- DL manuals
- Keithley
- Multimeter
- 2000
- Calibration Manual
Keithley 2000 Calibration Manual
Summary of 2000
Page 1
Model 2000 multimeter calibration manual a g r e a t e r m e a s u r e o f c o n f i d e n c e.
Page 2: Warranty
Warranty keithley instruments, inc. Warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of 3 years from date of shipment. Keithley instruments, inc. Warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable batteries, diskette...
Page 3
Model 2000 multimeter calibration manual ©1994, keithley instruments, inc. All rights reserved. Cleveland, ohio, u.S.A. Fourth printing december 2001 document number: 2000-905-01 rev. D title page page 1 monday, december 10, 2001 9:09 pm.
Page 4: Manual Print History
Manual print history the print history shown below lists the printing dates of all revisions and addenda created for this manual. The revision level letter increases alphabetically as the manual undergoes sub- sequent updates. Addenda, which are released between revisions, contain important change i...
Page 5: Afety Precautions
The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any associated instrumentation. Although some instruments and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions may be present. This product is intended for...
Page 6
Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under test or power line (earth) ground. Al- ways make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being measured. The instrument and accessories...
Page 7: Table of Contents
Table of contents 1 performance verification introduction..........................................................................................1-2 verification test requirements ..............................................................1-3 performing the verification test procedures ...........
Page 8: List of Illustrations
List of illustrations 1 performance verification connections for dc volts verification................................................. 1-7 connections for ac volts verification ................................................. 1-8 connections for dc current verification ...............................
Page 9: List of Tables
List of tables 1 performance verification recommended verification equipment ................................................1-4 dcv reading limits..............................................................................1-7 acv reading limits .......................................................
Page 10
1 performance verification.
Page 11: Introduction
Introduction use the procedures in this section to verify that the model 2000 multimeter accuracy is within the limits stated in the instrument’s one-year accuracy specifications. You can perform verifica- tion procedures: • when you first receive the instrument to make sure that it was not damaged ...
Page 12
Verification test requirements be sure that you perform the verification tests: • under the proper environmental conditions. • after the specified warm-up period. • using the correct line voltage. • using the proper calibration equipment. • using the specified reading limits. Environmental condition...
Page 13
Recommended test equipment table 1-1 summarizes recommended verification equipment. Use the fluke model 5700a calibrator (or the equivalent) to verify model 2000 multimeter measurement accuracy. You can use alternate equipment as long as that equipment has specifications at least as good as those li...
Page 14
Verification limits the verification limits stated in this section have been calculated using only the model 2000 one-year accuracy specifications, and they do not include test equipment uncertainty. If a par- ticular measurement falls slightly outside the allowable range, recalculate new limits bas...
Page 15
Performing the verification test procedures test summary verification test procedures include: • dc volts • ac volts • dc current • ac current • resistance if the model 2000 is not within specifications and not under warranty, see the calibration pro- cedures in section 2. Test considerations when p...
Page 16: Verifying Dc Voltage
Verifying dc voltage check dc voltage accuracy by applying accurate dc voltages from the calibrator to the mod- el 2000 input jacks and verifying that the display reads within specified limits. Follow these steps to verify the dc voltage: 1. Connect the model 2000 hi and lo input jacks to the dc vol...
Page 17: Verifying Ac Voltage
Verifying ac voltage check ac voltage accuracy by applying accurate ac voltages at specific frequencies from the calibrator to the model 2000 inputs and verifying that the display reads within specified lim- its. Caution do not exceed 1000 v peak between input hi and input lo, or 8 × 10 7 v•hz input...
Page 18
Table 1-3 acv reading limits acv range applied ac voltage reading limits (1 year, 18°c-28°c) 1khz 50khz 100mv 1v 10v 100v 750v 100.0000mv 1.000000v 10.00000v 100.0000v 700.000v* 99.9100 to 100.0900mv 0.999100 to 1.000900v 9.99100 to 10.00900v 99.9100 to 100.0900v 699.355 to 700.645v 99.8300 to 100.1...
