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ABB ret650 Applications Manual

Manual is about: Relion 650 series Transformer protection

Summary of ret650

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    Relion® 650 series — transformer protection ret650 version 2.2 application manual.

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    Document id: 1mrk 504 169-uen issued: october 2017 revision: a product version: 2.2.1 © copyright 2017 abb. All rights reserved.

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    Copyright this document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written permission from abb, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party, nor used for any unauthorized purpose. The software and hardware described in this document is furnished under a license and...

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    Disclaimer the data, examples and diagrams in this manual are included solely for the concept or product description and are not to be deemed as a statement of guaranteed properties. All persons responsible for applying the equipment addressed in this manual must satisfy themselves that each intende...

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    Conformity this product complies with the directive of the council of the european communities on the approximation of the laws of the member states relating to electromagnetic compatibility (emc directive 2004/108/ec) and concerning electrical equipment for use within specified voltage limits (low-...

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    Table of contents section 1 introduction.....................................................................13 this manual...................................................................................... 13 intended audience.........................................................................

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    Example how to connect delta connected three-phase ct set to the ied....................................................................48 example how to connect single-phase ct to the ied............ 51 relationships between setting parameter base current, ct rated primary current and minimum picku...

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    Typical main ct connections for transformer differential protection................................................................................85 application examples............................................................. 86 summary and conclusions.............................................

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    Transformer application example......................................... 129 thermal overload protection, two time constants trpttr ...........133 identification.............................................................................. 133 application................................................

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    Power supply quality............................................................ 152 high impedance earthed systems........................................ 152 direct earthed system.......................................................... 153 settings for two step residual overvoltage protection......

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    Apparatus control apc................................................................... 175 application.................................................................................175 bay control qcbay..............................................................179 switch controller scswi........

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    Identification.............................................................................. 240 application.................................................................................240 setting guidelines...................................................................... 242 section 12 log...

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    Application.................................................................................258 integer to boolean 16 conversion ib16.......................................... 259 identification.............................................................................. 259 application...............

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    Event function event....................................................................284 identification.............................................................................. 284 application.................................................................................284 setting guideli...

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    Merging unit....................................................................................303 application.................................................................................303 setting guidelines...................................................................... 304 routes........

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    Section 17 security........................................................................ 337 authority status athstat............................................................. 337 application.................................................................................337 self supervision w...

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    Frequency values...................................................................... 347 setting guidelines...................................................................... 348 test mode functionality testmode..............................................353 application..........................

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    Section 1 introduction 1.1 this manual guid-ab423a30-13c2-46af-b7fe-a73bb425eb5f v18 the application manual contains application descriptions and setting guidelines sorted per function. The manual can be used to find out when and for what purpose a typical protection function can be used. The manual...

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    1.3 product documentation 1.3.1 product documentation set guid-3aa69ea6-f1d8-47c6-a8e6-562f29c67172 v15 iec07000220-4-en.Vsd p la n n in g & p u rc h a se e n gi n e e rin g in st a lli n g c o m m is si o n in g o p e ra tio n m ai n te n a n ce d e co m m is si o n in g d e in st a lli n g & d is ...

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    Describes the process of testing an ied in a station which is not in service. The chapters are organized in the chronological order in which the ied should be commissioned. The relevant procedures may be followed also during the service and maintenance activities. The operation manual contains instr...

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    1.3.3 related documents guid-94e8a5ca-be1b-45af-81e7-5a41d34ee112 v5 documents related to ret650 document numbers application manual 1mrk 504 169-uen commissioning manual 1mrk 504 171-uen product guide 1mrk 504 172-ben technical manual 1mrk 504 170-uen type test certificate 1mrk 504 172-ten 650 seri...

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    The caution hot surface icon indicates important information or warning about the temperature of product surfaces. Class 1 laser product. Take adequate measures to protect the eyes and do not view directly with optical instruments. The caution icon indicates important information or warning related ...

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    • the character ^ in front of an input/output signal name indicates that the signal name may be customized using the pcm600 software. • the character * after an input signal name indicates that the signal must be connected to another function block in the application configuration to achieve a valid...

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    Function block name edition 1 logical nodes edition 2 logical nodes cvgapc gf2lln0 gf2mmxn gf2phar gf2ptov gf2ptuc gf2ptuv gf2pvoc ph1ptrc gf2mmxn gf2phar gf2ptov gf2ptuc gf2ptuv gf2pvoc ph1ptrc cvmmxn cvmmxn cvmmxn dpgapc dpggio dpgapc drprdre drprdre drprdre ef4ptoc ef4lln0 ef4ptrc ef4rdir gen4pha...

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    Function block name edition 1 logical nodes edition 2 logical nodes phpioc phpioc phpioc qcbay qcbay bay/lln0 qcrsv qcrsv qcrsv rchlcch rchlcch rchlcch refpdif refpdif refpdif rov2ptov gen2lln0 ph1ptrc rov2ptov ph1ptrc rov2ptov schlcch schlcch schlcch scilo scilo scilo scswi scswi scswi sesrsyn rsy1...

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    Function block name edition 1 logical nodes edition 2 logical nodes zcpsch zcpsch zcpsch zcrwpsch zcrwpsch zcrwpsch zcvpsof zcvpsof zcvpsof zmfpdis zmflln0 psfpdis zmfpdis zmfptrc zmmmxu psfpdis psfpdis zmfpdis zmfptrc zmmmxu 1mrk 504 169-uen a section 1 introduction transformer protection ret650 2....

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    22.

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    Section 2 application 2.1 general ied application guid-eb939a4f-1c88-4eb1-a217-571fef72ac7b v4 the ret650 provides fast and selective protection, monitoring and control functions for two- and three-winding transformers, autotransformers, generator- transformer units and shunt reactors. The ied is de...

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    • single breaker, 2 winding transformer (a01) • single breaker, 2/3 winding transformer (a05) the package is configured and ready for direct use. Analog and control circuits have been predefined and other signals need to be applied as required for each application. The pre-configured ied can be chan...

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    Iec 61850 or function name ansi function description transformer ret650 (a01) ret650 (a05) differential protection t2wpdif 87t transformer differential protection, two winding 1 t3wpdif 87t transformer differential protection, three winding 1 refpdif 87n restricted earth fault protection, low impeda...

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    2.4 control and monitoring functions guid-e3777f16-0b76-4157-a3bf-0b6b978863de v15 iec 61850 or function name ansi function description transformer ret650 (a01) ret650 (a05) control qcbay bay control 1 1 locrem handling of lr-switch positions 1 1 locremctrl lhmi control of psto 1 1 sxcbr circuit bre...

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    Iec 61850 or function name ansi function description transformer ret650 (a01) ret650 (a05) wrncalh logic for group warning 5 5 indcalh logic for group indication 5 5 and, gate, inv, lld, or, pulsetimer, rsmemory, srmemory, timerset, xor basic configurable logic blocks (see table 3 ) 40–420 40–420 fx...

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    Iec 61850 or function name ansi function description transformer ret650 (a01) ret650 (a05) vmsqi voltage sequence measurement 6 6 vnmmxu voltage measurement phase-earth 6 6 aisvbas general service value presentation of analog inputs 1 1 ssimg 63 insulation supervision for gas medium 21 21 ssiml 71 i...

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    2.5 communication guid-5f144b53-b9a7-4173-80cf-cd4c84579cb5 v15 iec 61850 or function name ansi function description transformer ret650 (a01) ret650 (a05) station communication lonspa, spa spa communication protocol 1 1 ade lon communciation protocol 1 1 horzcomm network variables via lon 1 1 protoc...

