1. DL manuals
  2. ABB
  3. Protection Device
  4. REQ650
  5. Applications Manual

ABB REQ650 Applications Manual

Manual is about: Breaker protection

Summary of REQ650

  • Page 1

    Relion® 650 series — breaker protection req650 version 2.2 application manual.

  • Page 3

    Document id: 1mrk 505 383-uen issued: october 2017 revision: a product version: 2.2.1 © copyright 2017 abb. All rights reserved.

  • Page 4

    Copyright this document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written permission from abb, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party, nor used for any unauthorized purpose. The software and hardware described in this document is furnished under a license and...

  • Page 5

    Disclaimer the data, examples and diagrams in this manual are included solely for the concept or product description and are not to be deemed as a statement of guaranteed properties. All persons responsible for applying the equipment addressed in this manual must satisfy themselves that each intende...

  • Page 6

    Conformity this product complies with the directive of the council of the european communities on the approximation of the laws of the member states relating to electromagnetic compatibility (emc directive 2004/108/ec) and concerning electrical equipment for use within specified voltage limits (low-...

  • Page 7

    Table of contents section 1 introduction.....................................................................13 this manual...................................................................................... 13 intended audience.........................................................................

  • Page 8

    Relationships between setting parameter base current, ct rated primary current and minimum pickup of a protection ied.. 49 setting of voltage channels......................................................... 49 example................................................................................. ...

  • Page 9

    Common settings for all steps................................................ 91 2nd harmonic restrain.............................................................92 parallel transformer inrush current logic.................................93 switch onto fault logic.....................................

  • Page 10

    Setting guidelines...................................................................... 117 equipment protection, such as for motors, generators, reactors and transformers.................................................... 118 equipment protection, capacitors..........................................

  • Page 11

    Identification.............................................................................. 133 application.................................................................................133 synchronizing.......................................................................133 synchrocheck..........

  • Page 12

    Automatic continuation of the auto reclosing sequence....... 159 thermal overload protection holding the auto recloser back159 setting guidelines...................................................................... 159 configuration......................................................................

  • Page 13

    Three-phase tripping............................................................ 194 single- and/or three-phase tripping...................................... 194 single-, two- or three-phase tripping.................................... 196 lock-out......................................................

  • Page 14

    Setting guidelines...................................................................... 209 comparator for integer inputs - intcomp..................................... 210 identification.............................................................................. 210 application.....................

  • Page 15

    Consideration....................................................................... 239 logical signal status report binstatrep..................................... 240 identification.............................................................................. 240 application.........................

  • Page 16

    Horizontal communication via goose..................................... 255 sending data........................................................................ 255 receiving data......................................................................255 iec/uca 61850-9-2le communication protocol........

  • Page 17

    Ied identifiers terminalid.......................................................... 289 application.................................................................................289 product information prodinf....................................................... 289 application....................

  • Page 18

    Section 17 requirements...............................................................309 current transformer requirements.................................................. 309 current transformer basic classification and requirements....... 309 conditions...............................................

  • Page 19

    Section 1 introduction 1.1 this manual guid-ab423a30-13c2-46af-b7fe-a73bb425eb5f v18 the application manual contains application descriptions and setting guidelines sorted per function. The manual can be used to find out when and for what purpose a typical protection function can be used. The manual...

  • Page 20

    1.3 product documentation 1.3.1 product documentation set guid-3aa69ea6-f1d8-47c6-a8e6-562f29c67172 v15 iec07000220-4-en.Vsd p la n n in g & p u rc h a se e n gi n e e rin g in st a lli n g c o m m is si o n in g o p e ra tio n m ai n te n a n ce d e co m m is si o n in g d e in st a lli n g & d is ...

  • Page 21

    Describes the process of testing an ied in a station which is not in service. The chapters are organized in the chronological order in which the ied should be commissioned. The relevant procedures may be followed also during the service and maintenance activities. The operation manual contains instr...

  • Page 22

    1.3.3 related documents guid-94e8a5ca-be1b-45af-81e7-5a41d34ee112 v5 documents related to req650 document numbers application manual 1mrk 505 383-uen commissioning manual 1mrk 505 385-uen product guide 1mrk 505 386-ben technical manual 1mrk 505 384-uen type test certificate 1mrk 505 386-ten 650 seri...

  • Page 23

    The caution hot surface icon indicates important information or warning about the temperature of product surfaces. Class 1 laser product. Take adequate measures to protect the eyes and do not view directly with optical instruments. The caution icon indicates important information or warning related ...

  • Page 24

    • the character ^ in front of an input/output signal name indicates that the signal name may be customized using the pcm600 software. • the character * after an input signal name indicates that the signal must be connected to another function block in the application configuration to achieve a valid...

  • Page 25

    Function block name edition 1 logical nodes edition 2 logical nodes cvgapc gf2lln0 gf2mmxn gf2phar gf2ptov gf2ptuc gf2ptuv gf2pvoc ph1ptrc gf2mmxn gf2phar gf2ptov gf2ptuc gf2ptuv gf2pvoc ph1ptrc cvmmxn cvmmxn cvmmxn dpgapc dpggio dpgapc drprdre drprdre drprdre ef4ptoc ef4lln0 ef4ptrc ef4rdir gen4pha...

  • Page 26

    Function block name edition 1 logical nodes edition 2 logical nodes phpioc phpioc phpioc qcbay qcbay bay/lln0 qcrsv qcrsv qcrsv rchlcch rchlcch rchlcch refpdif refpdif refpdif rov2ptov gen2lln0 ph1ptrc rov2ptov ph1ptrc rov2ptov schlcch schlcch schlcch scilo scilo scilo scswi scswi scswi sesrsyn rsy1...

  • Page 27

    Function block name edition 1 logical nodes edition 2 logical nodes zcpsch zcpsch zcpsch zcrwpsch zcrwpsch zcrwpsch zcvpsof zcvpsof zcvpsof zmfpdis zmflln0 psfpdis zmfpdis zmfptrc zmmmxu psfpdis psfpdis zmfpdis zmfptrc zmmmxu 1mrk 505 383-uen a section 1 introduction breaker protection req650 2.2 ie...

  • Page 28

    22.

  • Page 29

    Section 2 application 2.1 general ied application guid-3f024d79-d031-42dc-b0bc-1f3757b8d3e0 v4 breaker protection req650 provides a standalone solution for applications where synchrocheck controlled closing of the circuit breaker is required, but the integration of the automatic reclosing function i...

  • Page 30

    Iec 61850 data model, but all other aspects of the ied will remain unchanged (e.G., names on the local hmi and names in the tools). This offers significant flexibility to adapt the ied to the customers' system and standard solution. Guid-f5776dd1-bd04-4872-bb89-a0412b4b5cc3 v1 the following tables l...

  • Page 31

    2.3 control and monitoring functions guid-e3777f16-0b76-4157-a3bf-0b6b978863de v15 iec 61850 or function name ansi function description breaker req650 (b11) control sesrsyn 25 synchrocheck, energizing check and synchronizing 1 smbrrec 79 autorecloser 1 qcbay bay control 1 locrem handling of lr-switc...

  • Page 32

    Iec 61850 or function name ansi function description breaker req650 (b11) and, gate, inv, lld, or, pulsetimer, rsmemory, srmemory, timerset, xor basic configurable logic blocks (see table 2 ) 40–420 fxdsign fixed signal function block 1 b16i boolean to integer conversion, 16 bit 18 btigapc boolean t...

  • Page 33

    Iec 61850 or function name ansi function description breaker req650 (b11) ssimg 63 insulation supervision for gas medium 21 ssiml 71 insulation supervision for liquid medium 3 sscbr circuit breaker condition monitoring 3 event event function 20 drprdre, a1radr- a4radr, b1rbdr- b22rbdr disturbance re...

  • Page 34

    Iec 61850 or function name ansi function description breaker req650 (b11) protocol operation selection between spa and iec 60870-5-103 for slm 1 rs485prot operation selection for rs485 1 rs485gen rs485 1 dnpgen dnp3.0 communication general protocol 1 chserrs485 dnp3.0 for eia-485 communication proto...

  • Page 35

    Iec 61850 or function name ansi function description breaker req650 (b11) frontstatus access point diagnostic for front ethernet port 1 schlcch access point diagnostic for non-redundant ethernet port 4 rchlcch access point diagnostic for redundant ethernet ports 2 dhcp dhcp configuration for front a...

  • Page 36

    Table 4: local hmi functions iec 61850 or function name ansi description lhmictrl local hmi signals language local human machine language screen local hmi local human machine screen behavior fnkeyty1–fnkeyty5 fnkeymd1– fnkeymd5 parameter setting function for hmi in pcm600 ledgen general led indicati...

  • Page 37

    Section 3 configuration 3.1 description of configuration req650 3.1.1 introduction guid-79b8bc84-4aab-44e7-86cd-ff63098b009d v2 the basic delivery includes one binary input module and one binary output module, which is sufficient for the default configured io to trip and close circuit breaker. All i...

  • Page 38

    Qb1 qb2 qa1 qb9 qc9 wa1 wa2 req650 b11 – single breaker with single phase tripping 12ai (7i+5u) cc rbrf 50bf 3i>bf ef4 ptoc 51n_67n 4(in>) ef pioc 50n in>> ph pioc 50 3i>> vn mmxu met un vn mmxu met un s simg 63 s siml 71 wa2_vt wa1_vt line_ct line_vt smp ptrc 94 1->0 smb rrec 79 5(0 →1) smp ptrc 94...

  • Page 39

    Section 4 analog inputs 4.1 introduction semod55003-5 v11 analog input channels must be configured and set properly in order to get correct measurement results and correct protection operations. For power measuring, all directional and differential functions, the directions of the input currents mus...

  • Page 40

    4.2.1 setting of the phase reference channel semod55055-5 v3 all phase angles are calculated in relation to a defined reference. An appropriate analog input channel is selected and used as phase reference. The parameter phaseangleref defines the analog channel that is used as phase angle reference. ...

  • Page 41

    Transformer protection transformer line line setting of current input: set parameter ctstarpoint with transformer as reference object. Correct setting is "toobject" forward reverse definition of direction for directional functions line protection setting of current input: set parameter ctstarpoint w...

  • Page 42

    Transformer protection transformer line setting of current input: set parameter ctstarpoint with transformer as reference object. Correct setting is "toobject" forward reverse definition of direction for directional functions line protection setting of current input: set parameter ctstarpoint with t...

  • Page 43

    Transformer and line protection transformer line setting of current input: set parameter ctstarpoint with transformer as reference object. Correct setting is "toobject" reverse forward definition of direction for directional line functions setting of current input: set parameter ctstarpoint with tra...

  • Page 44

    Transformer and line protection transformer line setting of current input for transformer functions: set parameter ctstarpoint with transformer as reference object. Correct setting is "toobject" forward reverse definition of direction for directional line functions setting of current input for trans...

  • Page 45

    4.2.2.4 examples on how to connect, configure and set ct inputs for most commonly used ct connections semod55055-296 v7 figure 9 defines the marking of current transformer terminals commonly used around the world: in the smai function block, you have to set if the smai block is measuring current or ...

  • Page 46

    It is recommended to: • use 1a rated ct input into the ied in order to connect cts with 1a and 2a secondary rating • use 5a rated ct input into the ied in order to connect cts with 5a and 10a secondary rating 4.2.2.5 example on how to connect a star connected three-phase ct set to the ied semod55055...

