illustrates the sectoring of a previously center-illuminated omnidirectional cell. Figure 33 sectored cell corner i llumination corner illumination is generally used when it is ...

  • Page 85

    5 radio network planning apcd-lm043-4.0 67 multiple users, likely generates a lot more daytime traffic than a simple residential service used for web browsing and email. In summary, the network design engineer must be aware of the intended use of the system — the customer profile, tariff rates, and ...

  • Page 86

    5 radio network planning 68 apcd-lm043-4.0 information). Throughout this manual, however, waverider has referred to the standard frequency set shown in table 11 . Table 11 standard frequency set the standard frequency set represents a convenient and safe set of frequency assignments. The frequencies...

  • Page 87

    5 radio network planning apcd-lm043-4.0 69 as an example, consider the frequency plan shown in table 13 . Table 13 sample frequency plan — multi-cap design in table 13 , frequency set a uses the minimum frequency spacing that should be considered for a single cap site, 6.6mhz. Frequency set a’ repre...

  • Page 88

    5 radio network planning 70 apcd-lm043-4.0 provide enough time and resources for the engineering team to verify the design in the field through testing and signal-level measurements. Once you have established your cap sites on the air, you can verify received signal levels throughout the network usi...

  • Page 89

    5 radio network planning apcd-lm043-4.0 71 5.3.6 summary of rf design guidelines a summary of guidelines presented in this chapter can be found in table 14 . Table 14 summary of rf design guidelines do do not • do read and understand this chapter before you start your system design activity. • do co...

  • Page 90

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  • Page 91

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 73 6 installation/diagnostic tools the ccu and eum are equipped with the following features that facilitate unit installation, operation, maintenance, monitoring, and diagnostics: • indicators and connectors on page 74 • command-line interface on page 76 • eum configuration utility on...

  • Page 92

    6 installation/diagnostic tools 74 apcd-lm043-4.0 6.1 indicators and connectors the ccu and eum are equipped with led indicators that provide a visual indication of the status of the unit and its interfaces. The eum led indicators are illustrated in figure 34 , the ccu led indicators in figure 35 , ...

  • Page 93

    6 installation/diagnostic tools apcd-lm043-4.0 75 6.1.1 network led table 15 network led note: a network led fast flash flashes at 2.5 hz, 50% duty cycle, about two or three times per second. 6.1.2 radio led in the following table, rss is the radio signal strength, in dbm. Table 16 radio led note: a...

  • Page 94

    6 installation/diagnostic tools 76 apcd-lm043-4.0 6.1.4 ethernet leds the ethernet connector used in the ccu and eum, shown in figure 36 , has two leds. These leds are described in table 18 . Figure 36 ethernet leds table 18 ethernet leds the ccu is equipped with the same leds as the eum but in a sl...

  • Page 95

    6 installation/diagnostic tools apcd-lm043-4.0 77 table 19 console settings 6.3 eum configuration utility the eum can also be configured and monitored using the eum configuration utility, a windows-based graphical user interface (gui) running on a pc. The pc connects to the ccu or eum through the db...

  • Page 96

    6 installation/diagnostic tools 78 apcd-lm043-4.0 rssi: 73 865; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0% rssi: 73 932; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0% rssi: 73 933; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0% rssi: 74 709; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0% rssi: 73 743; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0% rssi: 74 747; 1; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0% console> adjust the antenna location and pointing for maxi...

  • Page 97

    6 installation/diagnostic tools apcd-lm043-4.0 79 hash mark printing on ftp: (2048 bytes/hash mark) . Ftp> binary 200 type set to i, binary mode ftp> get sa1110.Bak 200 port set okay 150 opening binary mode data connection ############################################################################ ...

  • Page 98

    6 installation/diagnostic tools 80 apcd-lm043-4.0 6.7 snmp the ccu and eum are snmp-ready. To make use of the ccu and eum snmp capabilities, you must obtain the associated waverider mibs from the technical support page at www.Waverider.Com and install them on your snmp manager (snmpc, or hp openview...

  • Page 99

    6 installation/diagnostic tools apcd-lm043-4.0 81 if the hash code comparison is successful, then the existing executable software is copied as a backup (.Bak file), and the newly downloaded image becomes the unit executable. The unit is automatically rebooted. If the new executable is found to be c...

  • Page 100

    6 installation/diagnostic tools 82 apcd-lm043-4.0 caution: use ftp to transfer configuration files between like units only; for example, from a ccu to another ccu. (ensure the file is transferred using image or binary mode.) although port filters are used in both the ccu and eum, there may be differ...

  • Page 101: Configuring The Ccu

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 83 7 configuring the ccu this section explains the following procedures and topics: • ccu and eum serial number, mac address, and station id on page 84 • setting the ccu password on page 84 • configuring the ccu rf parameters on page 85 • configuring ccu ip parameters on page 86 • con...

  • Page 102

    7 configuring the ccu 84 apcd-lm043-4.0 caution: when entering ip addresses in the ccu or eum, note that a leading ‘0’ forces the ccu or eum operating system to interpret the entry as octal rather than decimal. For example, pinging 10.0.2.010 actually pings 10.0.2.8 7.1 ccu and eum serial number, ma...

  • Page 103

    7 configuring the ccu apcd-lm043-4.0 85 4. At the verify password prompt, type the new password again. The system displays a message that your password has been successfully changed. Example: console> password enter current password: ******** enter new password: ******** verify password: ******** sa...

  • Page 104

    7 configuring the ccu 86 apcd-lm043-4.0 • saves the new settings, • reboots the ccu so that the new parameters take effect, and • displays the ccu rf parameters. Console> console> radio frequency 9170 console> radio rf high console> console> save basic config saved port filter config saved sntp cfg ...

  • Page 105

    7 configuring the ccu apcd-lm043-4.0 87 to set the ccu radio ip address 1. Type ip radio and press enter. • is the ccu radio ip address. • is the net mask. 2. Type save or commit and press enter. 3. Before the new ccu radio ip address will take effect, you must reboot the ccu by typing reset and pre...

  • Page 106

    7 configuring the ccu 88 apcd-lm043-4.0 ethernet net mask : ffff0000 gateway ip address: 10.0.0.1 radio ip address: 10.5.0.1 radio net mask : ffff0000 console> 7.5 configuring dhcp relay to configure dhcp relay • determine the dhcp server ip address. • enable dhcp relay. • add the dhcp server to the...

  • Page 107

    7 configuring the ccu apcd-lm043-4.0 89 dhcp server config saved console> console> dhcp relay dhcp relay enabled: dhcp server table: dhcp server table: ip address: 192.168.50.1 mask : ffffff00 ip address: 192.168.50.15 mask : ffffff00 console> 7.6 configuring port filtering to add a port filter • de...