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    Iec 61850 or function name ansi function description transformer ret650 (a01) ret650 (a05) agsal generic security application component 1 1 ld0lln0 iec 61850 ld0 lln0 1 1 syslln0 iec 61850 sys lln0 1 1 lphd physical device information 1 1 pcmaccs ied configuration protocol 1 1 secalarm component for...

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    Iec 61850 or function name description setgrps number of setting groups actvgrp parameter setting groups testmode test mode functionality chnglck change lock function smbi signal matrix for binary inputs smbo signal matrix for binary outputs smai1 - smai12 signal matrix for analog inputs 3phsum summ...

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    32.

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    Section 3 configuration 3.1 description of configuration ret650 3.1.1 introduction guid-79b8bc84-4aab-44e7-86cd-ff63098b009d v2 the basic delivery includes one binary input module and one binary output module, which is sufficient for the default configured io to trip and close circuit breaker. All i...

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    Ret650 a01 – 2 winding transformer in single breaker arrangement 12ai (7i+5u) w2_qa1 w1_qb2 w1_qb1 w1_qa1 other functions available from the function library w1 w2 ph pioc 50 3i>> oc4 ptoc 51 4(3i>) cc rbrf 50bf 3i>bf oc4 ptoc 51 3i> cc rbrf 50bf 3i>bf smp ptrc 94 1 → 0 c msqi met isqi tr pttr 49 θ>...

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    Ret650 a05 – 3 winding transformer in single breaker arrangement 12ai (10i+2u) w2_qa1 w1_qb2 w1_qb1 w3_qa1 w1_qa1 w1 w2 w3 ph pioc 50 3i>> oc4 ptoc 51 4(3i>) cc rbrf 50bf 3i>bf oc4 ptoc 51 4(3i>) cc rbrf 50bf 3i>bf oc4 ptoc 51 3i> cc rbrf 50bf 3i>bf smp ptrc 94 1 → 0 smp ptrc 94 1 → 0 c msqi met isq...

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    36.

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    Section 4 analog inputs 4.1 introduction semod55003-5 v11 analog input channels must be configured and set properly in order to get correct measurement results and correct protection operations. For power measuring, all directional and differential functions, the directions of the input currents mus...

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    4.2.1 setting of the phase reference channel semod55055-5 v3 all phase angles are calculated in relation to a defined reference. An appropriate analog input channel is selected and used as phase reference. The parameter phaseangleref defines the analog channel that is used as phase angle reference. ...

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    Transformer protection transformer line line setting of current input: set parameter ctstarpoint with transformer as reference object. Correct setting is "toobject" forward reverse definition of direction for directional functions line protection setting of current input: set parameter ctstarpoint w...

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    Transformer protection transformer line setting of current input: set parameter ctstarpoint with transformer as reference object. Correct setting is "toobject" forward reverse definition of direction for directional functions line protection setting of current input: set parameter ctstarpoint with t...

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    Transformer and line protection transformer line setting of current input: set parameter ctstarpoint with transformer as reference object. Correct setting is "toobject" reverse forward definition of direction for directional line functions setting of current input: set parameter ctstarpoint with tra...

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    Transformer and line protection transformer line setting of current input for transformer functions: set parameter ctstarpoint with transformer as reference object. Correct setting is "toobject" forward reverse definition of direction for directional line functions setting of current input for trans...

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    4.2.2.4 examples on how to connect, configure and set ct inputs for most commonly used ct connections semod55055-296 v7 figure 10 defines the marking of current transformer terminals commonly used around the world: in the smai function block, you have to set if the smai block is measuring current or...

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    It is recommended to: • use 1a rated ct input into the ied in order to connect cts with 1a and 2a secondary rating • use 5a rated ct input into the ied in order to connect cts with 5a and 10a secondary rating 4.2.2.5 example on how to connect a star connected three-phase ct set to the ied semod55055...

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    Where: 1) the drawing shows how to connect three individual phase currents from a star connected three-phase ct set to the three ct inputs of the ied. 2) the current inputs are located in the trm. It shall be noted that for all these current inputs the following setting values shall be entered for t...

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    L1 il 1 il 2 il 3 l2 l3 protected object ct 800/1 star connected il1 il2 il3 ied iec11000026-4-en.Vsdx 4 1 2 3 smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n 5 in iec11000026 v4 en-us figure 12: star connected three-phase ct set with its star point away from the protecte...

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    L1 il 1 il 2 il 3 l2 l3 protected object ct 800/1 star connected il1 il2 il3 in ied 1 3 4 2 5 iec06000644-4-en.Vsdx 6 smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n iec06000644 v4 en-us figure 13: star connected three-phase ct set with its star point away from the protec...

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    5) is a connection made in the signal matrix tool (smt) and application configuration tool (act), which connects the residual/neutral current input to the fourth input channel of the preprocessing function block 6). Note that this connection in smt shall not be done if the residual/neutral current i...

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    L1 il 1 il 2 il 3 l2 l3 protected object ied c t 600 /5 in d e lta d a b c o nn e c te d il1-il2 il2-il3 il3-il1 1 2 3 4 iec11000027-3-en.Vsdx smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n iec11000027 v3 en-us figure 14: delta dab connected three-phase ct set 1mrk 504 1...

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    Where: 1) shows how to connect three individual phase currents from a delta connected three-phase ct set to three ct inputs of the ied. 2) is the trm where these current inputs are located. It shall be noted that for all these current inputs the following setting values shall be entered. Ct prim =60...

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    L1 il 1 il 2 il 3 l2 l3 protected object ied c t 800 /1 in d e lta d a c c o n n e ct e d il3-il2 il2-il1 il1-il3 2 3 4 iec11000028-3-en.Vsdx smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n 1 iec11000028 v3 en-us figure 15: delta dac connected three-phase ct set in this c...

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    For correct terminal designations, see the connection diagrams valid for the delivered ied. Protected object l1 l2 l3 ied in p ins ins 2 iec11000029-4-en.Vsdx 4 3 c t 1000 /1 a) b) (+) (+) (-) (-) (+) (-) 1 smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n iec11000029 v4 en...

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    4.2.3 relationships between setting parameter base current, ct rated primary current and minimum pickup of a protection ied guid-8eb19363-9178-4f04-a6ac-af0c2f99c5ab v1 note that for all line protection applications (e.G. Distance protection or line differential protection) the parameter base curren...

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    132 110 3 3 kv v equation2016 v1 en-us (equation 1) the following setting should be used: vtprim=132 (value in kv) vtsec=110 (value in v) 4.2.4.2 examples how to connect, configure and set vt inputs for most commonly used vt connections semod55055-60 v6 figure 17 defines the marking of voltage trans...

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    4.2.4.3 examples on how to connect a three phase-to-earth connected vt to the ied semod55055-87 v9 figure 18 gives an example on how to connect a three phase-to-earth connected vt to the ied. It gives an overview of required actions by the user in order to make this measurement available to the buil...

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    L1 ied l2 132 2 110 2 kv v 1 3 2 132 2 110 2 kv v iec16000140-1-en.Vsdx 4 smai2 block ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l1l2 ^grp2n ai2p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ain 5 iec16000140 v1 en-us figure 19: a two phase-to-earth connected vt where: 1) shows how to connect three secondary phase-to-earth voltages to three vt input...