Page 19: Verifying Dc Current
Verifying dc current check dc current accuracy by applying accurate dc currents from the calibrator to the amps input of the model 2000 and verifying that the display reads within specified limits. Fol- low these steps to verify dc current accuracy: 1. Connect the model 2000 amps and input lo jacks ...
Page 20: Verifying Ac Current
Verifying ac current check ac current accuracy by applying accurate ac current at specific frequencies from the calibrator to the model 2000 input and verifying that the display reads within specified limits. Follow these steps to verify the ac current: 1. Connect the model 2000 amps and input lo ja...
Page 21: Verifying Resistance
Verifying resistance check resistance by connecting accurate resistance values from the calibrator to the model 2000 and verifying that its resistance readings are within the specified limits. Follow these steps to verify resistance accuracy: 1. Using shielded 4-wire connections, connect the model 2...
Page 22
Table 1-6 limits for resistance verification Ω range nominal applied resistance nominal reading limits (1 year, 18°c-28°c) recalculated limits low limit high limit 100 Ω 1k Ω 10k Ω 100k Ω 1m Ω 10m Ω 100m Ω 100 Ω 1k Ω 10k Ω 100k Ω 1m Ω 10m Ω 100m Ω 99.9860 to 100.0140 Ω 0.999890 to 1.000110k Ω 9.9989...
Page 23
2 calibration.
Page 24: Introduction
Introduction use the procedures in this section to calibrate the model 2000. Calibration procedures in- clude: • comprehensive calibration: calibrate dc and ac voltages, dc and ac currents, and resistance values. • manufacturing calibration: usually only performed at the factory. Warning this inform...
Page 25: Environmental Conditions
Environmental conditions conduct the calibration procedures in a location that has: • an ambient temperature of 23°c ±5°c • a relative humidity of less than 80% unless otherwise noted warm-up period allow the model 2000 multimeter to warm up for at least one hour before performing cali- bration. If ...
Page 26: Calibration Considerations
Calibration considerations when performing the calibration procedures: • make sure that the equipment is properly warmed up and connected to the appropriate input jacks. Also make sure that the correct input jacks are selected with the inputs switch. • make sure the calibrator is in operate before y...
Page 27: Calibration Code
Calibration code comprehensive calibration code before performing comprehensive (user) calibration, you must first unlock calibration by en- tering the appropriate calibration code. Front panel calibration code for front panel calibration, follow these steps: 1. Access the calibration menu by pressi...
Page 28: Comprehensive Calibration
Comprehensive calibration the comprehensive calibration procedure calibrates the dcv, dci, acv, aci, and ohms functions you can also choose to calibrate only dcv/dci and resistance, or the acv/aci func- tions. These procedures are usually the only ones required in the field. Manufacturing calibratio...
Page 29: Front Panel Calibration
Front panel calibration follow the steps in the following paragraphs for comprehensive, dc only, and ac only cali- bration procedures. The procedures for front panel calibration include: • preparing the model 2000 for calibration • front panel short and open calibration • dc voltage calibration • re...
Page 30
Front panel short and open calibration at the model 2000 prompt for a front panel short, do the following: 1. Connect the model 8610 low-thermal short to the instrument front panel input and sense terminals as shown in figure 2-1. Make sure the inputs button is not pressed in so that the front input...
Page 31
Dc voltage calibration after the front panel short and open procedure, the unit will prompt you for the first dc volt- age: +10v. Do the following: 1. Connect the calibrator to the model 2000 as shown in figure 2-2. Wait three minutes to allow for thermal equilibrium before proceeding. Note although...
Page 32
Note if your calibrator cannot output the values recommended in table 2-3, use the left and right arrow keys, and the up and down range keys to set the model 2000 display value to match the calibrator output voltage. Resistance calibration completing the 100v dc calibration step ends the dc voltage ...