  • Page 108

    7 configuring the ccu 90 apcd-lm043-4.0 sntp cfg file saved route config saved authorization database saved dhcp server config saved console> console> port port filters port filter --------------------------------- 137 both 138 both 139 both 1512 both ---------------------------------- console> note...

  • Page 109

    7 configuring the ccu apcd-lm043-4.0 91 once again, do not delete 127.0.0.1. If you inadvertently delete it from the list, when you use the flush command, for example, it must be re-entered. Note: it is a good idea to ping the time servers from the ccu before adding them, to ensure you have connecti...

  • Page 110

    7 configuring the ccu 92 apcd-lm043-4.0 • adds a local ntp server, ip address 10.0.0.1, • sets the resynchronization time to 3600 seconds, • sets the retry time to 30 seconds, • enables the sntp client, • enables the sntp relay, • saves the new entries, • displays the sntp configuration and ntp serv...

  • Page 111

    7 configuring the ccu apcd-lm043-4.0 93 7.8 configuring snmp to fully configure snmp • set the snmp contact (name of the wisp, for example). • set the snmp system location (physical location of the ccu, for example). • add an snmp read community. • add an snmp write community. • add an snmp trap com...

  • Page 112

    7 configuring the ccu 94 apcd-lm043-4.0 example: the following example • sets the snmp contact as waverider, • sets the snmp location as calgary_south, • adds snmp read community waverider_calgary , • adds snmp write community waverider_calgary , • adds snmp trap server waverider_calgary , ip addres...

  • Page 113

    7 configuring the ccu apcd-lm043-4.0 95 7.9 adding eums to the authorization table to add eums on the system, enter them in the ccu authorization table. To add an eum to the ccu authorization table 1. Type auth add and press enter. • is the hexadecimal representation of the eum id • is the grade of ...

  • Page 114

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  • Page 115: Configuring The Eum

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 97 8 configuring the eum this chapter covers the following procedures: • setting the eum password on page 98 • configuring the eum rf parameters on page 98 • configuring eum ip parameters on page 99 • configuring port filtering on page 101 • configuring snmp on page 102 • configuring ...

  • Page 116

    8 configuring the eum 98 apcd-lm043-4.0 8.1 setting the eum password to change the eum password 1. Type password and press enter. 2. At the enter current password prompt, type the old password. 3. At the enter new password prompt, type the new password. Tip: passwords are alphanumeric and case-sensi...

  • Page 117

    8 configuring the eum apcd-lm043-4.0 99 2. Type save or commit and press enter. 3. Before the new power level will take effect, you must reboot the eum by typing reset and pressing enter. Example: the following example • sets the eum operating frequency to 917 mhz, • sets the transmit power level to...

  • Page 118

    8 configuring the eum 100 apcd-lm043-4.0 caution: the eum only accepts subnet masks using the shorthand notation; for example, it accepts ‘ 16 ’, but not ‘ ffff0000 ’ or ‘ 255.255.0.0 ’. 2. Type save or commit and press enter. 3. Before the new eum ethernet ip address will take effect, you must rebo...

  • Page 119

    8 configuring the eum apcd-lm043-4.0 101 8.4 configuring port filtering to add a port filter: • determine the port number you want to filter. • determine whether you want to filter udp, tcp, or both types of packets. • add the port filter to the eum. To add a port filter 1. Type port add and press e...

  • Page 120

    8 configuring the eum 102 apcd-lm043-4.0 8.5 configuring snmp to fully configure snmp • set the snmp contact (name of the wisp, for example). • set the snmp system location (physical location of the eum, for example). • add an snmp read community. • add an snmp write community. • add an snmp trap se...

  • Page 121

    8 configuring the eum apcd-lm043-4.0 103 example: the following example • sets the snmp contact as waverider , • sets the snmp location as calgary_south, • adds the snmp read community waverider_calgary , • adds the snmp write community waverider_calgary , • adds the snmp trap server waverider_calga...

  • Page 122

    8 configuring the eum 104 apcd-lm043-4.0 8.6 configuring the customer list you can set the maximum number of customers or pcs (customer_max) that can concurrently access the radio link through the eum, as described in customer table (eum only) on page 192. Caution: the simulation data presented in p...

  • Page 123: Installing The Eum

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 105 9 installing the eum 9.1 before you start the eum installation before you start the eum installation, ensure the following points have been addressed: • the eum has been configured with at least the following settings: • ip address • subnet mask • gateway ip address • radio freque...

  • Page 124

    9 installing the eum 106 apcd-lm043-4.0 9.2 other eum programming considerations although the ip settings identified above are required for basic eum operation, you should also consider pre-configuring the following eum parameters: snmp snmp communities can be configured in the eum to enable remote ...

  • Page 125

    9 installing the eum apcd-lm043-4.0 107 11. Configuring the browser application on page 119 12. Completing the installation on page 120 13. Baselining the installation on page 120 9.4 installation procedures 9.4.1 opening the box before you install the eum components, verify that the eum kit is comp...

  • Page 126

    9 installing the eum 108 apcd-lm043-4.0 9.4.2 turning off the end-user’s cordless phones turn off all cordless phones in the customer’s premises, and any other equipment that uses the 900 mhz ism band. Once the installation is complete, turn this equipment back on. 9.4.3 choosing a location for the ...

  • Page 127

    9 installing the eum apcd-lm043-4.0 109 when you have completed the above tasks, connect the eum ac/dc adaptor to an ac power bar or outlet. Figure 38 connecting the eum components to connect the eum components 1. Finger-tighten the antenna cable onto the corresponding connector at the back of the e...

  • Page 128

    9 installing the eum 110 apcd-lm043-4.0 note: the dc power cable features a secure locking connector. To disconnect the cable, pull the collar back on the connector, then continue pulling to detach the dc power cable from the eum. 3. Connect the ac power cord between the ac/dc adaptor and either an ...

  • Page 129

    9 installing the eum apcd-lm043-4.0 111 9.4.6 positioning the antenna 1. To begin with, point the antenna in the general direction of the ccu, as shown in figure 42 : figure 42 preliminary orientation of the antenna (top view) as illustrated, for maximum signal reception, point the concave surface o...

  • Page 130

    9 installing the eum 112 apcd-lm043-4.0 9.4.7 mounting the antenna the antenna bracket is designed to accommodate the rf cable and act as a strain relief. To mount the antenna 1. Thread the attached antenna cable through the guides in the back of the antenna bracket, as necessary. Figure 43 rear vie...

  • Page 131

    9 installing the eum apcd-lm043-4.0 113 figure 44 shows the location of the spring clip, suction cup holes, and screw holes on the antenna bracket. Figure 44 antenna bracket components table 23 surface mounting options for the antenna side mount mount the antenna on a wall, window, window frame, or ...