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    3) are three connections made in signal matrix tool (smt), which connect these three voltage inputs to first three input channels of the preprocessing function block 5). Depending on the type of functions which need this voltage information, more then one preprocessing block might be connected in pa...

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    L1 ied l2 l3 13.8 120 kv v 1 2 #not used 13.8 120 kv v . 5 iec06000600-5-en.Vsdx 4 smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n 3 iec06000600 v5 en-us figure 20: a two phase-to-phase connected vt where: 1) shows how to connect the secondary side of a phase-to-phase vt ...

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    3) are three connections made in the signal matrix tool (smt), application configuration tool (act), which connects these three voltage inputs to first three input channels of the preprocessing function block 5). Depending on the type of functions, which need this voltage information, more than one ...

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    L1 ied l2 l3 6.6 3 110 3 kv v +3uo 6.6 3 110 3 kv v 6.6 3 110 3 kv v 1 2 4 3 # not used 5 iec06000601-4-en.Vsdx # not used # not used smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n iec06000601 v4 en-us figure 21: open delta connected vt in high impedance earthed power sy...

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    Where: 1) shows how to connect the secondary side of the open delta vt to one vt input on the ied. +3u0 shall be connected to the ied 2) is the trm where this voltage input is located. It shall be noted that for this voltage input the following setting values shall be entered: 3 6.6 11.43 vtprim kv ...

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    4.2.4.6 example how to connect the open delta vt to the ied for low impedance earthed or solidly earthed power systems semod55055-199 v6 figure 22 gives an example about the connection of an open delta vt to the ied for low impedance earthed or solidly earthed power systems. It shall be noted that t...

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    1 l1 ied l2 l3 138 3 115 3 kv v +3uo 138 3 115 3 kv v 138 3 115 3 kv v iec06000602-4-en.Vsdx # not used # not used # not used smai2 block revrot ^grp2l1 ^grp2l2 ^grp2l3 ^grp2n ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ai n 2 3 4 5 iec06000602 v4 en-us figure 22: open delta connected vt in low impedance or solidly earthe...

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    Where: 1) shows how to connect the secondary side of open delta vt to one vt input in the ied. +3uo shall be connected to the ied. 2) is trm where this voltage input is located. It shall be noted that for this voltage input the following setting values shall be entered: 138 3 138 3 vtprim kv = × = e...

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    Section 5 local hmi amu0600442 v14 iec13000239-3-en.Vsd iec13000239 v3 en-us figure 23: local human-machine interface the lhmi of the ied contains the following elements: • keypad • display (lcd) • led indicators • communication port for pcm600 1mrk 504 169-uen a section 5 local hmi transformer prot...

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    The lhmi is used for setting, monitoring and controlling. 5.1 display guid-55739d4f-1da5-4112-b5c7-217aaf360ea5 v11 the lhmi includes a graphical monochrome liquid crystal display (lcd) with a resolution of 320 x 240 pixels. The character size can vary. The amount of characters and rows fitting the ...

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    Feedback signal for the function button control action. The led is connected to the required signal with pcm600. Iec13000281-1-en.Vsd guid-c98d972d-d1d8-4734-b419-161dbc0dc97b v1 en-us figure 25: function button panel the indication led panel shows on request the alarm text labels for the indication...

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    5.2 leds amu0600427 v13 the lhmi includes three status leds above the display: ready, start and trip. There are 15 programmable indication leds on the front of the lhmi. Each led can indicate three states with the colors: green, yellow and red. The texts related to each three-color led are divided i...

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    Iec16000076-1-en.Vsd iec16000076 v1 en-us figure 27: openclose_led connected to sxcbr 5.3 keypad amu0600428 v17 the lhmi keypad contains push-buttons which are used to navigate in different views or menus. The push-buttons are also used to acknowledge alarms, reset indications, provide help and swit...

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    1 18 19 7 6 5 4 3 2 8 20 21 22 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 23 24 iec15000157-2-en.Vsd iec15000157 v2 en-us figure 28: lhmi keypad with object control, navigation and command push- buttons and rj-45 communication port 1...5 function button 6 close 7 open 8 escape 9 left 10 down 11 up 12 right 13 key 14...

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    20 clear 21 help 22 communication port 23 programmable indication leds 24 ied status leds 5.4 local hmi functionality 5.4.1 protection and alarm indication guid-09ccb9f1-9b27-4c12-b253-fbe95ea537f5 v15 protection indicators the protection indicator leds are ready, start and trip. The start and trip ...

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    Table 8: trip led (red) led state description off normal operation. On a protection function has tripped. An indication message is displayed if the auto-indication feature is enabled in the local hmi. The trip indication is latching and must be reset via communication, lhmi or binary input on the le...

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    5.4.3 front communication guid-fd72a445-c8c1-4bfe-90e3-0ac78ae17c45 v11 the rj-45 port in the lhmi enables front communication. • the green uplink led on the left is lit when the cable is successfully connected to the port. • the yellow led is not used; it is always off. Iec13000280-1-en.Vsd 1 2 gui...

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    74.

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    Section 6 differential protection 6.1 transformer differential protection t2wpdif and t3wpdif ip14639-1 v3 6.1.1 identification m15074-1 v5 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number transformer differential protection, two- winding t2wpdif 3...

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    It is important that the faulty transformer be disconnected as fast as possible. As the differential protection is a unit protection it can be designed for fast tripping, thus providing selective disconnection of the faulty transformer. The differential protection should never operate on faults outs...

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    Percentage differential current related to the current through the transformer. This stabilizes the protection under through fault conditions while still permitting the system to have good basic sensitivity. The bias current can be defined in many different ways. One classical way of defining the bi...

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    Transformer windings or the current transformers will be in breakers that are part of the bus, such as a breaker-and-a-half or a ring bus scheme. For current transformers with primaries in series with the power transformer winding, the current transformer primary current for external faults will be ...

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    Section 1 operate conditionally unrestrainedlimit section 2 section 3 restrain operate unconditionally 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 idmin endsection1 endsection2 restrain current [ times ibase ] operate current [ times ibase ] slopesection2 slopesection3 en05000187-2.Vsd iec05000187 v2 en-us figure 30: r...

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    Transformer connection groups of the yd or dy type cannot transform zero sequence current. If a delta winding of a power transformer is earthed via an earthing transformer inside the zone protected by the differential protection there will be an unwanted differential current in case of an external e...

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    6.1.3.5 cross-blocking between phases m15266-317 v7 basic definition of the cross-blocking is that one of the three phases can block operation (that is, tripping) of the other two phases due to the harmonic pollution of the differential current in that phase (waveform, 2nd or 5th harmonic content). ...

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    Security in comparison to dependability. If the user has no well-justified reason for another value, 60 degrees shall be applied. If the above conditions concerning magnitudes are fulfilled, the internal/external fault discriminator compares the relative phase angle between the negative sequence cur...

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    • if any comparison indicates an internal fault, then it is an internal fault. • if any comparison indicates an external fault, then it is an external fault if one of the windings is not connected, the algorithm automatically reduces to the two-winding version. Nevertheless, the whole power transfor...

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    6.1.3.9 switch onto fault feature m15266-348 v5 the transformer differential function in the ied has a built-in, advanced switch onto fault feature. This feature can be enabled or disabled by the setting parameter sotfmode . When sotfmode = on this feature is enabled. It shall be noted that when thi...