Page 33
Dc current calibration after the 1m Ω resistance point has been calibrated, the unit will prompt you for 10ma. Fol- low these steps for dc current calibration: 1. Connect the calibrator to the amps and input lo terminals of the model 2000 as shown in figure 2-3. 2. Calibrate each current step summar...
Page 34
Ac voltage calibration follow these steps for ac voltage calibration: 1. Connect the calibrator to the model 2000 input hi and lo terminals as shown in fig- ure 2-4. 2. Perform the calibration steps summarized in table 2-6. For each step: • set the calibrator to the indicated value, and make sure th...
Page 35
Ac current calibration after the 700vac at 1khz point has been calibrated, the unit will prompt you for 100ma at 1khz. Follow these steps for ac current calibration: 1. Connect the calibrator to the amps and input lo terminals of the model 2000 as shown in figure 2-3. 2. Perform the calibration step...
Page 36: Scpi Command Calibration
Scpi command calibration follow the steps in this section to use scpi commands to perform comprehensive, dc only, and ac only calibration procedures. See section 3 for a detailed list and description of scpi cal- ibration commands. When sending calibration commands, be sure that the model 2000 compl...
Page 37
Front panel short and open calibration 1. Connect the model 8610 low-thermal short to the instrument input and sense termi- nals as shown in figure 2-1. Make sure the inputs button is not pressed in so that the front inputs are active. Wait at least three minutes before proceeding to allow for therm...
Page 38
Resistance calibration follow these steps for resistance calibration: 1. Set the calibrator to the resistance mode, and turn on external sensing. Note use external sense (4-wire Ω ) when calibrating all resistance ranges. Be sure that the calibrator external sense mode is turned on. 2. Perform the c...
Page 39
Dc current calibration after the 1m Ω resistance point has been calibrated, follow these steps for dc current cali- bration: 1. Connect the calibrator to the amps and input lo terminals of the model 2000 as shown in figure 2-3. 2. Perform the calibration steps listed in table 2-10. For each step: • ...
Page 40
Ac voltage calibration follow these steps for ac voltage calibration: 1. Connect the calibrator to the model 2000 input hi and lo terminals as shown in fig- ure 2-4. 2. Perform the calibration steps summarized in table 2-11. For each step: • set the calibrator to the indicated voltage and frequency,...
Page 41
Programming calibration dates program the present calibration date and calibration due date by sending the following com- mands: :cal:prot:date , , :cal:prot:ndue , , for example, the following commands assume calibration dates of 12/15/95 and 3/14/96 re- spectively: :cal:prot:date 1995, 12, 15 :cal...
Page 42: Manufacturing Calibration
Manufacturing calibration the manufacturing procedure is normally performed only at the factory, but the necessary steps are included here in case the unit is repaired, and the unit requires these calibration proce- dures. Note if the unit has been repaired, the entire comprehensive calibration proc...
Page 43
Front panel calibration 1. Connect the low-thermal short to the rear panel input jacks, and select the rear inputs with the inputs switch. Allow three minutes for thermal equilibrium. 2. Press in and hold the open key while turning on the power. 3. Press shift then cal, select run, then enter the ap...
Page 44
Scpi command calibration 1. Connect the low-thermal short to the rear panel input jacks, and select the rear inputs with the inputs switch. Allow three minutes for thermal equilibrium. 2. Press in and hold the open key while turning on the power. 3. Enable calibration by sending the :code command. F...
Page 45
3 calibration command reference.
Page 46: Introduction
Introduction this section contains detailed information about the various model 2000 scpi bus calibra- tion commands. Section 2 of this manual covers detailed calibration procedures. For information about additional commands to control other instrument functions, refer to the model 2000 user's manua...
Page 47
Information in this section includes: command summary: summarizes all commands necessary to perform comprehensive and factory calibration. Miscellaneous calibration commands: gives detailed explanations of the various com- mands used for miscellaneous functions such as programming the calibration co...