  • Page 132

    9 installing the eum 114 apcd-lm043-4.0 warning! The antennas for the eum must be fix-mounted, indoors or outdoors, to provide a separation distance of 20cm or more from all persons, to satisfy rf exposure requirements. The distance is measured from the front of the antenna to the human body. Waveri...

  • Page 133

    9 installing the eum apcd-lm043-4.0 115 9.4.8 connecting the end-user’s pc 1. Connect the end-user’s pc, shown in figure 46 , by attaching the crossover ethernet cable that is included with the kit between the ethernet port on the end-user’s computer and the ethernet port on the eum. Figure 46 conne...

  • Page 134

    9 installing the eum 116 apcd-lm043-4.0 9.4.9 obtaining valid ip addresses for the end-user’s pc 1. To obtain ip addresses for the end-user’s pc, including the pc ip address, gateway ip address, and dns server address, the pc must request an update from the dhcp server. This procedure varies dependi...

  • Page 135

    9 installing the eum apcd-lm043-4.0 117 to illustrate data link testing between the pc and the eum, consider the sample configuration shown in figure 47 . Figure 47 sample configuration — testing the data link using the sample configuration shown in figure 47 , confirm the connection between the end...

  • Page 136

    9 installing the eum 118 apcd-lm043-4.0 ping statistics for 10.5.4.116: packets: sent = 4, received = 0, lost = 4 (100% loss), approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: minimum = 0ms, maximum = 0ms, average = 0ms c:\> if you are not able to the eum from the pc, go to troubleshooting on page 121...

  • Page 137

    9 installing the eum apcd-lm043-4.0 119 testing the data link from the end-user’s pc to the internet use the following test to determine whether the end-user’s pc can communicate with the internet. Pinging an internet site from the pc using the site’s ip address: c:\>ping 207.23.175.75 pinging 207.2...

  • Page 138

    9 installing the eum 120 apcd-lm043-4.0 9.4.12 completing the installation 1. Configure the remaining pc applications, as required. 2. Re-activate the end-user’s cordless phones, and any other 900 mhz ism-band equipment that was turned off at the beginning of the installation. Note the following poi...

  • Page 139

    9 installing the eum apcd-lm043-4.0 121 gateway ip address: 10.5.0.1 console> console> radio rf power: high radio frequency: 9170 console> console> ra rssi press any key to stop rssi rx; tx; r1; r2; r3; f;retry% rssi: 44 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0% rssi: 60 712; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0% rssi: 59 706; 0; 0; 0; 0; ...

  • Page 140

    9 installing the eum 122 apcd-lm043-4.0 a: there are two conditions that might prevent or compromise internet access by the end-user through the eum, even when the network is operating properly and the radio signal strength is adequate: improper pc configuration if the pc ip address set is incorrect...

  • Page 141

    9 installing the eum apcd-lm043-4.0 123 q: dhcp is not available on the network. Is there anything else i can do? A: dhcp is a tool that allows you to re-use ip addresses and simplifies the procedure for configuring the end-user pc. If dhcp is not available, the wisp must provide the installer with ...

  • Page 142

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  • Page 143: Maintaining The Network

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 125 10 maintaining the network the lms4000 900mhz radio network requires virtually no maintenance. This chapter describes what you need to do to maintain the ccu and eum operating environments. The ccu and eum must be kept in a temperature-controlled and dust-free environment, as desc...

  • Page 144

    10 maintaining the network 126 apcd-lm043-4.0 when cleaning ccu and eum components: • use dry, static-free cloths to wipe dust from the devices. • make sure you do not disconnect any cables or wires when cleaning. Checking the ccu shelf cooling fans warning! Exercise caution when you are in close pr...

  • Page 145: Monitoring The Network

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 127 11 monitoring the network although there are a large number of detailed statistics available for the various data handling applications in the ccu (refer to appendix h on page 223 for a complete list), there are only a few that are key for monitoring system performance on an on-go...

  • Page 146

    11 monitoring the network 128 apcd-lm043-4.0 examining this statistic in more detail, txpayloads includes • tx data payloads which, in turn, includes • data coming from the ethernet port of the ccu (either end-user data or operator monitoring [snmp] data), • data coming from eum-originated data payl...

  • Page 147

    11 monitoring the network apcd-lm043-4.0 129 table 27 typical ccu transmit statistics the objective of the first level analysis of this data is to determine the relative amount of radio traffic resulting from retransmissions. Ideally, the percentage would be 0. In practice, local engineering limitat...

  • Page 148

    11 monitoring the network 130 apcd-lm043-4.0 similarly, the percentage of payloads not delivered on the first transmission, but delivered on the second transmission = 1,761 / (68,235 - 66,001) = 78% it is generally a good indication if most payloads that fail on the first try are then successful wit...

  • Page 149

    11 monitoring the network apcd-lm043-4.0 131 11.2 ccu receive statistics similar to the case for ccu transmit statistics, there are several key ccu receive statistics that you can use to monitor on-going performance of the ccu radio network. When the ccu sends a directed poll to an eum, it expects t...

  • Page 150

    11 monitoring the network 132 apcd-lm043-4.0 11.3 eum statistics monitoring in general, the statistics collected at the eum are the same as those collected at the ccu; however, there are some differences in meaning (see appendix h). More significantly, of course, is that the eum statistics are uniqu...

  • Page 151

    11 monitoring the network apcd-lm043-4.0 133 as with the ccu transmit statistics, the following sample calculations can be made using the sample data from table 29 : total number of desired payloads = b + c = 44,718 + 2 = 44,720 this is also equal to: (txpayloads1ok + txpayloads2ok + txpayloads3ok +...

  • Page 152

    11 monitoring the network 134 apcd-lm043-4.0 the statistic rxpktsduplicate measures the number of times the ccu sends the same packet of information more than one time. A high value of rxpktsduplicate indicates that the acknowledgements from the eum are not being properly received at the ccu. 11.3.3...

  • Page 153: Troubleshooting

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 135 12 troubleshooting troubleshooting an lms4000 900 mhz radio network problem is an iterative process. First of all, you need to isolate the general location of the problem, then isolate the problem, and finally, determine the root cause of the problem. There are five general areas ...

  • Page 154

    12 troubleshooting 136 apcd-lm043-4.0 b. If only one eum is affected: • verify that you can ping from the gateway router to other eums on the same ccu. If you cannot, go to a. Above. • if this test is successful, go to eum troubleshooting on page 136. 12.1 eum troubleshooting the following eum troub...

  • Page 155

    12 troubleshooting apcd-lm043-4.0 137 to enable the capability, you can use the windows utility, in windows 95 and 98 operating systems, and the dos utility in newer windows operating systems. The command is used to test data links. A successful short ping test confirms connectivity but may not indi...

  • Page 156

    138 apcd-lm043-4.0 12 troubleshooting table 30 remote troubleshooting — eum (service not available) what should i do? What is a good result? What does a good result mean? What if i do not get a good result? A confirm eum status telnet to the ccu and go to the cli prompt. Telnet is successful. Go to ...