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    Often designed for such typical delta connections, set the ratio as 800/5 in the ied. At the same time the power transformer vector group shall be set as yy0 because the ied shall not internally provide any phase angle shift compensation. The necessary phase angle shift compensation will be provided...

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    • are increased √3 times (1.732 times) in comparison with star connected cts • lag by 30° the primary winding currents (this ct connection rotates currents by 30° in clockwise direction) • do not contain zero sequence current component for dac delta connected main cts, ratio shall be set for √3 time...

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    Ct 300/5 in delta (dac) ct 800/5 star 20.9 mva 69/12.5 kv ynd1 (yd ac ) ct 300/5 star ct 800/5 star 20.9 mva 69/12.5 kv ynd1 (yd ac ) en06000554.Vsd iec06000554 v1 en-us figure 32: two differential protection solutions for star-delta connected power transformer for this particular power transformer ...

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    Table 10: ct input channels used for the lv side cts setting parameter selected value for both solutions ctprim 800 ctsec 5 ctstarpoint toobject 5. Enter the following settings for all three ct input channels used for the hv side cts, see table 11 . Table 11: ct input channels used for the hv side c...

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    Setting parameter select value for solution 1 (star connected ct) selected value for solution 2 (delta connected ct) locationoltc1 not used not used other parameters not relevant for this application. Use default value. Not relevant for this application. Use default value. 1) to compensate for delta...

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    To ensure proper application of the ied for this power transformer it is necessary to do the following: 1. Check that hv & lv cts are connected to 5 a ct inputs in the ied. 2. For second solution make sure that lv delta connected cts are dab connected. 3. For star connected cts make sure how they ar...

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    Setting parameter selected value for both solution 1 (star conected ct) selected value for both solution 2 (delta connected ct) connecttypew1 delta (d) star (y) 1) connecttypew2 star=y star=y clocknumberw2 1 [30 deg lag] 0 [0 deg] 1) zscurrsubtrw1 off off zscurrsubtrw2 on on 2) tconfigforw1 no no tc...

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    Iec vector group positive sequence no-load voltage phasor diagram required delta ct connection type on star side of the protected power transformer and internal vector group setting in the ied ynd1 y iec06000559 v1 en-us dac/yy0 dyn1 y iec06000560 v1 en-us dab/yy0 ynd11 y iec06000561 v1 en-us dab/yy...

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    6.2 low impedance restricted earth fault protection refpdif ip14640-1 v6 6.2.1 identification m14843-1 v6 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number restricted earth fault protection, low impedance refpdif idn/i symbol-aa v1 en-us 87n 6.2.2 a...

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    • magnetizing inrush currents • overexcitation magnetizing currents • load tap changer • external and internal phase faults which do not involve earth • symmetrical overload conditions due to its features, refpdif is often used as a main protection of the transformer winding for all faults involving...

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    Refpdif - 1 i3pw1ct1 i3p idn/i protected winding w1 i3pw2ct1 i3p idn/i refpdif - 2 protected winding w2 earthing transformer iec09000110-4-en.Vsd iec09000110-4-en v2 en-us figure 35: connection of the low impedance restricted earth-fault function refpdif for a zig-zag earthing transformer 6.2.2.3 au...

  • Page 102

    Iec09000111-4-en.Vsd auto - transformer refpdif i3pw1ct1 i3p idn/i i3pw2ct1 hv (w1) lv (w2) iec09000111-4-en v2 en-us figure 36: connection of restricted earth fault, low impedance function refpdif for an autotransformer, solidly earthed 6.2.2.4 reactor winding, solidly earthed m13048-18 v10 reactor...

  • Page 103

    Reactor refpdif i3pw1ct1 i3p idn/i iec09000112-4.Vsd iec09000112-4 v2 en-us figure 37: connection of restricted earth-fault, low impedance function refpdif for a solidly earthed reactor 6.2.2.5 multi-breaker applications m13048-23 v9 multi-breaker arrangements including ring, one and a half breaker,...

  • Page 104

    Refpdif i3pw1ct1 i3p idn/i i3pw1ct2 protected winding iec09000113-3.Vsd iec09000113-3 v2 en-us figure 38: connection of restricted earth fault, low impedance function refpdif in multi-breaker arrangements 6.2.2.6 ct earthing direction m13048-29 v13 to make the restricted earth fault protection refpd...

  • Page 105

    I3pw2ct2: phase currents for winding 2 second current transformer set for multi- breaker arrangements. Used when protecting an autotransformer. When not required, configure input to "grp-off". Recommendation for binary input signals m13052-17 v8 refer to the pre-configured configurations for details...

  • Page 106

    Ctfactorpri2 : a factor to allow a sensitive function also at multi-breaker arrangement where the rating in the bay is much higher than the rated current of the transformer winding. The stabilizing can then be high so an unnecessary high fault level can be required. The setting is normally 1.0 but i...

  • Page 107

    Section 7 current protection 7.1 instantaneous phase overcurrent protection phpioc ip14506-1 v6 7.1.1 identification m14880-1 v5 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number instantaneous phase overcurrent protection phpioc 3i>> symbol-z v1 en-...

  • Page 108

    7.1.3 setting guidelines ip14979-1 v1 m12915-4 v9 the parameters for instantaneous phase overcurrent protection phpioc are set via the local hmi or pcm600. This protection function must operate only in a selective way. So check all system and transient conditions that could cause its unwanted operat...

  • Page 109

    Should be done using the minimum source impedance values for z a and the maximum source impedance values for z b in order to get the maximum through fault current from a to b. ~ ~ z a z b z l a b ied i fb fault iec09000022-1-en.Vsd iec09000022 v1 en-us figure 39: through fault current from a to b: i...

  • Page 110

    The minimum primary setting (is) for the instantaneous phase overcurrent protection is then: min 1.3 s i i ³ × equation79 v3 en-us (equation 15) the protection function can be used for the specific application only if this setting value is equal to or less than the maximum fault current that the ied...

  • Page 111

    Iec09000025-1-en.Vsd ~ ~ z a z b z l1 a b i m fault ied z l2 m c line 1 line 2 iec09000025 v1 en-us figure 42: two parallel lines. Influence from parallel line to the through fault current: i m the minimum theoretical current setting for the overcurrent protection function (imin) will be: imin max i...

  • Page 112

    7.2 directional phase overcurrent protection, four steps oc4ptoc semod129998-1 v8 7.2.1 identification m14885-1 v6 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number directional phase overcurrent protection, four steps oc4ptoc toc-reva v2 en-us 51_67...

  • Page 113

    Protections, they should have the same time delay characteristic. Therefore, a wide range of standardized inverse time characteristics are available for iec and ansi. It is also possible to tailor make the inverse time characteristic. Normally, it is required that the phase overcurrent protection sh...

  • Page 114

    Common base ied values for primary current ( ibase ), primary voltage ( ubase ) and primary power ( sbase ) are set in the global base values for settings function gbasval. Globalbasesel : this is used to select gbasval function for reference of base values. Meastype : selection of discrete fourier ...

  • Page 115

    U ref i dir iec09000636_2_vsd 1 2 2 3 4 iec09000636 v2 en-us figure 43: directional function characteristic 1. Rca = relay characteristic angle 2. Roa = relay operating angle 3. Reverse 4. Forward 7.2.3.1 settings for each step m12982-19 v10 x means step 1, 2, 3 and 4. Dirmodex : the directional mod...