Page 48: Command Summary
Command summary table 3-1 summarizes model 2000 calibration commands. Table 3-1 calibration command summary command description :calibration :protected :code ‘’ :count? :initiate :lock :lock? :save :date , , :date? :ndue , , :ndue? :dc :step0 :step1 :step2 :step3 :step4 :step5 :step6 :step7 :step8 :...
Page 49
:calibration :protected :ac :step1 :step2 :step3 :step4 :step5 :step6 :step7 :step8 :step9 :step10 :step11 :step12 :step13 :step14 :step15 calibration root command. Ac cal steps. 10mv ac at 1khz step. 100mv ac at 1khz step. 100mv ac at 50khz step. 1v ac at 1 khz step. 1v ac at 50khz step. 10v ac at ...
Page 50
Miscellaneous calibration commands miscellaneous commands perform calibration functions such as programming the calibration code and date. These commands are discussed in detail in the following paragraphs. :code (:calibration:protected:code) purpose to program the calibration code or password so th...
Page 51
:init (:calibration:protected:initiate) purpose to initiate comprehensive and factory calibration procedures. Format :cal:prot:init parameter none description the :init command enables model 2000 calibration when performing these procedures over the bus. This command must be sent to the unit after s...
Page 52
:save (:calibration:protected:save) purpose to save calibration constants in eerom after the calibration procedure. Format :cal:prot:save parameter none description the :save command stores internally calculated calibration constants de- rived during both comprehensive and manufacturing calibration ...
Page 53
:ndue :calibration:protected:ndue) purpose to send the next calibration due date to the instrument. Format :cal:prot:ndue , , parameters = 1994 to 2093 = 1 to 12 = 1 to 31 query format :cal:prot:ndue? Response , , description the :ndue command allows you to store the date when calibration is next du...
Page 54: Dc Calibration Commands
Dc calibration commands the :dc commands perform comprehensive (user) calibration of the dcv, dci, and ohms functions. Table 3-2 summarizes these comprehensive calibration commands along with param- eter limits. Table 3-2 dc calibration commands command description parameter limits :calibration :pro...
Page 55
:step1 (:calibration:protected:dc:step1) purpose to perform front terminal short-circuit calibration. Format :cal:prot:dc:step1 parameter none description :step1 performs the short-circuit calibration step in the comprehensive cal- ibration procedure. Connect a low-thermal short (model 8610) to the ...
Page 56
:step4 (:calibration:protected:dc:step4) purpose to program the -10v dc comprehensive calibration step. Format :cal:prot:dc:step4 parameter = -9 to -11 [v] description :step4 programs the -10v dc comprehensive calibration step. The allow- able range of the calibration voltage parameter is from -9 to...
Page 57
:step7 (:calibration:protected:dc:step7) purpose to program the 10k Ω 4-wire comprehensive calibration step. Format :cal:prot:dc:step7 parameter = 9e3 to 11e3 [ Ω ] description :step7 programs the 10k Ω 4-wire resistance comprehensive calibration step. The allowable range of the calibration resistan...
Page 58
:step10 (calibration:protected:dc:step10) purpose to program the 10ma comprehensive calibration step. Format :cal:prot:dc:step10 parameter = 9e-3 to 11e-3 [a] description :step10 programs the 10ma comprehensive calibration step. The allowable range of the calibration current parameter is from 9e-3 t...
Page 59: Ac Calibration Commands
Ac calibration commands the :ac commands perform comprehensive (user) calibration of the acv and aci functions. Table 3-3 summarizes these comprehensive calibration commands. Table 3-3 ac calibration commands command description :calibration :protected :ac :step 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 10mv ac...
Page 60
:ac:step (calibration:protected:ac:step) purpose to program individual ac calibration steps. Format :cal:prot:ac:step parameters 1 10mv ac at 1khz calibration step. 2 100mv ac at 1khz calibration step. 3 100mv ac at 50khz calibration step. 4 1v ac at 1khz calibration step. 5 1v ac at 50khz calibrati...