  • Page 157

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 139 12 troubleshooting table 31 remote troubleshooting — eum (service degraded) what should i do? What is a good result? What does a good result mean? What if i do not get a good result? A check the gateway to eum link from the ethernet side of the ccu, the ccu with short and long pin...

  • Page 158

    140 apcd-lm043-4.0 12 troubleshooting g tip record key eum statistics from mac> (see table 27 on page 129 and table 28 on page 131 ), clear the statistics, then review and record the statistics after traffic has been passed for 10 or 15 seconds. The retransmission rate, defined in monitoring the net...

  • Page 159

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 141 12 troubleshooting c verify the data link check the ethernet leds on the pc and eum ethernet connectors. The link led is on solid green, and the traffic led is flashing occasionally with traffic. Cable connection is good, and the ethernet interfaces are active. Go to test d. • che...

  • Page 160

    142 apcd-lm043-4.0 12 troubleshooting f verify the data connection to the internet through the dos command line, 207.23.175.75 (waverider web site) no failures or time-outs. The data connection to the internet is ok. Go to test g. Verify network status. It is likely that all eums are affected. G thr...

  • Page 161

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 143 12 troubleshooting b verify the logical data connection between the pc and eum. Through the dos command line, the eum with short and long packets. No failures or time-outs. Confirms physical and logical connection to the eum, and basic ip addressing. Go to c. • verify the ip addre...

  • Page 162

    144 apcd-lm043-4.0 12 troubleshooting e open browser to http:// speed-test.Net, run the download and upload tests. Throughput in both directions should be consistent with the subscribed service level, with an allowance for the overall traffic level on the ccu. Customer complaint may be related to th...

  • Page 163

    12 troubleshooting apcd-lm043-4.0 145 12.2 ccu troubleshooting ccu troubleshooting can be broken down into several areas, based on the working history of the ccu, the nature of the reported problem, and the extent of the reported problem. For the purpose of this troubleshooting section, it is assume...

  • Page 164

    146 apcd-lm043-4.0 12 troubleshooting . Table 34 remote troubleshooting — ccu what should i do? What is a good result? What does a good result mean? What if i do not get a good result? A confirm the network link to the ccu telnet to the ccu. Access to the ccu is available. Verifies network access co...

  • Page 165

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 147 12 troubleshooting . D check for key statistics degradation in the cli, type mac> . Key statistics, described in monitoring the network on page 127, should meet general criteria listed, and/or be similar to past values. No change in the interference environment indicated. An incre...

  • Page 166

    148 apcd-lm043-4.0 12 troubleshooting i tip having a captive eum at the ccu site can be helpful to isolate problems. With a simple antenna, the captive eum can be accessed from the ccu to confirm the communications capability of the ccu, and the eum can roughly verify the output signal levels from t...

  • Page 167

    12 troubleshooting apcd-lm043-4.0 149 12.3 if you have an interferer the presence of an interferer can cause a variety of performance problems in the radio network. These problems can be quite difficult to positively identify and track down. Typically, the presence of an interferer is first identifi...

  • Page 168

    12 troubleshooting 150 apcd-lm043-4.0 resort. Otherwise, the level and location of the interferer has to be deduced from measurements available at the ccu and eum. Several of these measurements are referenced in the preceding troubleshooting sections. Some further clarifications and guidelines are l...

  • Page 169

    12 troubleshooting apcd-lm043-4.0 151 12.4 general troubleshooting information table 36 provides troubleshooting tips related to general problems that you may be having with trying to operate over the network. Network address translation if, from an affected host (pc, eum, or ccu), you find that you...

  • Page 170

    12 troubleshooting 152 apcd-lm043-4.0 ethernet cable wiring table 37 provides troubleshooting tips related to problems that you may be having with ethernet cables. Correct termination of an ethernet cable is fundamental to preventing problems introduced by crosstalk or noise. If a cable is incorrect...

  • Page 171

    12 troubleshooting apcd-lm043-4.0 153 • pin 4 = blue • pin 5 = white blue • pin 6 = orange • pin 7 = white brown • pin 8 = brown for a crossover cable, one plug should be assembled as a standard and the other plug as follows: • pin 1 = white orange • pin 2 = orange • pin 3 = white green • pin 4 = bl...

  • Page 172

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  • Page 173: Specialized Applications

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 155 13 specialized applications the advanced capabilities of the lms4000 900 mhz radio network modems can support a variety of special applications. 13.1 eum thin route in some cases, it may be cost-effective to use an eum to extend the reach of the lms4000 900 mhz radio network to sm...

  • Page 174

    13 specialized applications 156 apcd-lm043-4.0 in this eum thin-route case, the traffic on the radio channel “b” network traverses two airlinks — the first from the users’ eums to the ccu on radio channel “b”, then the second from the thin-route eum to the ccu on radio channel “a”. This situation re...

  • Page 175: Appendix A

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 157 appendix a specifications this appendix lists the following specifications for the lms4000 900 mhz radio network, specifically the technical specifications for the ccu and eum, configured for operation in the fcc/ic rf regulatory domain: • radio specifications on page 157 • ethern...

  • Page 176

    158 apcd-lm043-4.0 table 39 ethernet interface specifications table 40 power supply specifications table 41 environmental specifications co-located channel set center frequencies (standard) 905 mhz, 915 mhz, 925 mhz note: other frequencies can be used, depending on site-specific considerations. Call...

  • Page 177: Appendix B

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 159 appendix b factory configuration this appendix identifies the factory configuration settings for the ccu and eum. Table 42 ccu factory configuration parameter default configuration console prompt the default console prompt is the station (ccu) id. Deregistration count 8 dhcp relay...

  • Page 178

    160 apcd-lm043-4.0 radio ip address 192.168.11.1 radio netmask 24 registration server ip address 0.0.0.0 registration server netmask 0 snmp contact waverider communications inc. Snmp location www.Waverider.Com snmp read communities public snmp write communities private snmp traps none entered sntp c...

  • Page 179

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 161 . Port filters 137 (both) 138 (both) 139 (both) 1512 (both) radio frequency 9050 (905.0mhz) snmp contact waverider communications ltd. Snmp location www.Waverider.Com snmp read communities public snmp write communities private snmp traps none entered sntp client (listen only) enab...

  • Page 180

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  • Page 181: Appendix C

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 163 appendix c command-line syntax this appendix describes the various lms4000 commands and syntax, and consists of the following sections: • command-line syntax conventions and shortcuts on page 163 • ccu command-line syntax on page 165 • eum command-line syntax on page 174 note: the...

  • Page 182

    164 apcd-lm043-4.0 table 44 command-line syntax conventions table 45 command-line shortcuts and getting help convention use examples monospaced font indicates that you must type the text. Ip route enter bold face type indicates a keyboard key press. A plus sign (+) indicates key combinations. For ex...