  • Page 116

    Table 15: inverse time characteristics curve name ansi extremely inverse ansi very inverse ansi normal inverse ansi moderately inverse ansi/ieee definite time ansi long time extremely inverse ansi long time very inverse ansi long time inverse iec normal inverse iec very inverse iec inverse iec extre...

  • Page 117

    Ixmult : multiplier for scaling of the current setting value. If a binary input signal enmultx (enablemultiplier) is activated the current operation level is increased by this setting constant. Setting range: 1.0-10.0 iminx operate time current tx txmin iec10000058 iec10000058 v2 en-us figure 44: mi...

  • Page 118

    For the customer tailor-made inverse time delay characteristics (type 17), all three types of reset time characteristics are available: instantaneous (1), iec (2 = set constant time reset) and ansi (3 = current dependent reset time). If the current- dependent type is used, settings pr , tr and cr mu...

  • Page 119

    Operate current current (a) the ied does not reset line phase current time (s) reset current iec05000203-en-2.Vsd iec05000203 v4 en-us figure 45: operate and reset current for an overcurrent protection the lowest setting value can be written according to equation 21 . Im ax ipu 1.2 k ³ × equation126...

  • Page 120

    The protection must be calculated. Taking this value as a base, the highest pickup current setting can be written according to equation 22 . Ipu 0.7 isc min £ × equation1263 v2 en-us (equation 22) where: 0.7 is a safety factor iscmin is the smallest fault current to be detected by the overcurrent pr...

  • Page 121

    Selectivity is assured if the time difference between the curves is larger than a critical time difference. Time-current curves fault current 10 10 0.01 10000 en05000204.Ai str tfunc1 n n tfunc2 trip time n iec05000204 v2 en-us figure 46: fault time with maintained selectivity the operation time can...

  • Page 122

    Example for time coordination assume two substations a and b directly connected to each other via one line, as shown in the figure 47 . Consider a fault located at another line from the station b. The fault current to the overcurrent protection of ied b1 has a magnitude so that the overcurrent prote...

  • Page 123

    40 100 40 40 220 t ms ms ms ms ms d ³ + + + = equation1266 v1 en-us (equation 25) where it is considered that: the operate time of overcurrent protection b1 is 40 ms the breaker open time is 100 ms the resetting time of protection a1 is 40 ms and the additional margin is 40 ms 7.3 instantaneous resi...

  • Page 124

    Globalbasesel : this is used to select gbasval function for reference of base values. The basic requirement is to assure selectivity, that is efpioc shall not be allowed to operate for faults at other objects than the protected object (line). For a normal line in a meshed system single phase-to-eart...

  • Page 125

    A safety margin of 5% for the maximum static inaccuracy and a safety margin of 5% for maximum possible transient overreach have to be introduced. An additional 20% is suggested due to inaccuracy of instrument transformers under transient conditions and inaccuracy in the system data. The minimum prim...

  • Page 126

    ( ) 100 s in i ibase iecequation17003 v1 en-us (equation 30) transformer inrush current shall be considered. The setting of the protection is set as a percentage of the base current ( ibase ). Operation : set the protection to on or off . In>> : set operate current in % of ib . In>>max and in>>min s...

  • Page 127

    • earth-fault protection of feeders in effectively earthed distribution and subtransmission systems. Normally these feeders have radial structure. • back-up earth-fault protection of transmission lines. • sensitive earth-fault protection of transmission lines. Ef4ptoc can have better sensitivity to ...

  • Page 128

    Curve name ansi long time inverse iec normal inverse iec very inverse iec inverse iec extremely inverse iec short time inverse iec long time inverse iec definite time user programmable asea ri rxidg or rd (logarithmic) it is also possible to tailor make the inverse time characteristic. Normally it i...

  • Page 129

    The parameters for the four step residual overcurrent protection are set via the local hmi or pcm600. The following settings can be done for the function. Common base ied values for primary current ( ibase ), primary voltage ( ubase ) and primary power ( sbase ) are set in the global base values for...

  • Page 130

    Polmethod : defines if the directional polarization is from • voltage (3u 0 or u 2 ) • current (3i 0 · znpol or 3i 2 ·znpol where znpol is rnpol + jxnpol), or • both currents and voltage, dual (dual polarizing, (3u 0 + 3i 0 · znpol) or (u 2 + i 2 · znpol)). Normally voltage polarizing from the inter...

  • Page 131

    Harmonic component. This component can be used to create a restrain signal to prevent this unwanted function. At current transformer saturation a false residual current can be measured by the protection. Here the 2 nd harmonic restrain can prevent unwanted operation as well. 2ndharmstab : the rate o...

  • Page 132

    Usestartvalue : gives which current level should be used for the activation of the blocking signal. This is given as one of the settings of the steps: step 1/2/3/4. Normally, the step having the lowest operation current level should be set. 7.4.3.4 switch onto fault logic m15282-106 v4 in case of en...

  • Page 133

    7.4.3.5 settings for each step (x = 1, 2, 3 and 4) m15282-9 v12 operation : sets the protection to on or off . Dirmodex : the directional mode of step x . Possible settings are off / non- directional / forward / reverse . Characteristx : selection of time characteristic for step x . Definite time de...

  • Page 134

    Txmin : minimum operating time for inverse time characteristics. At high currents, the inverse time characteristic might give a very short operation time. By setting this parameter, the operation time of the step can never be shorter than the setting. Iminx operate time current tx txmin iec10000058 ...

  • Page 135

    [ ] = + × - > æ ö ç ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷ æ ö ç ÷ ç ÷ è ø è ø p a t s b k i c in equation1189 v1 en-us (equation 31) further description can be found in the technical reference manual. Tprcrvx, ttrcrvx, tcrcrvx : parameters for user programmable of inverse reset time characteristic curve. Further description ca...

  • Page 136

    • detection of earth faults on the transformer winding. • detection of earth faults in the power system. It can be suitable to use a residual overcurrent protection with at least two steps. Step 1 shall have a short definite time delay and a relatively high current setting, in order to detect and cl...

  • Page 137

    Setting of step 1 semod55591-35 v5 one requirement is that earth faults at the busbar, where the transformer winding is connected, shall be detected. Therefore a fault calculation as shown in figure 56 is made. In > alt three phase ct summated single ct yn/d or yn/y transformer single phase-to- eart...

  • Page 138

    In > alt three phase ct summated single ct yn/d or yn/y transformer single phase-to- earth fault 3i 0 iec05000493-en-2.Vsd iec05000493 v2 en-us figure 57: step 1 fault calculation 1 the fault is located at the borderline between instantaneous and delayed operation of the line protection, such as dis...

  • Page 139

    7.5 thermal overload protection, two time constants trpttr ip14513-1 v4 7.5.1 identification m14877-1 v2 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number thermal overload protection, two time constants trpttr symbol-a v1 en-us 49 7.5.2 application ...

  • Page 140

    Can be used for transformers where forced cooling can be taken out of operation, for example at fan or pump faults. The thermal overload protection estimates the internal heat content of the transformer (temperature) continuously. This estimation is made by using a thermal model of the transformer w...

  • Page 141

    Setting corresponding to the rated current of the transformer with forced cooling (foa). If the transformer has no forced cooling ibase2 can be set equal to ibase1 . Tau1 : the thermal time constant of the protected transformer, related to ibase1 (no cooling) given in minutes. Tau2 : the thermal tim...