  • Page 47

    Where: 1) the drawing shows how to connect three individual phase currents from a star connected three-phase ct set to the three ct inputs of the ied. 2) the current inputs are located in the trm. It shall be noted that for all these current inputs the following setting values shall be entered for t...

  • Page 48

    L1 il 1 il 2 il 3 l2 l3 protected object ct 800/1 star connected il1 il2 il3 ied iec11000026-4-en.Vsdx 4 1 2 3 smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n 5 in iec11000026 v4 en-us figure 11: star connected three-phase ct set with its star point away from the protecte...

  • Page 49

    L1 il 1 il 2 il 3 l2 l3 protected object ct 800/1 star connected il1 il2 il3 in ied 1 3 4 2 5 iec06000644-4-en.Vsdx 6 smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n iec06000644 v4 en-us figure 12: star connected three-phase ct set with its star point away from the protec...

  • Page 50

    5) is a connection made in the signal matrix tool (smt) and application configuration tool (act), which connects the residual/neutral current input to the fourth input channel of the preprocessing function block 6). Note that this connection in smt shall not be done if the residual/neutral current i...

  • Page 51

    L1 il 1 il 2 il 3 l2 l3 protected object ied c t 600 /5 in d e lta d a b c o nn e c te d il1-il2 il2-il3 il3-il1 1 2 3 4 iec11000027-3-en.Vsdx smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n iec11000027 v3 en-us figure 13: delta dab connected three-phase ct set 1mrk 505 3...

  • Page 52

    Where: 1) shows how to connect three individual phase currents from a delta connected three-phase ct set to three ct inputs of the ied. 2) is the trm where these current inputs are located. It shall be noted that for all these current inputs the following setting values shall be entered. Ct prim =60...

  • Page 53

    L1 il 1 il 2 il 3 l2 l3 protected object ied c t 800 /1 in d e lta d a c c o n n e ct e d il3-il2 il2-il1 il1-il3 2 3 4 iec11000028-3-en.Vsdx smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n 1 iec11000028 v3 en-us figure 14: delta dac connected three-phase ct set in this c...

  • Page 54

    For correct terminal designations, see the connection diagrams valid for the delivered ied. Protected object l1 l2 l3 ied in p ins ins 2 iec11000029-4-en.Vsdx 4 3 c t 1000 /1 a) b) (+) (+) (-) (-) (+) (-) 1 smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n iec11000029 v4 en...

  • Page 55

    4.2.3 relationships between setting parameter base current, ct rated primary current and minimum pickup of a protection ied guid-8eb19363-9178-4f04-a6ac-af0c2f99c5ab v1 note that for all line protection applications (e.G. Distance protection or line differential protection) the parameter base curren...

  • Page 56

    132 110 3 3 kv v equation2016 v1 en-us (equation 1) the following setting should be used: vtprim=132 (value in kv) vtsec=110 (value in v) 4.2.4.2 examples how to connect, configure and set vt inputs for most commonly used vt connections semod55055-60 v6 figure 16 defines the marking of voltage trans...

  • Page 57

    4.2.4.3 examples on how to connect a three phase-to-earth connected vt to the ied semod55055-87 v9 figure 17 gives an example on how to connect a three phase-to-earth connected vt to the ied. It gives an overview of required actions by the user in order to make this measurement available to the buil...

  • Page 58

    L1 ied l2 132 2 110 2 kv v 1 3 2 132 2 110 2 kv v iec16000140-1-en.Vsdx 4 smai2 block ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l1l2 ^grp2n ai2p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ain 5 iec16000140 v1 en-us figure 18: a two phase-to-earth connected vt where: 1) shows how to connect three secondary phase-to-earth voltages to three vt input...

  • Page 59

    3) are three connections made in signal matrix tool (smt), which connect these three voltage inputs to first three input channels of the preprocessing function block 5). Depending on the type of functions which need this voltage information, more then one preprocessing block might be connected in pa...

  • Page 60

    L1 ied l2 l3 13.8 120 kv v 1 2 #not used 13.8 120 kv v . 5 iec06000600-5-en.Vsdx 4 smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n 3 iec06000600 v5 en-us figure 19: a two phase-to-phase connected vt where: 1) shows how to connect the secondary side of a phase-to-phase vt ...

  • Page 61

    3) are three connections made in the signal matrix tool (smt), application configuration tool (act), which connects these three voltage inputs to first three input channels of the preprocessing function block 5). Depending on the type of functions, which need this voltage information, more than one ...

  • Page 62

    L1 ied l2 l3 6.6 3 110 3 kv v +3uo 6.6 3 110 3 kv v 6.6 3 110 3 kv v 1 2 4 3 # not used 5 iec06000601-4-en.Vsdx # not used # not used smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n iec06000601 v4 en-us figure 20: open delta connected vt in high impedance earthed power sy...

  • Page 63

    Where: 1) shows how to connect the secondary side of the open delta vt to one vt input on the ied. +3u0 shall be connected to the ied 2) is the trm where this voltage input is located. It shall be noted that for this voltage input the following setting values shall be entered: 3 6.6 11.43 vtprim kv ...

  • Page 64

    4.2.4.6 example how to connect the open delta vt to the ied for low impedance earthed or solidly earthed power systems semod55055-199 v6 figure 21 gives an example about the connection of an open delta vt to the ied for low impedance earthed or solidly earthed power systems. It shall be noted that t...

  • Page 65

    1 l1 ied l2 l3 138 3 115 3 kv v +3uo 138 3 115 3 kv v 138 3 115 3 kv v iec06000602-4-en.Vsdx # not used # not used # not used smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n 2 3 4 5 iec06000602 v4 en-us figure 21: open delta connected vt in low impedance or solidly earthe...

  • Page 66

    Where: 1) shows how to connect the secondary side of open delta vt to one vt input in the ied. +3uo shall be connected to the ied. 2) is trm where this voltage input is located. It shall be noted that for this voltage input the following setting values shall be entered: 138 3 138 3 vtprim kv = × = e...

  • Page 67

    Section 5 local hmi amu0600442 v14 iec13000239-3-en.Vsd iec13000239 v3 en-us figure 22: local human-machine interface the lhmi of the ied contains the following elements: • keypad • display (lcd) • led indicators • communication port for pcm600 1mrk 505 383-uen a section 5 local hmi breaker protecti...

  • Page 68

    The lhmi is used for setting, monitoring and controlling. 5.1 display guid-55739d4f-1da5-4112-b5c7-217aaf360ea5 v11 the lhmi includes a graphical monochrome liquid crystal display (lcd) with a resolution of 320 x 240 pixels. The character size can vary. The amount of characters and rows fitting the ...

  • Page 69

    Feedback signal for the function button control action. The led is connected to the required signal with pcm600. Iec13000281-1-en.Vsd guid-c98d972d-d1d8-4734-b419-161dbc0dc97b v1 en-us figure 24: function button panel the indication led panel shows on request the alarm text labels for the indication...

  • Page 70

    5.2 leds amu0600427 v13 the lhmi includes three status leds above the display: ready, start and trip. There are 15 programmable indication leds on the front of the lhmi. Each led can indicate three states with the colors: green, yellow and red. The texts related to each three-color led are divided i...

  • Page 71

    Iec16000076-1-en.Vsd iec16000076 v1 en-us figure 26: openclose_led connected to sxcbr 5.3 keypad amu0600428 v17 the lhmi keypad contains push-buttons which are used to navigate in different views or menus. The push-buttons are also used to acknowledge alarms, reset indications, provide help and swit...

  • Page 72

    1 18 19 7 6 5 4 3 2 8 20 21 22 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 23 24 iec15000157-2-en.Vsd iec15000157 v2 en-us figure 27: lhmi keypad with object control, navigation and command push- buttons and rj-45 communication port 1...5 function button 6 close 7 open 8 escape 9 left 10 down 11 up 12 right 13 key 14...

  • Page 73

    20 clear 21 help 22 communication port 23 programmable indication leds 24 ied status leds 5.4 local hmi functionality 5.4.1 protection and alarm indication guid-09ccb9f1-9b27-4c12-b253-fbe95ea537f5 v15 protection indicators the protection indicator leds are ready, start and trip. The start and trip ...

  • Page 74

    Table 7: trip led (red) led state description off normal operation. On a protection function has tripped. An indication message is displayed if the auto-indication feature is enabled in the local hmi. The trip indication is latching and must be reset via communication, lhmi or binary input on the le...

  • Page 75

    5.4.3 front communication guid-fd72a445-c8c1-4bfe-90e3-0ac78ae17c45 v11 the rj-45 port in the lhmi enables front communication. • the green uplink led on the left is lit when the cable is successfully connected to the port. • the yellow led is not used; it is always off. Iec13000280-1-en.Vsd 1 2 gui...

  • Page 76

    70

  • Page 77

    Section 6 current protection 6.1 instantaneous phase overcurrent protection phpioc ip14506-1 v6 6.1.1 identification m14880-1 v5 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number instantaneous phase overcurrent protection phpioc 3i>> symbol-z v1 en-...

  • Page 78

    6.1.3 setting guidelines ip14979-1 v1 m12915-4 v9 the parameters for instantaneous phase overcurrent protection phpioc are set via the local hmi or pcm600. This protection function must operate only in a selective way. So check all system and transient conditions that could cause its unwanted operat...

  • Page 79

    Should be done using the minimum source impedance values for z a and the maximum source impedance values for z b in order to get the maximum through fault current from a to b. ~ ~ z a z b z l a b ied i fb fault iec09000022-1-en.Vsd iec09000022 v1 en-us figure 29: through fault current from a to b: i...

  • Page 80

    The minimum primary setting (is) for the instantaneous phase overcurrent protection is then: min 1.3 s i i ³ × equation79 v3 en-us (equation 12) the protection function can be used for the specific application only if this setting value is equal to or less than the maximum fault current that the ied...

  • Page 81

    Iec09000025-1-en.Vsd ~ ~ z a z b z l1 a b i m fault ied z l2 m c line 1 line 2 iec09000025 v1 en-us figure 32: two parallel lines. Influence from parallel line to the through fault current: i m the minimum theoretical current setting for the overcurrent protection function (imin) will be: imin max i...

  • Page 82

    6.2 directional phase overcurrent protection, four steps oc4ptoc semod129998-1 v8 6.2.1 identification m14885-1 v6 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number directional phase overcurrent protection, four steps oc4ptoc toc-reva v2 en-us 51_67...

  • Page 83

    Protections, they should have the same time delay characteristic. Therefore, a wide range of standardized inverse time characteristics are available for iec and ansi. It is also possible to tailor make the inverse time characteristic. Normally, it is required that the phase overcurrent protection sh...

  • Page 84

    Common base ied values for primary current (ibase), primary voltage (ubase) and primary power (sbase) are set in the global base values for settings function gbasval. Globalbasesel: this is used to select gbasval function for reference of base values. Meastype: selection of discrete fourier filtered...

  • Page 85

    U ref i dir iec09000636_2_vsd 1 2 2 3 4 iec09000636 v2 en-us figure 33: directional function characteristic 1. Rca = relay characteristic angle 2. Roa = relay operating angle 3. Reverse 4. Forward 6.2.3.1 settings for each step m12982-19 v10 x means step 1, 2, 3 and 4. Dirmodex: the directional mode...

  • Page 86

    Table 9: inverse time characteristics curve name ansi extremely inverse ansi very inverse ansi normal inverse ansi moderately inverse ansi/ieee definite time ansi long time extremely inverse ansi long time very inverse ansi long time inverse iec normal inverse iec very inverse iec inverse iec extrem...