  • Page 183

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 165 ccu command-line syntax table 46 ccu command-line syntax command syntax (ccu) command description add displays the address table. Add flush removes all entries from the address table. Add rem removes an eum id from the address table, where: • is the eum id, formatted in hexadecima...

  • Page 184

    166 apcd-lm043-4.0 arp map displays the arp map table. Arp map maps mac address to ip address . The mac address is obtained from the arp table, or by sending out an arp request. Auth displays the authorization table. Auth add adds an eum to the authorization table, where: • is the eum id, formatted ...

  • Page 186

    168 apcd-lm043-4.0 ip ethernet (0-32) changes the ethernet ip address of the ccu, where: • is the new ethernet ip address of the ccu. • (0-32) is the netmask. Ip gateway displays the ip address of the router through which the ccu connects to the internet. Ip gateway defines the router through which ...

  • Page 187

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 169 radio frequency displays the ccu radio frequency in tenths of a mhz; for example, 905.0 mhz is displayed as 9050. Radio frequency changes the ccu radio frequency, where. • is the new radio frequency, in tenths of a mhz; for example, 905.0 mhz is entered as 9050. Radio meter displa...

  • Page 188

    170 apcd-lm043-4.0 route delete (0-32) deletes a route from the routing table. • is the ethernet ip address of the network being removed from the routing table. • is the ethernet ip address of the gateway through which the destination device is reached. • (0-32) is the netmask for the destination ne...

  • Page 189

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 171 snmp trap delete deletes a trap server community, where: • is the ethernet ip address of the trap server. • is the community name for the trap server being deleted. Stats displays the statistics for all drivers and network protocols. Do not use this command in a telnet session sin...

  • Page 190

    172 apcd-lm043-4.0 sys wlog writes text to the log file. This command is useful for adding information to the log for subsequent analysis: • may be from 1-80 characters in length. Time displays the system calendar clock time. Time add adds an ntp server, where: • is the ntp server address. Time clie...

  • Page 192

    174 apcd-lm043-4.0 eum command-line syntax table 47 eum command-line syntax command syntax (eum) command description arp displays the arp table. Arp add [flags] adds an entry to the arp table, where. • is the ip address. • is the ethernet address, in hexadecimal format. • [flags] is always set to 4,...

  • Page 194

    176 apcd-lm043-4.0 ip ethernet (0-32) changes the ethernet ip address of the eum, where: • is the new ethernet ip address of the eum. • (0-32) is the netmask. Ip gateway displays the ip address of the ccu through which the eum connects to the internet. Ip gateway changes the ccu through which the eu...

  • Page 196

    178 apcd-lm043-4.0 snmp trap add adds a trap server community, where: • is the ethernet ip address of the eum. • is the community name for the trap server, from 1-64 characters in length. Snmp trap delete deletes a trap server community, where: • is the ethernet ip address of the eum. • is the commu...

  • Page 197

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 179 sys prompt changes the system prompt, where: • is the new prompt, from 1-20 characters in length. Sys ss displays the system status file. Sys task displays the task list. Sys uptime displays system uptime. Sys version displays software version information. Sys wlog writes text to ...

  • Page 198

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  • Page 199: Appendix D

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 181 appendix d antenna guidelines warning! Antennas and associated transmission cable must be installed by qualified personnel, and external antennas must be properly grounded. Failure to terminate the antenna port correctly can permanently damage the eum. Waverider assumes no liabili...

  • Page 200

    182 apcd-lm043-4.0 calculate the antenna system gain by adding the value of the insertion loss for each component of the antenna system, excluding the antenna, and subtracting the total of that sum from the antenna gain. You can measure the insertion loss of the components, and the antenna gain, at ...

  • Page 201: Appendix E

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 183 appendix e ccu/eum data tables the ccu and eum firmware is structured around a set of tables and files, which are discussed in the following sections in the logical order that they are actively involved in the transmission of packets from the internet to the end-user’s pc: • port ...

  • Page 202

    184 apcd-lm043-4.0 table 49 port filter table entries to access the port filter table: console> port port filters port filter --------------------------------- 137 both 138 both 139 both 1512 both ---------------------------------- console> routing table (ccu and eum) the routing table is used by th...

  • Page 203

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 185 table 51 routing table entries to view the routing table: waverider communications, inc. Lms3000 password: console> route destination mask tos gateway flags refcnt use interface proto 0.0.0.0 0 0 10.0.0.1 803 0 196587 esmc0 1 10.5.0.0 ffff0000 0 10.5.0.1 101 0 0 rdr1 0 127.0.0.1 0...

  • Page 204

    186 apcd-lm043-4.0 in the above example, the default route is defined by: destination mask tos gateway flags refcnt use interface proto 0.0.0.0 0 0 10.0.0.1 803 0 196587 esmc0 1 any ip packet with a destination which is not listed in the routing table will be forwarded through the ethernet port (ip ...

  • Page 205

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 187 arp table (ccu and eum) for each host (eum or pc) in the system, the arp (address resolution protocol) table displays the following information: table 53 arp table entries the arp table is automatically built by the ccu or eum based on traffic passing between the ethernet and radi...

  • Page 206

    188 apcd-lm043-4.0 10.0.0.3 00:90:27:33:c7:e8 405 0 507 esmc0 10.0.0.10 00:a0:98:00:9b:26 405 0 1 esmc0 10.0.0.15 00:10:83:fd:61:a 405 0 781 esmc0 10.0.0.16 00:10:83:fd:e1:4e 405 0 1839 esmc0 10.0.0.17 00:b0:d0:e1:04:c0 405 0 155 esmc0 10.0.1.68 00:00:e8:4d:62:3 405 1 19054 esmc0 10.5.1.17 00:50:da:...

  • Page 207

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 189 • 00:01:03:04:f7:d8 end-user pc mac address • 00:50:c8:e0:0a:33 eum ethernet mac address authorization table (ccu only) the authorization table controls the eums’ access to the lms4000 900 mhz radio network. The authorization table contains the grade of service class for each eum ...

  • Page 208

    190 apcd-lm043-4.0 registration table (ccu only) the registration table contains a list of all registered eums. The ccu automatically builds and adds to this table as eums communicate with the ccu. Every eum that registers with the ccu appears in this table. The eum will be removed from the registra...

  • Page 209

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 191 console> note: the air command has been used to view the registration table, because reg is too close to reb (reboot). Arp map table (ccu and eum) for each host (eum or pc) in the system, the arp map table displays the following entries: table 55 arp map table entries the arp map ...

  • Page 210

    192 apcd-lm043-4.0 customer table (eum only) the purpose of the customer table is to give the system operator control over the number of pcs that can access the internet through the eum. The customer table is optimized for the case where multiple hosts are connected to the eum, but only one accesses...