  • Page 142

    • in case a total interruption (low current) of the protected transformer all cooling possibilities will be inactive. This can result in a changed value of the time constant. • if other components (motors) are included in the thermal protection, there is a risk of overheating of that equipment in ca...

  • Page 143

    7.6.2 application m13916-3 v7 in the design of the fault clearance system the n-1 criterion is often used. This means that a fault needs to be cleared even if any component in the fault clearance system is faulty. One necessary component in the fault clearance system is the circuit breaker. It is fr...

  • Page 144

    Table 18: dependencies between parameters retripmode and functionmode retripmode functionmode description retrip off n/a the re-trip function is not activated cb pos check current re-trip is done if the phase current is larger than the operate level after re-trip time has elapsed contact re-trip is ...

  • Page 145

    Butripmode is set 1 out of 4 . The current setting should be chosen in accordance to the setting of the sensitive earth-fault protection. The setting can be given within the range 2 – 200 % of ibase . T1 : time delay of the re-trip. The setting can be given within the range 0 – 60s in steps of 0.001...

  • Page 146

    Time the fault occurs protection operate time trip and start ccrbrf normal t cbopen margin retrip delay t1 t cbopen after re-trip t bfpreset minimum back-up trip delay t2 critical fault clearance time for stability iec05000479_2_en.Vsd iec05000479 v2 en-us figure 58: time sequence t2mph : time delay...

  • Page 147

    7.7.1 identification m14888-1 v4 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number pole discordance protection ccpdsc pd symbol-s v1 en-us 52pd 7.7.2 application m13270-3 v6 there is a risk that a circuit breaker will get discordance between the pol...

  • Page 148

    Ttrip : time delay of the operation. Contsel : operation of the contact based pole discordance protection. Can be set: off / pd signal from cb . If pd signal from cb is chosen the logic to detect pole discordance is made in the vicinity to the breaker auxiliary contacts and only one signal is connec...

  • Page 149

    Section 8 voltage protection 8.1 two step undervoltage protection uv2ptuv ip14544-1 v3 8.1.1 identification m16876-1 v7 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number two step undervoltage protection uv2ptuv 3u symbol-r-2u-greater-than v2 en-us 2...

  • Page 150

    In many cases, uv2ptuv is a useful function in circuits for local or remote automation processes in the power system. 8.1.3 setting guidelines m13851-3 v9 all the voltage conditions in the system where uv2ptuv performs its functions should be considered. The same also applies to the associated equip...

  • Page 151

    8.1.3.6 settings for two step undervoltage protection m13851-65 v14 the following settings can be done for two step undervoltage protection uv2ptuv: conntype : sets whether the measurement shall be phase-to-earth fundamental value, phase-to-phase fundamental value, phase-to-earth rms value or phase-...

  • Page 152

    Resettypecrvn : this parameter for inverse time characteristic can be set to instantaneous , frozen time , linearly decreased . The default setting is instantaneous . Tiresetn : reset time for step n if inverse time delay is used, given in s. The default value is 25 ms. Kn : time multiplier for inve...

  • Page 153

    8.2.2 application m13799-3 v9 two step overvoltage protection ov2ptov is applicable in all situations, where reliable detection of high voltage is necessary. Ov2ptov is used for supervision and detection of abnormal conditions, which, in combination with other protection functions, increase the secu...

  • Page 154

    Which is normally set to the nominal voltage level (phase-to-phase) of the power system or the high voltage equipment under consideration. The time delay for the ov2ptov can sometimes be critical and related to the size of the overvoltage - a power system or a high voltage component can withstand sm...

  • Page 155

    Operation : off / on . Ubase (given in globalbasesel ): base voltage phase to phase in primary kv. This voltage is used as reference for voltage setting. Ov2ptov measures selectively phase-to-earth voltages, or phase-to-phase voltage chosen by the setting conntype . The function will operate if the ...

  • Page 156

    Tresetn : reset time for step n if definite time delay is used, given in s. The default value is 25 ms. Tnmin : minimum operation time for inverse time characteristic for step n , given in s. For very high voltages the overvoltage function, using inverse time characteristic, can give very short oper...

  • Page 157

    8.3 two step residual overvoltage protection rov2ptov ip14546-1 v4 8.3.1 identification semod54295-2 v6 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number two step residual overvoltage protection rov2ptov 2(u0>) iec15000108 v1 en-us 59n 8.3.2 applica...

  • Page 158

    Situations, where the residual overvoltage protection is used to protect some specific equipment, the time delay is shorter. Some applications and related setting guidelines for the residual voltage level are given below. 8.3.3.1 equipment protection, such as for motors, generators, reactors and tra...

  • Page 159

    3 u 0 ul 1 iec07000190-2-en.Vsd iec07000190 v2 en-us figure 59: earth fault in non-effectively earthed systems 8.3.3.5 direct earthed system guid-ea622f55-7978-4d1c-9af7-2bab5628070a v8 in direct earthed systems, an earth fault on one phase is indicated by voltage collapse in that phase. The other h...

  • Page 160

    8.3.3.6 settings for two step residual overvoltage protection m13853-21 v13 operation : off or on ubase (given in globalbasesel ) is used as voltage reference for the set pickup values. The voltage can be fed to the ied in different ways: 1. The ied is fed from a normal voltage transformer group whe...

  • Page 161

    Example, in the case of the protection of a transformer that might be overexcited. The time delay must be co-ordinated with other automated actions in the system. Tresetn : reset time for step n if definite time delay is used, given in s. The default value is 25 ms. Tnmin : minimum operation time fo...

  • Page 162

    8.4 overexcitation protection oexpvph ip14547-1 v3 8.4.1 identification m14867-1 v3 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number overexcitation protection oexpvph u/f > symbol-q v1 en-us 24 8.4.2 application m13785-3 v6 when the laminated core ...

  • Page 163

    The permissible time as a function of the level of over-excitation. When the transformer is loaded, the induced voltage and hence the flux density in the core can not be read off directly from the transformer terminal voltage. Normally, the leakage reactance of each separate winding is not known and...

  • Page 164

    G u/f> 24 u/f> 24 u/f> 24 en05000208.Vsd iec05000208 v1 en-us figure 61: alternative connections of an overexcitation protection oexpvph(volt/hertz) 8.4.3 setting guidelines ip15039-1 v1 8.4.3.1 recommendations for input and output signals m6496-75 v4 recommendations for input signals m6496-79 v5 pl...

  • Page 165

    Alarm : the output is activated when the alarm level has been reached and the alarm timer has elapsed. When the system voltage is high this output sends an alarm to the operator. 8.4.3.2 settings m6496-91 v7 globalbasesel : selects the global base value group used by the function to define ibase , u...

  • Page 166

    Tmax : for overvoltages close to the set value times can be extremely long if a high k time constant is used. A maximum time can then be set to cut the longest times. Typical settings are 1800-3600 seconds (30-60 minutes) alarmlevel : setting of the alarm level in percentage of the set trip level. T...

  • Page 167

    Table 19: settings u/f op (%) timer time set (s) 105 t1 7200 (max) 112 t2 600 119 t3 60 126 t4 20 133 t5 8 140 t6 4 information on the cooling time constant t cool should be retrieved from the power transformer manufacturer. 1 2 5 50 200 110 120 130 140 150 100 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 10 20 100 v/hz % cont...

  • Page 168

    162.

  • Page 169

    Section 9 frequency protection 9.1 underfrequency protection saptuf ip15746-1 v3 9.1.1 identification m14865-1 v5 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number underfrequency protection saptuf f symbol-p v1 en-us 81 9.1.2 application m13350-3 v4...