  • Page 87

    Txmin: minimum operate time for all inverse time characteristics. At high currents the inverse time characteristic might give a very short operation time. By setting this parameter the operation time of the step can never be shorter than the setting. Setting range: 0.000 - 60.000s in steps of 0.001s...

  • Page 88

    For ansi inverse time characteristics, all three types of reset time characteristics are available: instantaneous (1), iec (2 = set constant time reset) and ansi (3 = current dependent reset time). For iec inverse time characteristics, the possible delay time settings are instantaneous (1) and iec (...

  • Page 89

    Operate current current (a) the ied does not reset line phase current time (s) reset current iec05000203-en-2.Vsd iec05000203 v4 en-us figure 35: operate and reset current for an overcurrent protection the lowest setting value can be written according to equation 18 . Im ax ipu 1.2 k ³ × equation126...

  • Page 90

    The protection must be calculated. Taking this value as a base, the highest pickup current setting can be written according to equation 19 . Ipu 0.7 isc min £ × equation1263 v2 en-us (equation 19) where: 0.7 is a safety factor iscmin is the smallest fault current to be detected by the overcurrent pr...

  • Page 91

    Selectivity is assured if the time difference between the curves is larger than a critical time difference. Time-current curves fault current 10 10 0.01 10000 en05000204.Ai str tfunc1 n n tfunc2 trip time n iec05000204 v2 en-us figure 36: fault time with maintained selectivity the operation time can...

  • Page 92

    Example for time coordination assume two substations a and b directly connected to each other via one line, as shown in the figure 37 . Consider a fault located at another line from the station b. The fault current to the overcurrent protection of ied b1 has a magnitude so that the overcurrent prote...

  • Page 93

    40 100 40 40 220 t ms ms ms ms ms d ³ + + + = equation1266 v1 en-us (equation 22) where it is considered that: the operate time of overcurrent protection b1 is 40 ms the breaker open time is 100 ms the resetting time of protection a1 is 40 ms and the additional margin is 40 ms 6.3 instantaneous resi...

  • Page 94

    Globalbasesel: this is used to select gbasval function for reference of base values. The basic requirement is to assure selectivity, that is efpioc shall not be allowed to operate for faults at other objects than the protected object (line). For a normal line in a meshed system single phase-to-earth...

  • Page 95

    A safety margin of 5% for the maximum static inaccuracy and a safety margin of 5% for maximum possible transient overreach have to be introduced. An additional 20% is suggested due to inaccuracy of instrument transformers under transient conditions and inaccuracy in the system data. The minimum prim...

  • Page 96

    ( ) 100 s in i ibase iecequation17003 v1 en-us (equation 27) transformer inrush current shall be considered. The setting of the protection is set as a percentage of the base current (ibase). Operation: set the protection to on or off. In>>: set operate current in % of ib. In>>max and in>>min should ...

  • Page 97

    Common base ied values for primary current (ibase), primary voltage (ubase) and primary power (sbase) are set in the global base values for settings function gbasval. Globalbasesel: this is used to select gbasval function for reference of base values. Seqtypeupol: this is used to select the type of ...

  • Page 98

    • voltage (3u 0 or u 2 ) • current (3i 0 · znpol or 3i 2 ·znpol where znpol is rnpol + jxnpol), or • both currents and voltage, dual (dual polarizing, (3u 0 + 3i 0 · znpol) or (u 2 + i 2 · znpol)). Normally voltage polarizing from the internally calculated residual sum or an external open delta is u...

  • Page 99

    At current transformer saturation a false residual current can be measured by the protection. Here the 2 nd harmonic restrain can prevent unwanted operation as well. 2ndharmstab: the rate of 2nd harmonic current content for activation of the 2nd harmonic restrain signal. The setting is given in % of...

  • Page 100

    6.4.2.4 switch onto fault logic m15282-106 v4 in case of energizing a faulty object there is a risk of having a long fault clearance time, if the fault current is too small to give fast operation of the protection. The switch on to fault function can be activated from auxiliary signals from the circ...

  • Page 101

    Dirmodex: the directional mode of step x. Possible settings are off/non- directional/forward/reverse. Characteristx: selection of time characteristic for step x. Definite time delay and different types of inverse time characteristics are available. Inverse time characteristic enables fast fault clea...

  • Page 102

    Iminx operate time current tx txmin iec10000058 iec10000058 v2 en-us figure 43: minimum operate current and operate time for inverse time characteristics in order to fully comply with the curves definition, the setting parameter txmin shall be set to the value which is equal to the operate time of t...

  • Page 103

    Tprcrvx, ttrcrvx, tcrcrvx: parameters for user programmable of inverse reset time characteristic curve. Further description can be found in the technical reference manual. 6.5 four step directional negative phase sequence overcurrent protection ns4ptoc guid-e8cf8aa2-af54-4fd1-a379-3e55dca2fa3a v1 6....

  • Page 104

    Clearance, the directional function can be necessary. This can be the case for unsymmetrical fault protection in meshed and effectively earthed transmission systems. The directional negative sequence overcurrent protection is also well suited to operate in teleprotection communication schemes, which...

  • Page 105

    For some protection applications there can be a need to change the current operating level for some time. Therefore there is a possibility to give a setting of a multiplication factor ixmult to the negative sequence current pick-up level. This multiplication factor is activated from a binary input s...

  • Page 106

    Curve name ansi/ieee definite time ansi long time extremely inverse ansi long time very inverse ansi long time inverse iec normal inverse iec very inverse iec inverse iec extremely inverse iec short time inverse iec long time inverse iec definite time user programmable asea ri rxidg (logarithmic) th...

  • Page 107

    Iminx operate time current tx txmin iec10000058 iec10000058 v2 en-us figure 44: minimum operate current and operation time for inverse time characteristics resettypecrvx: the reset of the delay timer can be made in different ways. By choosing setting there are the following possibilities: curve name...

  • Page 108

    [ ] = + × - > æ ö ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷ æ ö ç ÷ ç ÷ è ø è ø p a t s b k i c in equation1189 v1 en-us (equation 29) further description can be found in the technical reference manual (trm). Tprcrvx, ttrcrvx, tcrcrvx: parameters for customer creation of inverse reset time characteristic curve. Further descripti...

  • Page 109

    Anglerca forward area iop = i2 upol=-u2 reverse area iec10000031-1-en.Vsd iec10000031 v1 en-us figure 45: relay characteristic angle given in degree in a transmission network a normal value of rca is about 80°. Upolmin: minimum polarization (reference) voltage % of ubase. I>dir: operate residual cur...

  • Page 110

    6.6.1 identification m17106-1 v7 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number thermal overload protection, one time constant, celsius lcpttr 26 thermal overload protection, one time constant, fahrenheit lfpttr 26 6.6.2 application m15283-3 v9 l...

  • Page 111

    M15094-5 v10 the following settings can be done for the thermal overload protection. Operation: off/on globalbasesel is used to select a gbasval function for reference of base values, primary current (ibase), primary voltage (ubase) and primary power (sbase). Imult: enter the number of lines in case...

  • Page 112

    6.7.1 identification m14878-1 v5 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number breaker failure protection, 3-phase activation and output ccrbrf 3i>bf symbol-u v1 en-us 50bf 6.7.2 application m13916-3 v7 in the design of the fault clearance syste...

  • Page 113

    Small. This can be the case for some generator protection application (for example reverse power protection) or in case of line ends with weak end infeed. Retripmode: this setting states how the re-trip function shall operate. Retrip off means that the re-trip function is not activated. Cb pos check...

  • Page 114

    Functionmode is set current/contact breaker failure for high current faults are safely detected by the current measurement function. To increase security the contact based function should be disabled for high currents. The setting can be given within the range 5 – 200% of ibase. In>: residual curren...

  • Page 115

    Time the fault occurs protection operate time trip and start ccrbrf normal t cbopen margin retrip delay t1 t cbopen after re-trip t bfpreset minimum back-up trip delay t2 critical fault clearance time for stability iec05000479_2_en.Vsd iec05000479 v2 en-us figure 46: time sequence t2mph: time delay ...

  • Page 116

    6.8 stub protection stbptoc ip14515-1 v3 6.8.1 identification m17108-1 v2 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number stub protection stbptoc 3i>stub symbol-t v1 en-us 50stb 6.8.2 application m12904-3 v5 in a 1½-breaker switchyard the line pro...

  • Page 117

    Iec05000465 v2 en-us figure 47: typical connection for stbptoc in 1½-breaker arrangement. 6.8.3 setting guidelines m12909-3 v5 the parameters for stub protection stbptoc are set via the local hmi or pcm600. The following settings can be done for the stub protection. Globalbasesel: selects the global...

  • Page 118

    I>: current level for the stub protection, set in % of ibase. This parameter should be set so that all faults on the stub can be detected. The setting should thus be based on fault calculations. T: time delay of the operation. Normally the function shall be instantaneous. 6.9 broken conductor check ...

  • Page 119

    Section 7 voltage protection 7.1 two step undervoltage protection uv2ptuv ip14544-1 v3 7.1.1 identification m16876-1 v7 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number two step undervoltage protection uv2ptuv 3u symbol-r-2u-greater-than v2 en-us 2...

  • Page 120

    In many cases, uv2ptuv is a useful function in circuits for local or remote automation processes in the power system. 7.1.3 setting guidelines m13851-3 v9 all the voltage conditions in the system where uv2ptuv performs its functions should be considered. The same also applies to the associated equip...

  • Page 121

    7.1.3.6 settings for two step undervoltage protection m13851-65 v14 the following settings can be done for two step undervoltage protection uv2ptuv: conntype: sets whether the measurement shall be phase-to-earth fundamental value, phase-to-phase fundamental value, phase-to-earth rms value or phase-t...

  • Page 122

    Resettypecrvn: this parameter for inverse time characteristic can be set to instantaneous, frozen time, linearly decreased. The default setting is instantaneous. Tiresetn: reset time for step n if inverse time delay is used, given in s. The default value is 25 ms. Kn: time multiplier for inverse tim...

  • Page 123

    7.2.2 application m13799-3 v9 two step overvoltage protection ov2ptov is applicable in all situations, where reliable detection of high voltage is necessary. Ov2ptov is used for supervision and detection of abnormal conditions, which, in combination with other protection functions, increase the secu...

  • Page 124

    Which is normally set to the nominal voltage level (phase-to-phase) of the power system or the high voltage equipment under consideration. The time delay for the ov2ptov can sometimes be critical and related to the size of the overvoltage - a power system or a high voltage component can withstand sm...

  • Page 125

    Operation: off/on. Ubase (given in globalbasesel): base voltage phase to phase in primary kv. This voltage is used as reference for voltage setting. Ov2ptov measures selectively phase-to-earth voltages, or phase-to-phase voltage chosen by the setting conntype. The function will operate if the voltag...

  • Page 126

    Tresetn: reset time for step n if definite time delay is used, given in s. The default value is 25 ms. Tnmin: minimum operation time for inverse time characteristic for step n, given in s. For very high voltages the overvoltage function, using inverse time characteristic, can give very short operati...

  • Page 127

    7.3 two step residual overvoltage protection rov2ptov ip14546-1 v4 7.3.1 identification semod54295-2 v6 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number two step residual overvoltage protection rov2ptov 2(u0>) iec15000108 v1 en-us 59n 7.3.2 applica...

  • Page 128

    Situations, where the residual overvoltage protection is used to protect some specific equipment, the time delay is shorter. Some applications and related setting guidelines for the residual voltage level are given below. 7.3.3.1 equipment protection, such as for motors, generators, reactors and tra...