  • Page 211

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 193 basic configuration file (ccu and eum) the basic configuration file (bcf) presents a summary of ccu and eum configurable parameters, which are either the factory default settings, or those entered by the system operator. To view the bcf for an eum, for example: console> bcf basic ...

  • Page 212

    194 apcd-lm043-4.0 file notes : based on tn040 customer port mac address: 00:90:c8:e0:03:75 hardware id: 4b airlink mac address: 00:90:c8:60:03:75 serial number: e00375 modem type: eum rf level +27 dbm +15 dbm lo - 905.0 mhz -14 20 med - 915.0 mhz -22 16 high - 925.0 mhz -22 16 rssi level -76 dbm -7...

  • Page 213

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 195 table 57 rssi/rss cross-reference for sample unit (at 915 mhz) as shown in table 57 , using these simple rules means that the rss values midway between the calibration points may not exactly line up, but the results will be within the accuracy of the measurement. The configuration...

  • Page 214

    196 apcd-lm043-4.0 io connections: ----------------------- usb detected true ethernet detected true rs232_1 detected true rs232_2 detected false system state: ----------------------- system operational console>.

  • Page 215: Appendix F

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 197 appendix f ping commands the following table lists the options available for use with a windows ping test. This information was obtained from microsoft windows 2000 tcp/ip protocols and services technical reference, pp. 184-185. Table 58 windows ping test command options option us...

  • Page 216

    198 apcd-lm043-4.0 -j host-list sends the icmp echoes using the loose source route option and sets the next hop addresses to the ip addresses in the host list. The host list is made up of ip addresses separated by spaces corresponding to the loose source route. There can be up to nine ip addresses i...

  • Page 217: Appendix G

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 199 appendix g snmp mib definitions this appendix defines the mibs used in the ccu and eum. These mibs are organized under the following headings: • mib-ii elements supported from rfc-1213 on page 199 • waverider ccu enterprise mibs on page 203 • ccu rfc mib-ii traps on page 212 • wav...

  • Page 218

    200 apcd-lm043-4.0 interfaces group mib table 60 provides the details of the interfaces group mib mentioned above. All values in the following table are prefixed with 1. 3. 6.1. 2.1. 2. Table 60 mib-ii interface list header mib all values in table 61 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1, as defined i...

  • Page 219

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 201 ifdescr 2 string lo0: loopback esmc0: ethernet mdr1: radio a textual string containing information about the interface. This string should include the name of the manufacturer, the product name and the version of the hardware interface. Iftype 3 integer 6:ethernet-csmacd 6: radio ...

  • Page 220

    202 apcd-lm043-4.0 ifindiscards 13 counter the number of inbound packets which were chosen to be discarded even though no errors had been detected to prevent their being deliverable to a higher-layer protocol. One possible reason for discarding such a packet could be to free up buffer space. Ifinerr...

  • Page 221

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 203 waverider ccu enterprise mibs the structure of the ccu mibs is illustrated in figure 51 . Figure 51 ccu mibs each of the mibs in figure 51 is discussed in the following sections. Ccu base mib all values in table 62 , which are read only, are prefixed with 1. 3. 6.1.4.1. 2979.11. T...

  • Page 222

    204 apcd-lm043-4.0 ccu general information group all values in table 63 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.1. Table 63 waverider ccu general information enterprise mibs ccu radio configuration group all ccu radio configuration group mib values are read only. All values in table 64 are prefixed wi...

  • Page 223

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 205 ccu radio statistics group all ccu radio statistics group mib values are read only. All values in table 65 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.3. Table 65 waverider ccu radio statistics mib ccu radio general statistics group all ccu radio general statistics group mib values are ...

  • Page 224

    206 apcd-lm043-4.0 ccu radio mac statistics group all ccu radio mac statistics group mib values are read only. All values in table 68 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.3.3. Table 68 waverider ccu radio mac statistics group mib ccuradiodrvunknownevent 7 counter number of received an unknown/no ev...

  • Page 225

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 207 ccuradiomacrxpayloadfailinvalidtype 3 counter number of times an unknown type of payload was received from the air interface. Ccuradiomacrxpayloadfailgiant 4 counter number of times a payload that was too long was received from the air interface, and therefore discarded. Ccuradiom...

  • Page 226

    208 apcd-lm043-4.0 ccuradiomacrxpktsruntfail 22 counter number of packets received that were shorter than the minimum size. Ccuradiomacrxpktslongfail 23 counter number of packets received that were longer than the maximum size. Ccuradiomacrxpktshcrcfail 24 counter number of packets received with a m...

  • Page 227

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 209 notes: • a packet is the basic unit of transmission. A packet may or may not contain a payload. A payload is user data, which may be an ethernet frame or a logical link layer control message. • wep is not supported in this release. • the ccu maintains a transmit queue for each eum...

  • Page 228

    210 apcd-lm043-4.0 ccu ethernet statistics group all ccu ethernet statistics group mib values are read only. All values in table 69 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.4. Table 69 waverider ccu ethernet statistics group mib mib name oid value type description ccuetherinterrupts 1 counter total num...

  • Page 229

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 211 ccu modem information mib all values in table 70 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.5. Table 70 waverider ccu modem information mib ccu registration information mib all ccu registration mib values are read only. All values in table 71 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.5.1 t...

  • Page 230

    212 apcd-lm043-4.0 ccu authorization information mib all ccu authorization mib values are read only. All values in table 73 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.5.2. Table 73 waverider ccu authorization table mib ccu authorization table all ccu authorization table group mib values are read only. Al...

  • Page 231

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 213 waverider eum enterprise mibs the structure of the eum mibs is illustrated in figure 52 . Figure 52 eum mibs each of the mibs in figure 52 is discussed in the following sections. Eum base mib all values in table 76 , which are read only, are prefixed with 1. 3. 6.1.4.1. 2979.12. T...

  • Page 232

    214 apcd-lm043-4.0 eum general information group all values in table 77 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.12.1. Table 77 waverider eum general information enterprise mibs eum radio configuration group all eum radio configuration group mib values are read only. All values in table 78 are prefixed wi...

  • Page 233

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 215 eum radio statistics group all eum radio statistics group mib values are read only. All values in table 79 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.12.3. Table 79 waverider eum radio statistics mib eum radio general statistics group all eum radio general statistics group mib values are ...

  • Page 234

    216 apcd-lm043-4.0 eum radio mac statistics group all eum radio mac statistics group mib values are read only. All values in table 82 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.12.3.3. Table 82 waverider eum radio mac statistics group mib eumradiodrvunknownevent 7 counter number of received an unknown/no ev...

  • Page 235

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 217 eumradiomacrxpayloadfailinvalidtype 3 counter number of times an unknown type of payload was received from the air interface. Eumradiomacrxpayloadfailgiant 4 counter number of times a payload that was too long was received from the air interface, and therefore discarded. Eumradiom...