  • Page 170

    There are two specific application areas for saptuf: 1. To protect equipment against damage due to low frequency, such as generators, transformers, and motors. Overexcitation is also related to low frequency 2. To protect a power system, or a part of a power system, against breakdown, by shedding lo...

  • Page 171

    9.2.2 application m14952-3 v4 overfrequency protection function saptof is applicable in all situations, where reliable detection of high fundamental power system frequency is needed. The power system frequency, and rate of change of frequency, is a measure of the unbalance between the actual generat...

  • Page 172

    9.3 rate-of-change of frequency protection sapfrc ip15748-1 v4 9.3.1 identification m14868-1 v4 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number rate-of-change of frequency protection sapfrc df/dt > symbol-n v1 en-us 81 9.3.2 application m14966-3 v...

  • Page 173

    Between load and generation. In such situations load or generation shedding has to take place very quickly, and there might not be enough time to wait until the frequency signal has reached an abnormal value. Actions are therefore taken at a frequency level closer to the primary nominal level, if th...

  • Page 174

    168.

  • Page 175

    Section 10 secondary system supervision 10.1 current circuit supervision ccsspvc ip14555-1 v5 10.1.1 identification m14870-1 v5 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number current circuit supervision ccsspvc - 87 10.1.2 application m12395-13 v...

  • Page 176

    Current circuit supervision ccsspvc compares the residual current from a three- phase set of current transformer cores with the neutral point current on a separate input taken from another set of cores on the same current transformer. Iminop : it must be set as a minimum to twice the residual curren...

  • Page 177

    First case influences the operation of all voltage-dependent functions while the second one does not affect the impedance measuring functions. The negative sequence detection algorithm, based on the negative-sequence measuring quantities is recommended for use in isolated or high-impedance earthed n...

  • Page 178

    Fuse fail when closing the local breaker when the line is already energized from the other end. When the remote breaker closes the voltage will return except in the phase that has a persistent fuse fail. Since the local breaker is open there is no current and the dead phase indication will persist i...

  • Page 179

    100 2 2 3 ibase i i equation1520 v5 en-us (equation 41) where: i2 is the maximal negative sequence current during normal operating conditions, plus a margin of 10...20% ibase is the base current for the function according to the setting globalbasesel 10.2.3.4 zero sequence based m13683-43 v8 the ied...

  • Page 180

    The setting of du> should be set high (approximately 60% of ubase ) and the current threshold di low (approximately 10% of ibase ) to avoid unwanted operation due to normal switching conditions in the network. The delta current and delta voltage function shall always be used together with either the...

  • Page 181

    Section 11 control 11.1 apparatus control apc ip14560-1 v2 11.1.1 application ip14931-1 v1 m13443-4 v13 the apparatus control is a functionality for control and supervising of circuit breakers, disconnectors, and earthing switches within a bay. Permission to operate is given after evaluation of cond...

  • Page 182

    Station hmi gw cc station bus breakers disconnectors earthing switches iec08000227.Vsd apparatus control ied i/o local hmi apparatus control ied i/o apparatus control ied i/o local hmi local hmi iec08000227 v1 en-us figure 63: overview of the apparatus control functions features in the apparatus con...

  • Page 183

    The signal flow between the function blocks is shown in figure 64 . The application description for all these functions can be found below. The function scilo in the figure below is the logical node for interlocking. When the circuit breaker or switch is located in a breaker ied, two more functions ...

  • Page 184

    Merging unit bay level ied xcbr xcbr xcbr scswi iec 61850 on station bus qcbay scilo scswi goosexlnrcv scilo xlnproxy goosexlnrcv xlnproxy -qa1 -qb1 -qb9 goose over process bus iec17000062=1=en=original.Vsdx iec17000062 v1 en-us figure 65: signal flow between apparatus control functions with xcbr an...

  • Page 185

    Accepted originator categories for psto if the requested command is accepted by the authority control, the value will change. Otherwise the attribute blocked-by-switching-hierarchy is set in the cause signal. If the psto value is changed during a command, then the command is aborted. The accepted or...

  • Page 186

    (local hmi on the ied) or from all (local and remote). The local/remote switch position can also be set to off, which means no operator place selected that is, operation is not possible either from local or from remote. For iec 61850-8-1 communication, the bay control function can be set to discrimi...

  • Page 187

    • a request initiates to reserve other bays to prevent simultaneous operation. • actual position inputs for interlocking information are read and evaluated if the operation is permitted. • the synchrocheck/synchronizing conditions are read and checked, and performs operation upon positive response. ...

  • Page 188

    The realizations of these functions are done with sxcbr representing a circuit breaker. Circuit breaker (sxcbr) can be realized either as three one-phase switches or as one three-phase switch. The content of this function is represented by the iec 61850 definitions for the logical node circuit break...

  • Page 189

    Iec16000071 v1 en-us figure 67: configuration with xlnproxy and goosexlnrcv where all the iec 61850 modelled data is used, including selection 1mrk 504 169-uen a section 11 control transformer protection ret650 2.2 iec 183 application manual.

  • Page 190

    Iec16000072 v1 en-us figure 68: configuration with xlnproxy and goosexlnrcv where only the mandatory data in the iec 61850 modelling is used all the information from the xlnproxy to the scswi about command following status, causes for failed command and selection status is transferred in the output ...

  • Page 191

    Table 22: possible cause values from xlnproxy cause no cause description conditions 8 blocked-by-mode the beh input is 5. 2 blocked-by-switching-hierarchy the loc input indicates that only local commands are allowed for the breaker ied function. -24 blocked-for-open-cmd the blkopn is active indicati...

  • Page 192

    Interlocking conditions are evaluated with separate logic and connected to scilo . • the synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing (sesrsyn) calculates and compares the voltage phasor difference from both sides of an open breaker with predefined switching conditions (synchrocheck). Also the ...

  • Page 193

    Sxcbr (circuit breaker) interlocking function block (not a ln) scswi (switching control) qcbay (bay control) smbrrec (auto- reclosure) i/o trip close rel. S ta rt a r close cb position operator place selection scswi (switching control) open cmd close cmd sesrsyn (synchrocheck & synchronizer) scilo (...

  • Page 194

    11.1.3.1 bay control (qcbay) m16670-3 v7 if the parameter allpstovalid is set to no priority , all originators from local and remote are accepted without any priority. If the parameter remoteincstation is set to yes , commands from iec 61850-8-1 clients at both station and remote level are accepted,...

  • Page 195

    Function. If tsynchrocheck is set to 0 , no synchrocheck is done, before starting the synchronizing function. The timer tsynchronizing supervises that the signal synchronizing in progress is obtained in scswi after start of the synchronizing function. The start signal for the synchronizing is set if...

  • Page 196

    11.1.3.4 proxy for signals from switching device via goose xlnproxy guid-7c253fe7-6e02-4f94-96c7-81c9129d925d v1 the switchtype setting controls the evaluation of the operating capability. If switchtype is set to circuit breaker , the input opcap is interpreted as a breaker operating capability, oth...

  • Page 197

    11.2.2 application semod159067-1 v2 semod159053-5 v5 when the load in a power network is increased the voltage will decrease and vice versa. To maintain the network voltage at a constant level, power transformers are usually equipped with on-load tap-changer. This alters the power transformer ratio ...