  • Page 129

    3 u 0 ul 1 iec07000190-2-en.Vsd iec07000190 v2 en-us figure 48: earth fault in non-effectively earthed systems 7.3.3.5 direct earthed system guid-ea622f55-7978-4d1c-9af7-2bab5628070a v8 in direct earthed systems, an earth fault on one phase is indicated by voltage collapse in that phase. The other h...

  • Page 130

    7.3.3.6 settings for two step residual overvoltage protection m13853-21 v13 operation: off or on ubase (given in globalbasesel) is used as voltage reference for the set pickup values. The voltage can be fed to the ied in different ways: 1. The ied is fed from a normal voltage transformer group where...

  • Page 131

    Example, in the case of the protection of a transformer that might be overexcited. The time delay must be co-ordinated with other automated actions in the system. Tresetn: reset time for step n if definite time delay is used, given in s. The default value is 25 ms. Tnmin: minimum operation time for ...

  • Page 132

    7.4 loss of voltage check lovptuv semod171868-1 v2 7.4.1 identification semod171954-2 v2 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number loss of voltage check lovptuv - 27 7.4.2 application semod171876-4 v3 the trip of the circuit breaker at a pro...

  • Page 133

    Section 8 secondary system supervision 8.1 current circuit supervision ccsspvc ip14555-1 v5 8.1.1 identification m14870-1 v5 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number current circuit supervision ccsspvc - 87 8.1.2 application m12395-13 v9 op...

  • Page 134

    Current circuit supervision ccsspvc compares the residual current from a three- phase set of current transformer cores with the neutral point current on a separate input taken from another set of cores on the same current transformer. Iminop: it must be set as a minimum to twice the residual current...

  • Page 135

    First case influences the operation of all voltage-dependent functions while the second one does not affect the impedance measuring functions. The negative sequence detection algorithm, based on the negative-sequence measuring quantities is recommended for use in isolated or high-impedance earthed n...

  • Page 136

    Fuse fail when closing the local breaker when the line is already energized from the other end. When the remote breaker closes the voltage will return except in the phase that has a persistent fuse fail. Since the local breaker is open there is no current and the dead phase indication will persist i...

  • Page 137

    100 2 2 3 ibase i i equation1520 v5 en-us (equation 37) where: i2 is the maximal negative sequence current during normal operating conditions, plus a margin of 10...20% ibase is the base current for the function according to the setting globalbasesel 8.2.3.4 zero sequence based m13683-43 v8 the ied ...

  • Page 138

    The setting of du> should be set high (approximately 60% of ubase) and the current threshold di low (approximately 10% of ibase) to avoid unwanted operation due to normal switching conditions in the network. The delta current and delta voltage function shall always be used together with either the n...

  • Page 139

    Section 9 control 9.1 synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing sesrsyn ip14558-1 v4 9.1.1 identification m14889-1 v4 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing sesrsyn sc/vc symbol-m ...

  • Page 140

    The bus and line frequencies must also be within a range of ±5 hz from the rated frequency. When the synchronizing option is included also for autoreclose there is no reason to have different frequency setting for the manual and automatic reclosing and the frequency difference values for synchronism...

  • Page 141

    9.1.2.2 synchrocheck m12309-6 v10 the main purpose of the synchrocheck function is to provide control over the closing of circuit breakers in power networks in order to prevent closing if conditions for synchronism are not detected. It is also used to prevent the re- connection of two systems, which...

  • Page 142

    With a long operation time and high sensitivity regarding the frequency difference. The phase angle difference setting can be set for steady state conditions. Another example is the operation of a power network that is disturbed by a fault event: after the fault clearance a highspeed auto-reclosing ...

  • Page 143

    Between cb a and cb b is energized (dllb) from substation 1 via the circuit breaker a and energization of station 2 is done by cb b energization check device for that breaker dbll. (or both). 1 2 a energizingcheck uhighbusenerg > 50 - 120 % of gblbaseselbus uhighlineenerg > 50 - 120 % of gblbasesell...

  • Page 144

    Selected depends on the status of the breakers and/or disconnectors. By checking the status of the disconnectors auxiliary contacts, the right voltages for the synchronizing, synchrocheck and energizing check functions can be selected. Available voltage selection types are for single circuit breaker...

  • Page 145

    Iec07000118 v3 en-us figure 53: selection of the energizing direction from a local hmi symbol through a selector switch function block. 9.1.3 application examples m12323-3 v7 the synchronizing function block can also be used in some switchyard arrangements, but with different parameter settings. Bel...

  • Page 146

    9.1.3.1 single circuit breaker with single busbar m12324-3 v12 wa1_mcb line wa1 qb1 qa1 iec10000093-4-en.Vsd line_vt line_mcb wa1_mcb sesrsyn u3pbb1* u3pbb2* u3pln1* u3pln2* grp_off ub1ok ub1ff uln1ok uln1ff wa1_vt wa1_vt line_vt line_mcb wa1_mcb iec10000093 v4 en-us figure 54: connection of sesrsyn...

  • Page 147

    9.1.3.2 single circuit breaker with double busbar, external voltage selection m12325-3 v8 wa1 wa2 qb1 qb2 line qa1 iec10000094-4-en.Vsd wa2_mcb wa1_mcb line_vt line_mcb sesrsyn u3pbb1* u3pbb2* u3pln1* u3pln2* grp_off ub1ok ub1ff uln1ok uln1ff wa1_vt/ wa2_vt line_vt line_mcb wa1_mcb/ wa2_mcb wa1_mcb ...

  • Page 148

    When internal voltage selection is needed, the voltage transformer circuit connections are made according to figure 56 . The voltage from the busbar 1 vt is connected to u3pbb1 and the voltage from busbar 2 is connected to u3pbb2. The voltage from the line vt is connected to u3pln1. The positions of...

  • Page 149

    Cbconfig this configuration setting is used to define type of voltage selection. Type of voltage selection can be selected as: • no voltage selection, no voltage sel. • single circuit breaker with double bus, double bus • 1 1/2 circuit breaker arrangement with the breaker connected to busbar 1, 1 1/...

  • Page 150

    The setting freqdiffmin is the minimum frequency difference where the systems are defined to be asynchronous. For frequency differences lower than this value, the systems are considered to be in parallel. A typical value for freqdiffmin is 10 mhz. Generally, the value should be low if both synchroni...

  • Page 151

    Phase equality. At the setting of 10 mhz, the beat time is 100 seconds and the setting would thus need to be at least tminsynch plus 100 seconds. If the network frequencies are expected to be outside the limits from the start, a margin needs to be added. A typical setting is 600 seconds. Tminsynch t...

  • Page 152

    Tscm and tsca the purpose of the timer delay settings, tscm and tsca, is to ensure that the synchrocheck conditions remains constant and that the situation is not due to a temporary interference. Should the conditions not persist for the specified time, the delay timer is reset and the procedure is ...

  • Page 153

    Via the extinguishing capacitors in the circuit breakers. This voltage can be as high as 30% or more of the base line voltage. Because the setting ranges of the threshold voltages uhighbusenerg/ uhighlineenerg and ulowbusenerg/ulowlineenerg partly overlap each other, the setting conditions may be su...

  • Page 154

    Reclosing of the line breakers. The dead time selected should be long enough to ensure a high probability of arc de-ionization and successful reclosing. For individual line breakers, auto reclosing equipment, the required circuit breaker dead time is used to determine the “dead time” setting value. ...

  • Page 155

    To maximize the availability of the power system it is possible to choose single- phase tripping and automatic reclosing during single-phase faults and three-phase tripping and automatic reclosing during multi-phase faults. Three-phase automatic reclosing can be performed with or without the use of ...

  • Page 156

    Reclosing shots have a rather long delay. When multiple shots are used the dead time must harmonize with the breaker duty-cycle capacity. Automatic reclosing is usually started by the line protection and in particular by instantaneous tripping of such protection. The auto recloser can be inhibited (...

  • Page 157

    A permanent fault will cause the line protection to trip again when it recloses in an attempt to energize the line. The auto reclosing function allows a number of parameters to be adjusted. Examples: • number of auto reclosing shots • auto reclosing program • auto reclosing dead times for each shot ...

  • Page 158

    • cbready, circuit breaker ready for a reclosing cycle, for example, charged operating gear. • cbclosed to ensure that the circuit breaker was closed when the line fault occurred and start was applied. • no signal at inhibit input that is, no blocking or inhibit signal present. After the start has b...

  • Page 159

    A time extension delay, textended t1, can be added to the dead time delay for the first shot. It is intended to come into use if the communication channel for permissive line protection is lost. In a case like this there can be a significant time difference in fault clearance at the two line ends, w...

  • Page 160

    (operating energy stored). Start input (or starths) is received and sealed-in. The ready output is reset (set to false). Active output is set. • if tr2p and tr3p inputs are low (i.E. Single-phase trip): the timer for single- phase auto reclosing dead time is started and the 1pt1 output (single-phase...

  • Page 161

    9.2.2.12 armode = 1/2ph + 1*3ph, 1-phase, 2-phase or 3-phase reclosing in the first shot guid-9c2fb801-f324-465e-8fd2-715a9c3d0bd8 v2 at single-phase or two-phase tripping, the operation is as in the example described above, program mode 1/2/3ph. If the first reclosing shot fails, a three-phase trip...

  • Page 162

    A start of a new auto reclosing cycle during the set “reclaim time” is blocked when the set number of reclosing shots have been reached. 9.2.2.14 external selection of auto reclosing mode m12391-241 v5 the auto reclosing mode can be selected by use of available logic function blocks. Below is an exa...

  • Page 163

    The circuit breaker remains closed and the operating gear recharges. The cbclosed and cbready input signals will be set. 9.2.2.18 permanent fault and reclosing unsuccessful signal m12391-211 v5 if a new start occurs, and the number of auto reclosing shots is set to 1, and a new start or trsotf input...

  • Page 164

    Internally with the manual closing going through the synchrocheck function. An example of lock-out logic. Lock-out rxmd1 11 12 21 main zak close close command smbo or smbrrec or ccrbrf bu-trip zcvpsof-trip inhibit unsuccl trbu iec05000315-4-en.Vsd iec05000315-wmf v4 en-us figure 59: lock-out arrange...

  • Page 165

    Reclosing will be started from zero. The sequence will continue as a three-phase auto reclosing sequence, if it is a selected alternative reclosing mode. The second fault which can be single-phase is tripped three-phase because the trip function (smpptrc) in the ied has an evolving fault timer which...

  • Page 166

    Cbclosed and cbready these binary inputs should pick-up information from the circuit breaker. At three operating gears in the circuit breaker (single pole operated circuit breakers) the connection should be “all poles closed” (series connection of the no contacts) or “at least one pole open” (parall...

  • Page 167

    Rstcount there is a counter for each type of auto reclosing and one for the total number of circuit breaker close commands issued. All counters are reset with the rstcount input or by an iec 61850 command. Skiphs the high-speed auto reclosing sequence can be skipped and be replaced by normal auto re...

  • Page 168

    Needs to be connected only if the trip function block has been selected to give 1ph/2ph/3ph trip and an auto reclosing cycle with two phase reclosing is foreseen. Trsotf this is the signal “trip by switch onto fault”. It is usually connected to the “switch onto fault” output of line protection if mu...

  • Page 169

    Closecb connect to a binary output for circuit breaker closing command. Count1p, count2p, count3p1, count3p2, count3p3, count3p4 and count3p5 indicates the number of auto reclosing shots made for respective shot. Countar indicates the total number of auto reclosing shots made. Inhibout if the inhibi...