  • Page 236

    218 apcd-lm043-4.0 eumradiomacrxpktshcrcfail 24 counter number of packets received with a mac header crc failure (header corrupted). Eumradiomacrxpktsicvfail 25 counter number of packets received with an encryption (wep, wireless equivalent privacy) key mismatch (see note 3). Eumradiomacrxpktsfcsfai...

  • Page 237

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 219 notes: • a packet is the basic unit of transmission. A packet may or may not contain a payload. A payload is user data, which may be an ethernet frame or a logical link layer control message. • wep is not supported in this release. • registration occurs once per eum and/or ccu boo...

  • Page 238

    220 apcd-lm043-4.0 eumetherrxoverruninterrupt 3 counter number of overrun interrupts received by the ethernet driver isr. An overrun occurs when a received packet has exceeded the packet size, or the processor has missed one or more packets. Eumetherrxinprogressinterrupt 4 counter number of times a ...

  • Page 239

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 221 eum rfc mib-ii traps rfc mib-ii traps table 84 eum rfc mib-ii traps mib name oid description coldstart 1.3.6.1.2.1.11.0.0 power cycle or power on authenticationfailure 1.3.6.1.2.1.11.0.4 an snmp request has failed due to improper authentication.

  • Page 240

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  • Page 241: Appendix H

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 223 appendix h operating statistics the ccu and eum provide a comprehensive set of operating statistics for each of the following: • ethernet port • radio driver • mac interface • routing/bridging protocol • network interface • system load (radio meter) these statistics can be used as...

  • Page 242

    224 apcd-lm043-4.0 to display (all) statistics from the cli • at the command prompt, type stats and press enter. The following sections describe each of the statistics in detail and the procedure for obtaining specific sets of statistics (ethernet, radio, and so on). Ethernet statistics ethernet sta...

  • Page 243

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 225 to view the ethernet statistics: ccu> stats ethernet -------------------- ethernet statistics ----------------------- interrupts : 288647 rx interrupts : 151103 rx overrun interrupts : 0 rx in progress interrupts : 4676 tx complete interrupts : 133189 tx error interrupts : 0 tx ca...

  • Page 244

    226 apcd-lm043-4.0 radio driver statistics radio driver statistics present operational information about data passing through the ccu and eum radio driver and ports. These statistics are described in table 86 . As indicated in table 86 , all of the radio driver statistics are available in a waveride...

  • Page 245

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 227 to view the radio driver statistics: ccu> stats ra ------------------- radio driver statistics --------------------- events : 376194 rx complete event : 184886 tx complete event : 189052 cmd complete event : 0 fatal error event : 0 tx power rail event : 0 unknown event : 2348 send...

  • Page 246

    228 apcd-lm043-4.0 mac interface statistics mac interface statistics present operational information about data which is processed by the ccu and eum mac layer. These statistics are described in table 87 . As noted in table 87 , most of the mac interface statistics are available in a waverider mib. ...

  • Page 247

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 229 atmel fatal error not used. Unused statistic not used. Rxpktsdirected 3 at the ccu, the number of times a reply from the eum is received with the correct hcrc (header cyclic redundancy check). In the eum, the number of times a poll for the eum is received from the ccu with the cor...

  • Page 248

    230 apcd-lm043-4.0 rxpktsempty 3 number of packets received that are directed to this station, but that did not contain a payload. Txpkts 3 number of packets transmitted. Txpktsempty 3 number of packets transmitted with no payload. Txpayloads 3 number of payloads transmitted. Txpayloadsbcast 3 numbe...

  • Page 249

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 231 notes: • a packet is the basic unit of transmission. A packet may or may not contain a payload. A payload is user data, which may be an ethernet frame or a logical link layer control message. • wep is not supported in this release. Replyorrssitimeouts 3 at the ccu, the number of t...

  • Page 250

    232 apcd-lm043-4.0 • the ccu maintains a transmit queue for each eum. The length of this queue is limited, to keep one eum from consuming all the resources and impacting other eums. Discards indicate excessive load by one eum, possibly due to large tcp windows. • registration occurs once per eum and...

  • Page 251

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 233 txpayloadsfailqueuetoolong: 0 txpayloadsempty: 0 replyorrssitimeouts: 232598 restarts: 0 registrationrequests: 0 registrationresponses: 0 deregistrationrequests: 0 deregistrationinits: 0 disassociationrequests: 5671 disassociationinits: 5702 newassociations: 5671 currentassociatio...

  • Page 252

    234 apcd-lm043-4.0 rx eth err - pkt size number of ethernet frames from the ethernet port that were discarded because the frame was too large or too small to decode. Rx eth err - unknown ether type number of ethernet frames from the ethernet port that were discarded because they were neither ip nor ...

  • Page 253

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 235 to view the routing protocol statistics: rx radio err - unknown msg type number of ethernet frames from the radio port that were discarded because of an internal routing error. Rx radio err - unreg request number of ethernet frames received from the radio port that were discarded ...

  • Page 254

    236 apcd-lm043-4.0 ccu> stats rp ----------------routing protocol statistics ----------------- rx eth dst - radio : 0 rx eth dst - to router : 154396 rx eth err - mblk (discard) : 0 rx eth err - msg buffer (discard) : 0 rx eth err - pkt size (discard) : 0 rx eth err - unknown ether type (discard) : ...

  • Page 255

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 237 ccu> stats net to view network interface icmp statistics: ccu> stats net icmp icmp: 3133 calls to icmp_error 0 error not generated because old message was icmp output histogram: destination unreachable: 3133 0 message with bad code fields 0 message 0 bad checksum 0 message with ba...

  • Page 256

    238 apcd-lm043-4.0 ccu> stats net tcp tcp: 536 packets sent 304 data packets (23557 bytes) 0 data packet (0 byte) retransmitted 222 ack-only packets (7 delayed) 0 urg only packet 0 window probe packet 0 window update packet 10 control packets 527 packets received 310 acks (for 23571 bytes) 7 duplica...

  • Page 257

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 239 system load statistics (radio meter) the radio meter command prints out a table of measurements that indicate the current load on the system. These statistics are only available at the ccu. The load statistics are summarized in table 90 . System load statistics are not available t...

  • Page 258

    240 apcd-lm043-4.0 • violation counters could roll over after 70 seconds if the corresponding parameter was set too small. A steeply climbing violation counter indicates serious problems with either the settings or the system load. To view the load statistics: console> radio meter ccu load meter tim...

  • Page 259: Appendix I

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 241 appendix i ip plan — example the following tables provide an example of an ip plan for an lms4000 system equipped with fifteen 900 mhz caps. Nap ip addressing plan table 91 example - ccu ethernet subnet data table 92 example - nap ip addressing plan subnet 192.168.10.0 subnet mask...