Page 61
Manufacturing calibration commands three calibration steps are only performed at the factory or when the unit has been repaired: :calibration:protected:ac:step14 1v ac at 3hz :calibration:protected:ac:step15 1v ac at 1khz :calibration:protected:dc:step0 rear terminal short circuit :ac:step (calibrat...
Page 62: Bus Error Reporting
Bus error reporting methods to determine calibration errors are discussed below. Refer to appendix b for a sum- mary of calibration errors and additional information on specific errors. Detecting calibration errors if an error occurs during any calibration step, the model 2000 will generate an error...
Page 63
Detecting calibration step completion when sending calibration commands over the remote interface, you must wait until the in- strument completes the present operation before sending a command. You can use either *opc? Or *opc to help determine when each calibration step is completed. Using the *opc...
Page 64
Generating an srq on calibration complete an srq (service request) can be used to detect operation complete instead of repeatedly poll- ing the model 2000. To use this method, send both *ese 1 and *sre 32 to the instrument, then include the *opc command at the end of each calibration command line, a...
Page 65
A specifications.
Page 66
Jmm 8/8/01 rev. E 2000 6½-digit multimeter specifications dc characteristics conditions: med (1 plc) 1 or slow (10 plc) accuracy: ±(ppm of reading + ppm of range) or med (1 plc) with filter of 10 (ppm = parts per million) (e.G., 10ppm = 0.001%) function range resolution test current or burden voltag...
Page 67
Jmm 8/8/01 rev. E 2000 6½-digit multimeter specifications dc operating characteristics 2 function digits readings/s plcs 8 6½ 3, 4 5 10 6½ 3, 7 30 1 6½ 3, 5 50 1 5½ 3, 5 270 0.1 5½ 5 500 0.1 5½ 5 1000 0.04 dcv (all ranges), dci (all ranges), and ohms ( 4½ 5 2000 0.01 dc system speeds 2, 6 range chan...
Page 68
Jmm 8/8/01 rev. E 2000 6½-digit multimeter specifications true rms ac voltage and current characteristics accuracy 1 : ±(% of reading + % of range), 23°c ±5 °c voltage range resolution calibration cycle 3 hz-10 hz 10 hz-20 khz 20 khz-50 khz 50 khz-100 khz 100 khz-300 khz 100.0000 mv 0.1 µv 1.000000 ...
Page 69
Jmm 8/8/01 rev. E 2000 6½-digit multimeter specifications frequency and period characteristics 1, 2 acv range frequency range period range gate time resolution ±(ppm of reading) accuracy 90 day/1 year ±(%of reading) 100 mv to 750 v 3 hz to 500 khz 333 ms to 2 µs 1 s (slow) 0.3 0.01 frequency notes 1...
Page 70
Jmm 8/8/01 rev. E 2000 6½-digit multimeter specifications triggering and memory reading hold sensitivity: 0.01%, 0.1%, 1%, or 10% of reading. Trigger delay: 0 to 99 hrs (1ms step size). External trigger latency: 200µs + off, trigger delay = 0. Memory: 1024 readings. Math functions rel, min/max/avera...
Page 71: Accuracy Calculations
Accuracy calculations the information below discusses how to calculate accuracy for both dc and ac characteris- tics. Calculating dc characteristics accuracy dc characteristics accuracy is calculated as follows: accuracy = ±(ppm of reading + ppm of range) (ppm = parts per million, and 10ppm = 0.001%...
Page 72
Calculating dbm characteristics accuracy as an example of how to calculate the actual reading limits for a 13dbm measurement with a reference impedance of 50 Ω , assume an applied signal 0.998815v. The relationship between voltage and dbm is as follows: from the previous example on calculating dc ch...
Page 73
Calculating db characteristics accuracy the relationship between voltage and db is as follows: as an example of how to calculate the actual readings limits for db, with a user-defined v ref of 10v, you must calculate the voltage accuracy and apply it to above equation. To calculate a -60db measureme...