  • Page 170

    Syncfail the syncfail output indicates that the auto recloser is inhibited because the synchrocheck or energizing check condition has not been fulfilled within the set time interval, tsync. Also aborted output will be activated. Unsuccl indicates unsuccessful reclosing. Connection and setting exampl...

  • Page 171

    On off blkon blkoff inhibit blocked seton inprogr active unsuccl succl closecb permit1p cbready cbclosed plclost 3pt1 wfmaster reset start 1pt1 2pt1 trsotf tr2p tr3p sync input xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx or output xx or protection xxxx-trip zcvpsof-trip trip-tr2p trip-tr3p sesrsyn-autook ef4ptoc-...

  • Page 172

    The power system configuration and the users practices and preferences. When the circuit breaker only have three-phase operation, then three-phase auto reclosing has to be chosen. This is usually the case in sub-transmission and distribution lines. Three-phase tripping and reclosing for all types of...

  • Page 173

    Circuitbreaker settings cbreadytype: the selection depends on the type of performance available from the circuit breaker operating gear. At setting oco (circuit breaker ready for an open – close – open cycle), the condition is checked only at the start of the auto reclosing cycle. The signal will di...

  • Page 174

    And the risk of a new fault within a short time is negligible. A typical time may be treclaim = 60 or 180 s dependent on the fault level and circuit breaker duty cycle. Tsync: maximum wait time for fulfilled synchrocheck conditions. The time window should be coordinated with the operate time and oth...

  • Page 175

    Permissive (not strict) line protection scheme, for instance a power line carrier (plc) link, may not always be available. If lost, it can result in delayed tripping at one end of a line. There is a possibility to extend the auto reclosing dead time in such a case by use of the plclost input, and th...

  • Page 176

    9.3.1 application ip14931-1 v1 m13443-4 v13 the apparatus control is a functionality for control and supervising of circuit breakers, disconnectors, and earthing switches within a bay. Permission to operate is given after evaluation of conditions from other functions such as interlocking, synchroche...

  • Page 177

    • substitution of position indications • overriding of interlocking functions • overriding of synchrocheck • pole discordance supervision • operation counter • suppression of mid position the apparatus control function is realized by means of a number of function blocks designated: • switch controll...

  • Page 178

    En05000116.Vsd iec 61850 iec05000116 v2 en-us figure 64: signal flow between apparatus control function blocks when all functions are situated within the ied section 9 1mrk 505 383-uen a control 172 breaker protection req650 2.2 iec application manual.

  • Page 179

    Merging unit bay level ied xcbr xcbr xcbr scswi iec 61850 on station bus xswi qcbay scilo scswi goosexlnrcv scilo xlnproxy goosexlnrcv xlnproxy -qa1 -qb1 -qb9 goose over process bus iec16000070-1-en.Vsdx iec16000070 v1 en-us figure 65: signal flow between apparatus control functions with xcbr and xs...

  • Page 180

    Accepted originator categories for psto if the requested command is accepted by the authority control, the value will change. Otherwise the attribute blocked-by-switching-hierarchy is set in the cause signal. If the psto value is changed during a command, then the command is aborted. The accepted or...

  • Page 181

    (local hmi on the ied) or from all (local and remote). The local/remote switch position can also be set to off, which means no operator place selected that is, operation is not possible either from local or from remote. For iec 61850-8-1 communication, the bay control function can be set to discrimi...

  • Page 182

    • a request initiates to reserve other bays to prevent simultaneous operation. • actual position inputs for interlocking information are read and evaluated if the operation is permitted. • the synchrocheck/synchronizing conditions are read and checked, and performs operation upon positive response. ...

  • Page 183

    The realizations of these functions are done with sxcbr representing a circuit breaker and with sxswi representing a circuit switch that is, a disconnector or an earthing switch. Circuit breaker (sxcbr) can be realized either as three one-phase switches or as one three-phase switch. The content of t...

  • Page 184

    Iec16000071 v1 en-us figure 67: configuration with xlnproxy and goosexlnrcv where all the iec 61850 modelled data is used, including selection section 9 1mrk 505 383-uen a control 178 breaker protection req650 2.2 iec application manual.

  • Page 185

    Iec16000072 v1 en-us figure 68: configuration with xlnproxy and goosexlnrcv where only the mandatory data in the iec 61850 modelling is used all the information from the xlnproxy to the scswi about command following status, causes for failed command and selection status is transferred in the output ...

  • Page 186

    Table 18: possible cause values from xlnproxy cause no cause description conditions 8 blocked-by-mode the beh input is 5. 2 blocked-by-switching-hierarchy the loc input indicates that only local commands are allowed for the breaker ied function. -24 blocked-for-open-cmd the blkopn is active indicati...

  • Page 187

    • the logical node interlocking (scilo) provides the information to scswi whether it is permitted to operate due to the switchyard topology. The interlocking conditions are evaluated with separate logic and connected to scilo . • the synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing (sesrsyn) calcul...

  • Page 188

    Sxcbr (circuit breaker) interlocking function block (not a ln) scswi (switching control) qcbay (bay control) smbrrec (auto- reclosure) i/o trip close rel. S ta rt a r close cb position operator place selection scswi (switching control) sxswi (disconnector) open cmd close cmd position sesrsyn (synchr...

  • Page 189

    9.3.3.1 bay control (qcbay) m16670-3 v7 if the parameter allpstovalid is set to no priority, all originators from local and remote are accepted without any priority. If the parameter remoteincstation is set to yes, commands from iec 61850-8-1 clients at both station and remote level are accepted, wh...

  • Page 190

    Function. If tsynchrocheck is set to 0, no synchrocheck is done, before starting the synchronizing function. The timer tsynchronizing supervises that the signal synchronizing in progress is obtained in scswi after start of the synchronizing function. The start signal for the synchronizing is set if ...

  • Page 191

    The default length is set to 200 ms for a circuit breaker (sxcbr) and 500 ms for a disconnector (sxswi). 9.3.3.4 proxy for signals from switching device via goose xlnproxy guid-7c253fe7-6e02-4f94-96c7-81c9129d925d v1 the switchtype setting controls the evaluation of the operating capability. If swit...

  • Page 192

    Position selector switch. Hardware selector switches are used extensively by utilities, in order to have different functions operating on pre-set values. Hardware switches are however sources for maintenance issues, lower system reliability and extended purchase portfolio. The virtual selector switc...

  • Page 193

    9.5.1 identification semod167850-2 v4 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number selector mini switch vsgapc - 43 9.5.2 application semod158803-5 v8 selector mini switch (vsgapc) function is a multipurpose function used in the configuration t...

  • Page 194

    9.6 single point generic control 8 signals spc8gapc semod176448-1 v3 9.6.1 identification semod176456-2 v3 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number single point generic control 8 signals spc8gapc - - 9.6.2 application semod176511-4 v6 the s...

  • Page 195

    9.7.1 identification guid-c3bb63f5-f0e7-4b00-af0f-917ecf87b016 v4 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number automationbits, command function for dnp3 autobits - - 9.7.2 application semod158637-5 v4 automation bits, command function for dnp3 ...

  • Page 196

    The ieds may be provided with a function to receive commands either from a substation automation system or from the local hmi. That receiving function block has outputs that can be used, for example, to control high voltage apparatuses in switchyards. For local control functions, the local hmi can a...

  • Page 197

    Single command function singlecmd cmdouty outy function n en04000207.Vsd function n iec04000207 v2 en-us figure 72: application example showing a logic diagram for control of built-in functions single command function singlesmd cmdouty outy device 1 user- defined conditions configuration logic circu...

  • Page 198

    Parameters to be set are mode, common for the whole block, and cmdouty which includes the user defined name for each output signal. The mode input sets the outputs to be one of the types off, steady, or pulse. • off, sets all outputs to 0, independent of the values sent from the station level, that ...

  • Page 199

    Section 10 logic 10.1 tripping logic smpptrc ip14576-1 v4 10.1.1 identification semod56226-2 v7 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number tripping logic smpptrc 1 -> 0 iec15000314 v1 en-us 94 10.1.2 application m12252-3 v10 all trip signals ...

  • Page 200

    To prevent closing of a circuit breaker after a trip, the function offers a lockout function. 10.1.2.1 three-phase tripping m14828-7 v10 connect the inputs from the protection functions to the input trin. The tmgapc function block is used to combine up to 32 inputs into one output. Connect the outpu...

  • Page 201

    Shall be used for trip signals from functions with built-in phase selection logic such as distance or line differential protection functions. The inputs 1ptrz and 1ptref are used for single-phase tripping from functions which do not have built-in phase selection logic: • 1ptrz can be connected to th...

  • Page 202

    Block blklkout trin trinl1 trinl2 trinl3 psl1 psl2 psl3 1ptrz 1ptref p3ptr setlkout rstlkout stdir trip smpptrc trl1 trl2 trl3 tr1p tr2p tr3p cllkout start stl1 stl2 stl3 fw rev phase segregated trip l1, l2 and l3 from example line differential or distance protection phase selection l1, l2 and l3 fr...

  • Page 203

    The lock-out can then be manually reset after checking the primary fault by activating the input reset lock-out rstlkout. If external conditions are required to initiate a closing circuit lock-out but not to lockout trip, this can be achieved by activating input setlkout. The setting autolock = off ...

  • Page 204

    Block stdir1 stdir2 stdir3 stdir4 stdir5 stdir6 stdir7 stdir8 stdir9 stdir10 stdir11 stdir12 stdir13 stdir14 stdir15 stdir16 stdir smagapc start fw rev protection 1 stl1 fwl1 revl1 stl2 fwl2 revl2 stl3 fwl3 revl3 protection 2 stdir protection 4 - - - block start fw rev stl1 fwl1 revl1 stl2 fwl2 revl...

  • Page 205

    All start and directional outputs are mapped to the logical node data model of the trip function and provided via the iec 61850 attributes dirgeneral, dirl1, dirl2, dirl3 and dirn. 10.1.2.6 blocking of the function block m14828-21 v4 total block of the trip function is done by activating the input b...

  • Page 206

    10.2.2 application guid-70b268a9-b248-422d-9896-89fecff80b75 v1 group alarm logic function almcalh is used to route alarm signals to different leds and/or output contacts on the ied. Almcalh output signal and the physical outputs allows the user to adapt the alarm signal to physical tripping outputs...

  • Page 207

    10.4.1.1 application guid-9bad30fb-4b75-4e14-82a8-6a59b09fa6ea v1 group indication logic function indcalh is used to route indication signals to different leds and/or output contacts on the ied. Indcalh output signal ind and the physical outputs allows the user to adapt the indication signal to phys...

  • Page 208

    Execution of functions as defined by the configurable logic blocks runs according to a fixed sequence with different cycle times. For each cycle time, the function block is given an serial execution number. This is shown when using the act configuration tool with the designation of the function bloc...

  • Page 209

    Function blocks to a certain level/value, or for creating certain logic. Boolean, integer, floating point, string types of signals are available. One fxdsign function block is included in all ieds. Example for use of grp_off signal in fxdsign the restricted earth fault function refpdif can be used b...

  • Page 210

    10.7 boolean 16 to integer conversion b16i semod175715-1 v1 10.7.1 identification semod175721-2 v2 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number boolean 16 to integer conversion b16i - - 10.7.2 application semod175832-4 v4 boolean 16 to integer ...