  • Page 260

    242 apcd-lm043-4.0 ccu ethernet ip addressing plan table 93 example - ccu ethernet ip addressing plan site ccu ccu ethernet address site ccu ccu ethernet address cap01 ccu01 192.168.10.11 cap09 ccu01 192.168.10.139 ccu02 192.168.10.12 ccu02 192.168.10.140 ccu03 192.168.10.13 ccu03 192.168.10.141 cap...

  • Page 261

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 243 ccu radio ip addressing plan table 94 example - ccu radio subnet data table 95 example - ccu radio ip addressing plan subnet 172.16.0.0 subnet mask bits 22 subnet mask 255.255.252.0 (ff.Ff.Fc.00) site ccu subnet ccu radio ip address ccu radio subnet range broadcast cap01 ccu01 172...

  • Page 262

    244 apcd-lm043-4.0 cap09 ccu01 172.16.100.0 172.16.100.1 172.16.100.1 - 172.16.103.254 172.16.103.255 ccu02 172.16.104.0 172.16.104.1 172.16.104.1 - 172.16.107.254 172.16.107.255 ccu03 172.16.108.0 172.16.108.1 172.16.108.1 - 172.16.111.254 172.16.111.255 cap10 ccu01 172.16.112.0 172.16.112.1 172.16...

  • Page 263

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 245 eum ip addressing plan table 96 example - eum subnet data table 97 example - eum ip addressing plan subnet 172.16.0.0 subnet mask bits 22 subnet mask 255.255.252.0 (ff.Ff.Fc.00) site ccu subnet id eum ip address range cap01 ccu01 eum001-253 172.16.4.2 - 172.16.4.254 eum254-300 172...

  • Page 264

    246 apcd-lm043-4.0 cap05 ccu01 eum001-253 172.16.52.2 - 172.16.52.254 eum254-300 172.16.53.1 - 172.16.53.47 ccu02 eum001-253 172.16.56.2 - 172.16.56.254 eum254-300 172.16.57.1 - 172.16.57.47 ccu03 eum001-253 172.16.60.2 - 172.16.60.254 eum254-300 172.16.61.1 - 172.16.61.47 cap06 ccu01 eum001-253 172...

  • Page 265

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 247 cap10 ccu01 eum001-253 172.16.112.2 - 172.16.112.254 eum254-300 172.16.113.1 - 172.16.113.47 ccu02 eum001-253 172.16.116.2 - 172.16.116.254 eum254-300 172.16.117.1 - 172.16.117.47 ccu03 eum001-253 172.16.120.2 - 172.16.120.254 eum254-300 172.16.121.1 - 172.16.121.47 cap11 ccu01 eu...

  • Page 266

    248 apcd-lm043-4.0 subscriber ip addressing plan table 98 example - subscriber subnet data table 99 example - subscriber ip addressing plan cap15 ccu01 eum001-253 172.16.172.2 - 172.16.172.254 eum254-300 172.16.173.1 - 172.16.173.47 ccu02 eum001-253 172.16.176.2 - 172.16.176.254 eum254-300 172.16.17...

  • Page 267

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 249 cap03 ccu01 sub001-253 172.16.30.1 - 172.16.30.254 sub254-300 172.16.31.1 - 172.16.31.46 ccu02 sub001-253 172.16.34.1 - 172.16.34.254 sub254-300 172.16.35.1 - 172.16.35.46 ccu03 sub001-253 172.16.38.1 - 172.16.38.254 sub254-300 172.16.39.1 - 172.16.39.46 cap04 ccu01 sub001-253 172...

  • Page 268

    250 apcd-lm043-4.0 cap08 ccu01 sub001-253 172.16.90.1 - 172.16.90.254 sub254-300 172.16.91.1 - 172.16.91.46 ccu02 sub001-253 172.16.94.1 - 172.16.94.254 sub254-300 172.16.95.1 - 172.16.95.46 ccu03 sub001-253 172.16.98.1 - 172.16.98.254 sub254-300 172.16.99.1 - 172.16.99.97 cap09 ccu01 sub001-253 172...

  • Page 269

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 251 cap13 ccu01 sub001-253 172.16.150.1 - 172.16.150.254 sub254-300 172.16.151.1 - 172.16.151.46 ccu02 sub001-253 172.16.154.1 - 172.16.154.254 sub254-300 172.16.155.1 - 172.16.155.46 ccu03 sub001-253 172.16.158.1 - 172.16.158.254 sub254-300 172.16.159.1 - 172.16.159.46 cap14 ccu01 su...

  • Page 270

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  • Page 271: Appendix J

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 253 appendix j acronyms and glossary table 100 acronyms and abbreviations acronym or abbreviation definition abwm advanced bandwidth manager ac alternating current api application programming interface arp address resolution protocol arq automatic retry request ascii american standard...

  • Page 272

    254 apcd-lm043-4.0 dsr data set ready dsss direct-sequence spread spectrum dte data terminal equipment esd electrostatic discharge esn electronic serial number etsi european telecommunications standards for industry eum end-user modem fcc federal communications commission (u.S.A.) fru field replacea...

  • Page 273

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 255 nat network address translation ncl network communication link ntp network time protocol oam operations, administration and maintenance oid object identifier os operating system pat port address translation pc personal computer pcf permanent configuration file phy physical layer r...

  • Page 274

    256 apcd-lm043-4.0 table 101 lms4000 network glossary term definition lms4000 rf subsystem the rf equipment associated with an lms4000, including ccus, rfsm, antennas, and transmission lines. Bandwidth manager the entity in the lms4000 that uses various algorithms to manage end-user access to the ne...

  • Page 275

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 257 gos (grade of service) a level of service associated with an eum, which determines how often, and when, an eum will be polled. Since an eum can only send one packet each time it is polled, the data rate is related to the polling rate. Ip (internet protocol) the network-layer proto...

  • Page 276

    258 apcd-lm043-4.0 rip (routing information protocol) a routing protocol in which network routers periodically broadcast their entire current routing database. Router a network device that routes ip messages from one physical port to another based on a table of routes that are manually entered by a ...

  • Page 277

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 259 tcp (transmission control protocol) the connection-oriented transport layer protocol that provides reliable, full-duplex data transmission in tcp/ip networks. Telnet a terminal emulation program for tcp/ip networks. Udp (user datagram protocol) part of the tcp/ip protocol suite, w...

  • Page 278

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  • Page 279: Index

    Apcd-lm043-4.0 261 index a acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 , 20 antenna guidelines . . . . . . . . 181 , 241 connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 atmel...

  • Page 280

    262 apcd-lm043-4.0 temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 mdr statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226 mibs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 n nat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

  • Page 281

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  • Page 282

    Telephone: +1 416–502–3161 fax: +1 416–502–2968 email: techsupport@waverider.Com url: www.Waverider.Com.