Page 74
Optimizing measurement accuracy the configurations listed below assume that the multimeter has had factory setups restored. Dc voltage, dc current, and resistance: • select 6 ½ digits, 10 plc, filter on (up to 100 readings), fixed range. • use rel on dc voltage and 2-wire resistance measurements. • ...
Page 75: Optimizing Measurement Speed
Optimizing measurement speed the configurations listed below assume that the multimeter has had factory setups restored. Dc voltage, dc current, and resistance: select 3 ½ digits, 0.01 plc, filter off, fixed range. Ac voltage and ac current: select 3 ½ digits, 0.01 plc, filter off, fixed range. Temp...
Page 76
A-12 specifications.
Page 77
B error messages.
Page 78: Introduction
Introduction errors that may occur during model 2000 calibration are summarized in table b-1. These er- rors may be requested by using the :syst:err? Query. The table shows the error number and error message string as sent by the instrument. Table b-1 error summary error number description +400 +401...
Page 79
+459 +460 +461 +462 +463 +464 +465 +466 +467 +468 +469 +470 +471 +472 +473 +459, “10 vac zero error” +460, “10 vac full scale error” +461, “10 vac noise error” +462, “100 vac zero error” +463, “100 vac full scale error” +464, “750 vac zero error” +465, “750 vac full scale error” +466, “750 vac noise...
Page 80
C calibration program.
Page 81: Introduction
Introduction this appendix includes a calibration program written in basic to help you calibrate the model 2000. Refer to section 2 for more details on calibration procedures, equipment, and con- nections. Computer hardware requirements the following computer hardware is required to run the calibrat...
Page 82: General Program Instructions
General program instructions 1. With the power off, connect the model 2000 and the calibrator to the ieee-488 interface of the computer. Be sure to use shielded ieee-488 cables for bus connections. 2. Turn on the computer, the model 2000, and the calibrator. Allow the model 2000 and the calibrator t...
Page 83
Case 4, 5, 11, 12, 14 to 22, 24 to 25 print #1, "output 4;"; msg$ print #1, "output 4;oper" case 6 to 9 print #1, "output 4;"; msg$ print #1, "output 4;extsense on" print #1, "output 4;oper" print #1, "output 4;out?" print #1, "enter 4" input #2, r, r$, s cmd$ = cmd$ + " " + str$(r) case 10, 13, 23 ...
Page 84
Do: print #1, "output 4;isr?" ' query status register. Print #1, "enter 4" input #2, s loop until (s and &h1000) ' test settle bit. Return ' endprog: ' close files, end program. Beep: print "calibration aborted." print #1, "output 4;stby" print #1, "output 16;:syst:pres" print #1, "local 4 16" close...
Page 85: Index
Index symbol :acstep 3-17 :acstep 3-18 :code 3-6 :count? 3-6 :date 3-8 :dcstep0 3-18 :init 3-7 :lock 3-7 :lock? 3-7 :ndue 3-9 :save 3-8 :step1 3-11 :step2 3-11 :step3 3-11 :step4 3-12 :step5 3-12 :step6 3-12 :step7 3-13 :step8 3-13 :step9 3-13 :step10 3-14 :step11 3-14 :step12 3-15 a ac calibration ...
Page 86
S saving calibration constants 2-19 scpi command calibration 2-14, 2-22 setting calibration dates 2-13 software requirements c-2 specifications a-1 status byte eav (error available) bit 3-19 t test considerations 1-6 u unlocking manufacturing calibration 2-20 using the *opc command 3-20 using the *o...
Page 87: Service Form
Service form model no. _____________ serial no. _________________ date_________________ name and telephone no. ________________________________________________________ company ______________________________________________________________________ list all control settings, describe problem and check...
Page 88
Specifications are subject to change without notice. All keithley trademarks and trade names are the property of keithley instruments, inc. All other trademarks and trade names are the property of their respective companies. Keithley instruments, inc. 28775 aurora road • cleveland, ohio 44139 • 440-...