  • Page 211

    Name of input type default description value when activated value when deactivated in12 boolean 0 input 12 2048 0 in13 boolean 0 input 13 4096 0 in14 boolean 0 input 14 8192 0 in15 boolean 0 input 15 16384 0 in16 boolean 0 input 16 32768 0 the sum of the numbers in column “value when activated” when...

  • Page 212

    Name of input type default description value when activated value when deactivated in1 boolean 0 input 1 1 0 in2 boolean 0 input 2 2 0 in3 boolean 0 input 3 4 0 in4 boolean 0 input 4 8 0 in5 boolean 0 input 5 16 0 in6 boolean 0 input 6 32 0 in7 boolean 0 input 7 64 0 in8 boolean 0 input 8 128 0 in9 ...

  • Page 213

    Value according to the table below from 0 to 32768. This follows the general formula: inx = 2 x-1 where 1≤x≤16. The sum of all the values on the activated inx will be available on the output out as a sum of the values of all the inputs inx that are activated. Out is an integer. When all inx where 1≤...

  • Page 214

    10.10.1 identification semod167944-2 v4 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number integer to boolean 16 conversion with logic node representation itbgapc - - 10.10.2 application semod158512-5 v7 integer to boolean 16 conversion with logic no...

  • Page 215

    The sum of the numbers in column “value when activated” when all outx (1≤x≤16) are active equals 65535. This is the highest integer that can be converted by the itbgapc function block. 10.11 elapsed time integrator with limit transgression and overflow supervision teigapc 10.11.1 identification guid...

  • Page 216

    The limit for the overflow supervision is fixed at 999999.9 seconds. 10.12 comparator for integer inputs - intcomp 10.12.1 identification guid-5992b0f2-fc1b-4838-9bab-2d2542bb264d v1 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number comparison of in...

  • Page 217

    Set the refsource = input ref similarly for signed comparison between inputs set the enaabs = signed set the refsource =input ref for absolute comparison between input and setting set the enaabs = absolute set the refsource = set value setvalue shall be set between -2000000000 to 2000000000 similarl...

  • Page 218

    • absolute: comparison is performed with absolute values of input and reference. • signed: comparison is performed with signed values of input and reference. Refsource: this setting is used to select the reference source between input and setting for comparison. • input ref: the function will take r...

  • Page 219

    Inequal will set when the input is between the ranges of 95 to 105 ka. Inhigh will set when the input crosses above 105 ka. Inlow will set when the input crosses below 95 ka. If the comparison should be done between two current magnitudes then those current signals need to be connected to function i...

  • Page 220

    214.

  • Page 221

    Section 11 monitoring 11.1 measurement guid-9d2d47a0-fe62-4fe3-82ee-034bed82682a v1 11.1.1 identification semod56123-2 v8 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number power system measurements cvmmxn p, q, s, i, u, f symbol-rr v1 en-us - phase ...

  • Page 222

    Provides to the system operator fast and easy overview of the present status of the power system. Additionally, it can be used during testing and commissioning of protection and control ieds in order to verify proper operation and connection of instrument transformers (cts and vts). During normal se...

  • Page 223

    It is possible to calibrate the measuring function above to get better then class 0.5 presentation. This is accomplished by angle and amplitude compensation at 5, 30 and 100% of rated current and at 100% of rated voltage. The power system quantities provided, depends on the actual hardware, (trm) an...

  • Page 224

    • when system voltage falls below ugenzerodb, values for s, p, q, pf, ilag, ilead, u and f are forced to zero. • when system current falls below igenzerodb, values for s, p, q, pf, ilag, ilead, u and f are forced to zero. • when the value of a single signal falls below its set deadband, the value is...

  • Page 225

    Iangcompy: angle compensation to calibrate angle measurements at y% of ir, where y is equal to 5, 30 or 100. The following general settings can be set for the phase current measurement (cmmxu). Iampcompy: amplitude compensation to calibrate current measurements at y% of ir, where y is equal to 5, 30...

  • Page 226

    Xhilim: high limit. Set as % of ybase (y is sbase for s,p,q ubase for voltage measurement and ibase for current measurement). Xlowlim: low limit. Set as % of ybase (y is sbase for s,p,q ubase for voltage measurement and ibase for current measurement). Xlowlowlim: low-low limit. Set as % of ybase (y ...

  • Page 227

    11.1.4.1 setting examples semod54481-4 v5 three setting examples, in connection to measurement function (cvmmxn), are provided: • measurement function (cvmmxn) application for a ohl • measurement function (cvmmxn) application on the secondary side of a transformer • measurement function (cvmmxn) app...

  • Page 228

    • general settings as shown in table 21 . • level supervision of active power as shown in table 22 . • calibration parameters as shown in table 23 . Table 21: general settings parameters for the measurement function setting short description selected value comments operation operation off/on on func...

  • Page 229

    Setting short description selected value comments phihilim high high limit (physical value), % of sbase 60 high alarm limit that is, extreme overload alarm, hence it will be 415 mw. Philim high limit (physical value), in % of sbase 50 high warning limit that is, overload warning, hence it will be 37...

  • Page 230

    110kv busbar 200/1 35 / 0,1kv 35kv busbar 500/5 p q 31,5 mva 110/36,75/(10,5) kv yy0(d5) u l1l2 iec09000040-1-en.Vsd ied iec09000040-1-en v1 en-us figure 82: single line diagram for transformer application in order to measure the active and reactive power as indicated in figure 82 , it is necessary ...

  • Page 231

    Table 24: general settings parameters for the measurement function setting short description selected value comment operation operation off / on on function must be on powampfact amplitude factor to scale power calculations 1.000 typically no scaling is required powangcomp angle compensation for pha...

  • Page 232

    Input signal to the function. The function generates alarms based on the received information. 11.2.3 setting guidelines guid-df6bec98-f806-41ce-8c29-bee9c88fc1fd v2 the parameters for gas medium supervision ssimg can be set via local hmi or protection and control manager pcm600. Operation: this is ...

  • Page 233

    11.3 liquid medium supervision ssiml guid-37669e94-4830-4c96-8a67-09600f847f23 v3 11.3.1 identification guid-4ce96ef6-42c6-4f2e-a190-d288abf766f6 v3 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number insulation liquid monitoring function ssiml - 71 1...

  • Page 234

    Ttemplockout: this is used to set the time delay for a temperature lockout indication, given in s. Tresetlevelalm: this is used for the level alarm indication to reset after a set time delay in s. Tresetlevello: this is used for the level lockout indication to reset after a set time delay in s. Tres...

  • Page 235

    Remaining life of circuit breaker every time the breaker operates, the circuit breaker life reduces due to wear. The wear in a breaker depends on the interrupted current. For breaker maintenance or replacement at the right time, the remaining life of the breaker must be estimated. The remaining life...

  • Page 236

    • breaker interrupts at and below the rated operating current, that is, 2 ka, the remaining life of the cb is decreased by 1 operation and therefore, 9999 operations remaining at the rated operating current. • breaker interrupts between rated operating current and rated fault current, that is, 10 ka...

  • Page 237

    11.4.3 setting guidelines guid-ab93ad9b-e6f8-4f1a-b353-aa1008c15679 v2 the breaker monitoring function is used to monitor different parameters of the circuit breaker. The breaker requires maintenance when the number of operations has reached a predefined value. For proper functioning of the circuit ...

  • Page 238

    Tdgaspresalm: time delay for gas pressure alarm. Tdgaspreslo: time delay for gas pressure lockout. Dircoef: directional coefficient for circuit breaker life calculation. Ratedopercurr: rated operating current of the circuit breaker. Ratedfltcurr: rated fault current of the circuit breaker. Opernorat...

  • Page 239

    11.5.3 setting guidelines ip14841-1 v1 m12811-3 v3 the input parameters for the event function (event) can be set individually via the local hmi (main menu/settings / ied settings / monitoring / event function) or via the parameter setting tool (pst). Eventmask (ch_1 - 16) m12811-5 v3 the inputs can...

  • Page 240

    11.6.2 application m12152-3 v9 to get fast, complete and reliable information about disturbances in the primary and/or in the secondary system it is very important to gather information on fault currents, voltages and events. It is also important having a continuous event- logging to be able to moni...

  • Page 241

    It is possible to handle up to 40 analog and 352 binary signals, either internal signals or signals coming from external inputs. The binary signals are identical in all functions that is, disturbance recorder (dr), event recorder (er), indication (ind), trip value recorder (tvr) and event list (el) ...

  • Page 242

    • disturbance reports are not stored. • led information (yellow - start, red - trip) is not stored or changed. Operation = on: • disturbance reports are stored, disturbance data can be read from the local hmi and from a pc for example using pcm600. • led information (yellow - start, red - trip) is s...

  • Page 243

    Long or permanently set (does not influence the trip value recorder (tvr) function). Operation in test mode m12179-492 v4 if the ied is in test mode and opmodetest = off. Disturbance report function does not save any recordings and no led information is displayed. If the ied is in test mode and opmo...

  • Page 244

    11.6.3.3 analog input signals m12179-92 v5 up to 40 analog signals can be selected among internal analog and analog input signals. Pcm600 is used to configure the signals. The analog trigger of disturbance report is not affected if analog input m is to be included in the disturbance recording or not...

  • Page 245

    Event recorder m12179-444 v4 event recorder (er) function has no dedicated parameters. Trip value recorder m12179-442 v3 zeroangleref: the parameter defines which analog signal that will be used as phase angle reference for all other analog input signals. This signal will also be used for frequency ...

  • Page 246

    11.7 logical signal status report binstatrep guid-e7a2db38-dd96-4296-b3d5-eb7fbe77ce07 v2 11.7.1 identification guid-e0247779-27a2-4e6c-a6dd-d4c31516ca5c v3 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number logical signal status report binstatrep - ...

  • Page 247

    11.8.1 identification guid-f3fb7b33-b189-4819-a1f0-8ac7762e9b7e v2 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number limit counter l4ufcnt - 11.8.2 application guid-41b13135-5069-4a5a-86ce-b7dbe9cfef38 v2 limit counter (l4ufcnt) is intended for appl...

  • Page 248

    Settable time limits for warning and alarm are provided. The time limit for overflow indication is fixed to 99999.9 hours. At overflow the accumulated time resets and the accumulation starts from zero again. 11.9.3 setting guidelines guid-d3bed56a-ba80-486f-b2a8-e47f7ac63468 v1 the settings talarm a...

  • Page 249

    Section 12 metering 12.1 pulse-counter logic pcfcnt ip14600-1 v3 12.1.1 identification m14879-1 v4 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number pulse-counter logic pcfcnt s00947 v1 en-us - 12.1.2 application m13395-3 v6 pulse-counter logic (pcf...

  • Page 250

    On the binary input module (bim), the debounce filter default time is set to 5ms, that is, the counter suppresses pulses with a pulse length less than 5 ms. The input oscillation blocking frequency is preset to 40 hz meaning that the counter detects the input to oscillate if the input frequency is g...

  • Page 251

    Cvmmxn p_ inst q_ inst etpmmtr p q rstacc rstdmd startacc stopacc iec130 00190-2-en.Vsdx iec13000190 v2 en-us figure 86: connection of energy calculation and demand handling function etpmmtr to the measurements function (cvmmxn) the energy values can be read through communication in mwh and mvarh in...

  • Page 252

    Enaacc: off/on is used to switch the accumulation of energy on and off. Tenergy: time interval when energy is measured. Tenergyonpls: gives the pulse length on time of the pulse. It should be at least 100 ms when connected to the pulse counter function block. Typical value can be 100 ms. Tenergyoffp...

  • Page 253

    Section 13 ethernet-based communication 13.1 access point 13.1.1 application guid-2942df07-9bc1-4f49-9611-a5691d2c925c v1 the access points are used to connect the ied to the communication buses (like the station bus) that use communication protocols. The access point can be used for single and redu...

  • Page 254

    Iec61850 ed1 ieds because in iec61850 ed1 only one access point can be modelled in scl. The ip address can be set in ip address. Ect validates the value, the access points have to be on separate subnetworks. The subnetwork mask can be set in subnet mask. This field will be updated to the scl model b...

  • Page 255

    13.2.2 application guid-172ba5d7-6532-4b0d-8c1d-2e02f70b4fcb v1 dynamic access point diagnostic (rchlcch) is used to supervise and assure redundant ethernet communication over two channels. This will secure data transfer even though one communication channel might not be available for some reason pa...

  • Page 256

    Iec16000038-1-en.Vsdx ap1 phyportb phyporta ap1 phyporta phyportb ap1 phyporta phyportb ap1 phyportb phyporta device 1 device 2 device 3 device 4 iec16000038 v1 en-us figure 88: high-availability seamless redundancy (hsr) 13.2.3 setting guidelines guid-887b0ae2-0f2e-414d-96fd-7ec935c5d2d8 v1 redunda...

  • Page 257

    Iec16000039-1-en.Vsdx iec16000039 v1 en-us figure 89: ect screen with redundancy set to prp-1 on access point 1 and hsr access point 3 13.3 merging unit 13.3.1 application guid-e630c16f-edb8-40ae-a8a2-94189982d15f v1 the iec/uca 61850-9-2le process bus communication protocol enables an ied to commun...

  • Page 258

    Iec17000044-1-en.Vsdx iec17000044 v1 en-us figure 90: merging unit 13.3.2 setting guidelines guid-3449ab24-8c9d-4d9a-bd46-5ddf59a0f8e3 v1 for information on the merging unit setting guidelines, see section iec/uca 61850-9-2le communication protocol . 13.4 routes 13.4.1 application guid-19616ac4-0ffd...

  • Page 259

    Section 14 station communication 14.1 communication protocols m14815-3 v13 each ied is provided with several communication interfaces enabling it to connect to one or many substation level systems or equipment, either on the substation automation (sa) bus or substation monitoring (sm) bus. Available...

  • Page 260

    Kiosk 2 kiosk 3 station hsi base system engineering workstation sms gateway printer cc iec09000135_en.V sd kiosk 1 ied 1 ied 2 ied 3 ied 1 ied 2 ied 3 ied 1 ied 2 ied 3 iec09000135 v1 en-us figure 91: sa system with iec 61850–8–1 m16925-3 v4 figure 92 shows the goose peer-to-peer communication. Cont...

  • Page 261

    14.2.2 setting guidelines semod55317-5 v7 there are two settings related to the iec 61850–8–1 protocol: operation: user can set iec 61850 communication to on or off. Gooseported1: selection of the ethernet link where goose traffic shall be sent and received. This is only valid for edition 1 and can ...

  • Page 262

    Function block type data type goosebinrcv 16 single point gooseintlkrcv 2 single points 16 double points goosedprcv double point gooseintrcv integer goosemvrcv analog value goosesprcv single point goosexlnrcv switch status application guid-808177b7-02ca-40df-b41b-8b580e38478b v1 the goose receive fu...

  • Page 263

    Factors influencing the accuracy of the sampled values from the merging unit are, for example, anti aliasing filters, frequency range, step response, truncating, a/d conversion inaccuracy, time tagging accuracy etc. In principle, the accuracy of the current and voltage transformers, together with th...

  • Page 264

    Ct ct abb merging unit ethernet switch ied combi sensor conventional vt iec61850-9-2le iec61850-9-2le splitter electrical-to- optical converter 1pps 1pps 110 v 1 a 1 a iec61850-8-1 station wide scada system station wide gps clock other relays iec61850-8-1 en08000069-3.Vsd iec08000069 v2 en-us figure...

  • Page 265

    • main menu/configuration/analog modules/mux:92xx. The corresponding settings are also available in pst (pcm600). • main menu/configuration/communication/merging units configuration/ mux:92xx. The corresponding settings are also available in ect (pcm600). Xx can take value 1–4. 14.3.2.1 specific set...

  • Page 266

    Iec13000298-2-en.Vsd ied ied mu ok ok direct transfer trip (dtt) local remote iec13000298 v2 en-us figure 96: normal operation case 2: failure of the mu (sample lost) blocks the sending of binary signals through ldcm. The received binary signals are not blocked and processd normally. →dtt from the r...

  • Page 267

    Iec13000300-2-en.Vsd direct transfer trip (dtt) local remote ied ied mu not ok not ok mu iec13000300 v2 en-us figure 98: mu failed, 9-2 system table 25: blocked protection functions if iec/uca 61850-9-2le communication is interrupted and functions are connected to specific mus function description i...

  • Page 268

    Function description iec 61850 identification function description iec 61850 identification phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with fixed angle fdpspdis synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing sesrsyn faulty phase identification with load enchroachment fmpspdis circuit breaker c...

  • Page 269

    Function description iec 61850 identification function description iec 61850 identification three phase undercurrent lcp3ptuc automatic switch onto fault logic, voltage and current based zcvpsof thermal overload protection, one time constant lcpttr under impedance protection for generator zgvpdis ze...

  • Page 270

    14.3.2.3 setting examples for iec/uca 61850-9-2le and time synchronization guid-cedd520a-8a13-41df-bff1-8a3b4c00e098 v3 the ied and the merging units (mu) should use the same time reference especially if analog data is used from several sources, for example from an internal trm and an mu, or if seve...

  • Page 271

    Using ptp for synchronizing the mu sam600 vt sam600 ct sam600 ts ied ptp 9-2 iec17000040-1-en.Vsdx iec17000040 v1 en-us figure 99: setting example with ptp synchronization settings on the local hmi under main menu/configuration/time/ synchronization/timesynchgen:1/iec61850-9-2: • hwsyncsrc: is not u...

  • Page 272

    Two status monitoring signals can be: • synch signal on the mux function block indicates that protection functions are blocked due to loss of internal time synchronization to the ied • musynch signal on the mux function block monitors the synchronization flag smpsynch in the datastream and ied hardw...

  • Page 273

    • synch signal on the mux function block indicates that protection functions are blocked due to loss of internal time synchronization to the ied. • musynch signal on the mux function block monitors the synchronization flag smpsynch in the datastream and ied hardware time synchronization. Smpllost in...

  • Page 274

    • synch signal on the mux function block indicates that protection functions are blocked due to loss of internal time synchronization to the ied (that is loss of the hardware synchsrc). • musynch signal on the mux function block monitors the synchronization flag smpsynch in the datastream and ied ha...

  • Page 275

    • synch signal on the mux function block indicates that protection functions are blocked due to loss of internal time synchronization to the ied. Since synclostmode is set to no block, this signal is not set. • musynch signal on the mux function block is set if the datastream indicates time synchron...

  • Page 276

    14.4 lon communication protocol ip14420-1 v1 14.4.1 application ip14863-1 v1 m14804-3 v5 control center ied ied ied gateway star coupler rer 111 station hsi microscada iec05000663-1-en.Vsd iec05000663 v2 en-us figure 104: example of lon communication structure for a station automation system an opti...

  • Page 277

    The lon protocol m14804-32 v2 the lon protocol is specified in the lontalkprotocol specification version 3 from echelon corporation. This protocol is designed for communication in control networks and is a peer-to-peer protocol where all the devices connected to the network can communicate with each...

  • Page 278

    14.4.2.1 identification guid-1a6e066c-6399-4d37-8ca5-3074537e48b2 v3 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number multiple command and receive multicmdrcv - - multiple command and send multicmdsnd - - 14.4.2.2 application m14790-3 v5 the ied pr...

  • Page 279

    Ied ied ied substation lan iec05000715-4-en.Vsd remote monitoring utility lan wan iec05000715 v4 en-us figure 105: spa communication structure for a remote monitoring system via a substation lan, wan and utility lan spa communication is mainly used for the station monitoring system. It can include d...

  • Page 280

    The most important spa communication setting parameters are slaveaddress and baudrate. They are essential for all communication contact to the ied. Slaveaddress and baudrate can be set only on the local hmi for rear and front channel communication. Slaveaddress can be set to any value between 1–899 ...

  • Page 281

    14.6 iec 60870-5-103 communication protocol ip14615-1 v2 14.6.1 application ip14864-1 v1 m17109-3 v6 tcp/ip control center ied ied ied gateway star coupler station hsi iec05000660-4-en.Vsd iec05000660 v4 en-us figure 106: example of iec 60870-5-103 communication structure for a substation automation...

  • Page 282

    Protocols, and to the section 103, companion standard for the informative interface of protection equipment. 14.6.1.2 design m17109-41 v1 general m17109-43 v2 the protocol implementation consists of the following functions: • event handling • report of analog service values (measurands) • fault loca...

  • Page 283

    Function block with user defined functions in control direction, i103usercmd. These function blocks include the function type parameter for each block in the private range, and the information number parameter for each output signal. Status m17109-74 v6 for more information on the function blocks be...

  • Page 284

    Function block with defined functions for autorecloser indications in monitor direction, i103ar. This block includes the function type parameter, and the information number parameter is defined for each output signal. Measurands m17109-99 v2 the measurands can be included as type 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4 ...

  • Page 285

    14.6.2.1 settings for rs485 and optical serial communication m17109-118 v12 general settings spa, dnp and iec 60870-5-103 can be configured to operate on the slm optical serial port while dnp and iec 60870-5-103 additionally can utilize the rs485 port. A single protocol can be active on a given phys...

  • Page 286

    Guid-cd4eb23c-65e7-4ed5-afb1-a9d5e9ee7ca8 v3 en guid-cd4eb23c-65e7-4ed5-afb1-a9d5e9ee7ca8 v3 en-us figure 107: settings for iec 60870-5-103 communication the general settings for iec 60870-5-103 communication are the following: • slaveaddress and baudrate: settings for slave number and communication...

  • Page 287

    Commands m17109-138 v2 as for the commands defined in the protocol there is a dedicated function block with eight output signals. Use pcm600 to configure these signals. To realize the blockofinformation command, which is operated from the local hmi, the output blkinfo on the iec command function blo...

  • Page 288

    Dra#-input acc iec 60870-5-103 meaning 21 76 private range 22 77 private range 23 78 private range 24 79 private range 25 80 private range 26 81 private range 27 82 private range 28 83 private range 29 84 private range 30 85 private range 31 86 private range 32 87 private range 33 88 private range 3...

  • Page 289

    • generating events for test mode • cause of transmission: info no 11, local operation glass or plastic fibre should be used. Bfoc/2.5 is the recommended interface to use (bfoc/2.5 is the same as st connectors). St connectors are used with the optical power as specified in standard. For more informa...

  • Page 290

    284.

  • Page 291

    Section 15 security 15.1 authority status athstat semod158575-1 v2 15.1.1 application semod158527-5 v3 authority status (athstat) function is an indication function block, which informs about two events related to the ied and the user authorization: • the fact that at least one user has tried to log...

  • Page 292

    Events are also generated: • whenever any setting in the ied is changed. The internal events are time tagged with a resolution of 1 ms and stored in a list. The list can store up to 40 events. The list is based on the fifo principle, that is, when it is full, the oldest event is overwritten. The lis...

  • Page 293

    Guid-8c333bc0-aa7a-4ed1-a772-18c22e8eee62 v5 when chnglck has a logical one on its input, then all attempts to modify the ied configuration and setting will be denied and the message "error: changes blocked" will be displayed on the local hmi; in pcm600 the message will be "operation denied by activ...

  • Page 294

    288.

  • Page 295

    Section 16 basic ied functions 16.1 ied identifiers terminalid ip15060-1 v2 16.1.1 application m15324-3 v6 ied identifiers (terminalid) function allows the user to identify the individual ied in the system, not only in the substation, but in a whole region or a country. Use only characters a-z, a-z ...

  • Page 296

    Found in the local hmi under main menu/diagnostics/ied status/product identifiers the following identifiers are available: • iedprodtype • describes the type of the ied. Example: rel650 • productdef • describes the release number from the production. Example: 2.1.0 • firmwarever • describes the firm...

  • Page 297

    16.3.2 application semod52434-4 v5 the current and voltage measurements functions (cvmmxn, cmmxu, vmmxu and vnmmxu), current and voltage sequence measurement functions (cmsqi and vmsqi) and iec 61850 generic communication i/o functions (mvgapc) are provided with measurement supervision functionality...

  • Page 298

    16.4.2 setting guidelines m15259-3 v4 the setting activesetgrp, is used to select which parameter group to be active. The active group can also be selected with configured input to the function block setgrps. The length of the pulse, sent out by the output signal setchgd when an active group has cha...

  • Page 299

    16.6.2 setting guidelines semod56006-4 v6 the summation block receives the three-phase signals from smai blocks. The summation block has several settings. Summationtype: summation type (group 1 + group 2, group 1 - group 2, group 2 - group 1 or –(group 1 + group 2)). Dftreference: the reference dft ...

  • Page 300

    Ibase: phase current value to be used as a base value for applicable functions throughout the ied. Sbase: standard apparent power value to be used as a base value for applicable functions throughout the ied, typically sbase=√3·ubase·ibase. 16.8 signal matrix for binary inputs smbi semod55793-1 v2 16...

  • Page 301

    16.10 signal matrix for analog inputs smai semod55751-1 v2 16.10.1 application semod55744-4 v10 signal matrix for analog inputs (smai), also known as the preprocessor function block, analyses the connected four analog signals (three phases and neutral) and calculates all relevant information from th...

  • Page 302

    Smai1 block dftspfc revrot ^grp1l1 ^grp1l2 ^grp1l3 ^grp1n spfcout g1ai3p g1ai1 g1ai2 g1ai4 g1n neutral phasel3 phasel2 phasel1 ul1l2 saptof u3p* block blktrip trip start blkdmagn freq trm_40.Ch7(u) saptof(1)_trip ec10000060-3-en.Vsdx iec10000060 v3 en-us figure 108: connection example the above desc...

  • Page 303

    Dftrefextout: parameter valid only for function block smai1 . Reference block for external output (spfcout function output). Dftreference: reference dft for the smai block use. These dft reference block settings decide dft reference for dft calculations. The setting internaldftref will use fixed dft...

  • Page 304

    When two or more preprocessing blocks are used to feed one protection function (e.G. Over-power function goppdop), it is of outmost importance that parameter setting dftreference has the same set value for all of the preprocessing blocks involved iec07000197.Vsd smai instance 3 phase group smai1:1 1...

  • Page 305

    Needs of the actual application. The adaptive frequency tracking is needed in ieds that belong to the protection system of synchronous machines and that are active during run-up and shout-down of the machine. In other application the usual setting of the parameter dftreference of smai is internaldft...

  • Page 306

    Smai1:25 – smai12:36: dftreference = externaldftref to use dftspfc input as reference (smai7:7) example 2 iec07000199-2-en.Vsd smai1:13 block dftspfc ^grp1l1 ^grp1l2 ^grp1l3 ^grp1n spfcout ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ain smai1:1 block dftspfc ^grp1l1 ^grp1l2 ^grp1l3 ^grp1n spfcout ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ain ...

  • Page 307

    The parameters for the signal matrix for analog inputs (smai) functions are set via the local hmi or pcm600. Application functions should be connected to a smai block with same task cycle as the application function, except for e.G. Measurement functions that run in slow cycle tasks. Negation: if th...

  • Page 308

    16.11.1.1 iec 61850 protocol test mode guid-82998715-6f23-4caf-92e4-05e1a863cf33 v3 the iec 61850 test mode has improved testing capabilities for iec 61850 systems. Operator commands sent to the iec 61850 mod determine the behavior of the functions. The command can be given from the lhmi under the m...

  • Page 309

    Data are blocked by the ln. Only process-related outputs on lns related to primary equipment are blocked. If there is an xcbr, the outputs exc_open and exc_close are blocked. • when the beh of a component is set to blocked, all control commands with a test bit are accepted. Outputs to the process vi...

  • Page 310

    • coarse time messages are sent every minute and contain complete date and time, that is year, month, day, hour, minute, second and millisecond. • fine time messages are sent every second and comprise only seconds and milliseconds. The selection of the time source is done via the corresponding setti...

  • Page 311

    • off • spa • lon • bin (binary minute pulse) • sntp • irig-b • pps coarsesyncsrc which can have the following values: • off • spa • lon • dnp • iec 60870-5-103 the function input to be used for minute-pulse synchronization is called bininput. For a description of the bininput settings, see the tech...

  • Page 312

    Iec16000089-1-en.Vsdx iec16000089 v1 en-us figure 112: enabling ptp in ect the ptp vlan tag must have the same value in station clock and in the ied. The default value is set to 0. The ptp vlan tag does not need to be the same on all access points in one ied. It is possible to mix as long as they ar...

  • Page 313

    Setting example rec ptp ptp station bus gps sam600-ts sam600-ct sam600-vt ptp ptp 9-2 ptp rel iec17000069=1=en.Vsdx 9-2 9-2 process bus iec17000069 v1 en-us figure 113: example system figure 113 describes an example system. The rec and rel are both using the 9-2 stream from the sam600, and gets its ...

  • Page 314

    16.12.2.3 process bus iec/uca 61850-9-2le synchronization guid-6e384bdb-5598-4108-99b4-0b4a4e1828b2 v4 when process bus communication (iec/uca 61850-9-2le protocol) is used, it is essential that the merging units are synchronized with the hardware time of the ied (see technical manual, section desig...

  • Page 315

    Section 17 requirements 17.1 current transformer requirements ip15171-1 v2 m11609-3 v2 the performance of a protection function will depend on the quality of the measured current signal. Saturation of the current transformers (cts) will cause distortion of the current signals and can result in a fai...

  • Page 316

    1.0 2017-01, instrument transformers – guidance for application of current transformers in power system protection, is the first official document that highlighted this development. So far remanence factors of maximum 80% have been considered when ct requirements have been decided for abb ieds. Even...

  • Page 317

    1. Unwanted operation of differential (i.E. Unit) protections for external faults 2. Unacceptably delayed or even missing operation of all types of protections (for example, distance, differential, overcurrent, etc.) which can result in loosing protection selectivity in the network no information is...

  • Page 318

    It is difficult to give general recommendations for additional margins for remanence to avoid the minor risk of an additional time delay. They depend on the performance and economy requirements. When current transformers of low remanence type (for example, tpy, pr) are used, normally no additional m...

  • Page 319

    In isolated or high impedance earthed systems the phase-to-earth fault is not the dimensioning case. Therefore, the resistance of the single secondary wire can always be used in the calculation for this kind of power systems. 17.1.5 general current transformer requirements m11615-3 v3 the current tr...

  • Page 320

    Sr r al alreq op ct l 2 pr r i s e e 5 i r r i i æ ö ³ = × × × + + ç ÷ è ø equation1380 v2 en-us (equation 42) where: i op the primary operate value (a) i pr the rated primary ct current (a) i sr the rated secondary ct current (a) i r the rated current of the protection ied (a) r ct the secondary re...

  • Page 321

    17.1.7.2 current transformers according to iec 61869-2, class px, pxr (and old iec 60044-6, class tps and old british standard, class x) m11623-14 v5 cts according to these classes are specified approximately in the same way by a rated knee point e.M.F. E knee (e k for class px and pxr, e kneebs for...

  • Page 322

    Corresponding e al according to iec 61869-2. Therefore, the cts according to ansi/ieee must have a knee point voltage u kneeansi that fulfills the following: kneeansi alreq v 0.75 (max imum of e ) > × equation2101 v2 en-us (equation 47) 17.2 sntp server requirements guid-588fcd12-c494-445e-8488-8287...

  • Page 323

    There are two sample rates defined: 80 samples/cycle (4000 samples/sec. At 50hz or 4800 samples/sec. At 60 hz) for a merging unit “type1” and 256 samples/cycle for a merging unit “type2”. The ied can receive data rates of 80 samples/cycle. Note that the iec/uca 61850-9-2le standard does not specify ...

  • Page 324

    318.

  • Page 325

    Section 18 glossary m14893-1 v16 ac alternating current acc actual channel act application configuration tool within pcm600 a/d converter analog-to-digital converter adbs amplitude deadband supervision adm analog digital conversion module, with time synchronization ai analog input ansi american nati...

  • Page 326

    Ccitt consultative committee for international telegraph and telephony. A united nations-sponsored standards body within the international telecommunications union. Ccm can carrier module ccvt capacitive coupled voltage transformer class c protection current transformer class as per ieee/ ansi cmpps...

  • Page 327

    Dhcp dynamic host configuration protocol dip-switch small switch mounted on a printed circuit board di digital input dllb dead line live bus dnp distributed network protocol as per ieee std 1815-2012 dr disturbance recorder dram dynamic random access memory drh disturbance report handler dsp digital...

  • Page 328

    Gde graphical display editor within pcm600 gi general interrogation command gis gas-insulated switchgear goose generic object-oriented substation event gps global positioning system gsal generic security application gse generic substation event hdlc protocol high-level data link control, protocol ba...

  • Page 329

    I-gis intelligent gas-insulated switchgear iom binary input/output module instance when several occurrences of the same function are available in the ied, they are referred to as instances of that function. One instance of a function is identical to another of the same kind but has a different numbe...

  • Page 330

    Nof number of grid faults num numerical module oco cycle open-close-open cycle ocp overcurrent protection oltc on-load tap changer otev disturbance data recording initiated by other event than start/pick-up ov overvoltage overreach a term used to describe how the relay behaves during a fault conditi...

  • Page 331

    Rtu remote terminal unit sa substation automation sbo select-before-operate sc switch or push button to close scl short circuit location scs station control system scada supervision, control and data acquisition sct system configuration tool according to standard iec 61850 sdu service data unit sfp ...

  • Page 332

    Transport layer protocols. While tcp and ip specify two protocols at specific protocol layers, tcp/ip is often used to refer to the entire us department of defense protocol suite based upon these, including telnet, ftp, udp and rdp. Tef time delayed earth-fault protection function tls transport laye...

  • Page 333

    3i o three times zero-sequence current.Often referred to as the residual or the earth-fault current 3u o three times the zero sequence voltage. Often referred to as the residual voltage or the neutral point voltage 1mrk 505 383-uen a section 18 glossary breaker protection req650 2.2 iec 327 applicat...

  • Page 334

    328.

  • Page 335

    329.

  • Page 336

    — abb ab grid automation products 721 59 västerås, sweden phone: +46 (0) 21 32 50 00 abb.Com/protection-control © copyright 2017 abb. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. 1mrk 505 383-uen.