  • Page 198

    Automatic voltage control for tap changer, tr1atcc or tr8atcc is a function designed to automatically maintain the voltage at the lv-side side of a power transformer within given limits around a set target voltage. A raise or lower command is generated whenever the measured voltage, for a given peri...

  • Page 199

    Automatic voltage control for tap changer, tr1atcc for single control and tr8atcc for parallel control function block has three inputs i3p1, i3p2 and u3p2 corresponding to hv-current, lv-current and lv-voltage respectively. These analog quantities are fed to the ied via the transformer input module,...

  • Page 200

    On the hv side, the three-phase current is normally required in order to feed the three-phase over current protection that blocks the load tap changer in case of over- current above harmful levels. The voltage measurement on the lv-side can be made single phase-earth. However, it shall be remembered...

  • Page 201

    Measured voltage stays outside the inner deadband. If this condition persists longer than the preset time delay, tr1atcc will initiate that the appropriate ulower or uraise command will be sent from tcmyltc or tclyltc function block to the transformer tap changer. If necessary, the procedure will be...

  • Page 202

    Iecequation2294 v2 en-us (equation 46) da d u = d equation1986 v1 en-us (equation 47) t 1 tmin d = equation1848 v2 en-us (equation 48) where: da absolute voltage deviation from the set point d relative voltage deviation in respect to set deadband value for the last equation, the condition t1 > tmin ...

  • Page 203

    Characteristic for the second time delay follows the similar formulas as for the first time delay, but the t2 setting is used instead of t1 . Line voltage drop semod159053-105 v6 the purpose with the line voltage drop compensation is to control the voltage, not at the power transformer low voltage s...

  • Page 204

    ~ l o a d r l x l u b u l u b r l i l jx l i l re iec06000487-2-en.Vsd iec06000487 v2 en-us figure 73: vector diagram for line voltage drop compensation the calculated load voltage u l is shown on the local hmi as value uload under main menu/test/function status/control/transformervoltagecontrol(atc...

  • Page 205

    2 l a ci i usetadjust uset s s i base = + × + iecequation1978 v1 en-us (equation 49) u set, adjust adjusted set voltage in per unit uset original set voltage: base quality is u n2 s a automatic load voltage adjustment factor, setting vrauto i l load current i2base rated current, lv winding s ci cons...

  • Page 206

    Raise command will be prone to always do so, and vice versa. The situation could thus develop such that, for example t1 responds first to a low busbar voltage with a raise command and thereby restores the voltage. When the busbar voltage thereafter at a later stage gets high, t2 could respond with a...

  • Page 207

    M f i snglmode forcmast rstmast bim/iom tr8atcc iec06000633-2-en.Vsd iec06000633 v2 en-us figure 74: principle for a three-position switch master/follower/single parallel control with the reverse reactance method semod159053-145 v4 consider figure 75 with two parallel transformers with equal rated d...

  • Page 208

    Load t1 i l t2 u b u l i t1 i t2 en06000486.Vsd iec06000486 v1 en-us figure 75: parallel transformers with equal rated data. In the reverse reactance method, the line voltage drop compensation is used. The original of the line voltage drop compensation function purpose is to control the voltage at a...

  • Page 209

    Hence the designation “reverse reactance” or “negative reactance”. Effectively this means that, whereas the line voltage drop compensation in figure 73 gave a voltage drop along a line from the busbar voltage u b to a load point voltage u l , the line voltage drop compensation in figure 76 gives a v...

  • Page 210

    Parallel control with the circulating current method semod159053-159 v5 two transformers with different turns ratio, connected to the same busbar on the hv-side, will apparently show different lv-side voltage. If they are now connected to the same lv busbar but remain unloaded, this difference in no...

  • Page 211

    The calculated circulating current i cc_i for transformer “i” is shown on the hmi as a service value icircul under main menu/test/function status/control/ transformervoltagecontrol(atcc,90) . When the circulating current is known, it is possible to calculate a no-load voltage for each transformer in...

  • Page 212

    The use of mean uset is recommended for parallel operation with the circulating current method, especially in cases when load voltage adjustment is also used. Line voltage drop compensation for parallel control semod159053-186 v3 the line voltage drop compensation for a single transformer is describ...

  • Page 213

    Homing (operation with the circulating current method) semod159053-205 v3 this function can be used with parallel operation of power transformers using the circulating current method. It makes possible to keep a transformer energized from the hv side, but open on the lv side (hot stand-by), to follo...

  • Page 214

    Tr8atcc in adapt mode will continue the calculation of u di , but instead of adding u di to the measured busbar voltage, it will compare it with the deadband d u. The following control rules are used: 1. If u di is positive and its modulus is greater than d u, then initiate an ulower command. Tappin...

  • Page 215

    Will in this case not be the same, and they will not reach a minimum at the same time. This might result in a situation when minimizing of the calculated circulating current will not regulate the tap changers to the same tap positions even if the power transformers are equal. However if the capaciti...

  • Page 216

    2 1 c u x q = equation1871 v1 en-us (equation 52) thereafter the current i c at the actual measured voltage u b can be calculated as: 3 b c c u i x = ´ equation1872 v1 en-us (equation 53) in this way the measured lv currents can be adjusted so that the capacitor bank current will not influence the c...

  • Page 217

    Atcc ied hv-side pforward lv-side iec06000536_1_en.Vsd qforward (inductive) iec06000536 v2 en-us figure 79: power direction references with the four outputs in the function block available, it is possible to do more than just supervise a level of power flow in one direction. By combining the outputs...

  • Page 218

    T1 t2 t3 99000952.Vsd u 1 u 2 u 3 z 1 z 2 z 3 i 1 i 2 i 3 =0 i l =i 1 +i 2 iec99000952 v1 en-us figure 80: disconnection of one transformer in a parallel group when the busbar arrangement is more complicated with more buses and bus couplers/bus sections, it is necessary to engineer a specific statio...

  • Page 219

    There are 10 binary signals and 6 analog signals in the data set that is transmitted from one tr8atcc block to the other tr8atcc blocks in the same parallel group: table 24: binary signals signal explanation timeron this signal is activated by the transformer that has started its timer and is going ...

  • Page 220

    The transformers controlled in parallel with the circulating current method or the master-follower method must be assigned unique identities. These identities are entered as a setting in each tr8atcc, and they are predefined as t1, t2, t3,..., t8 (transformers 1 to 8). In figure 80 there are three t...

  • Page 221

    Total block: prevents any tap changer operation independently of the control mode (automatic as well as manual). Setting parameters for blocking that can be set in tr1atcc or tr8atcc under general settings in pst/local hmi are listed in table 27 . Table 27: blocking settings setting values (range) d...

  • Page 222

    Setting values (range) description cmderrbk (manually reset) alarm auto block auto&man block typical operating time for a tap changer mechanism is around 3-8 seconds. Therefore, the function should wait for a position change before a new command is issued. The command error signal, cmderral on the t...

  • Page 223

    Setting values (range) description tapposbk (automatically reset/manually reset) alarm auto block auto&man block this blocking/alarm is activated by either: 1. The tap changer reaching an end position i.E. One of the extreme positions according to the setting parameters lowvolttap and highvolttap . ...

  • Page 224

    Table 28: blocking settings setting value (range) description totalblock (manually reset) on / off tr1atcc or tr8atcc function can be totally blocked via the setting parameter totalblock , which can be set on / off from the local hmi or pst. The output totblk will be activated. Autoblock (manually r...

  • Page 225

    Table 30: blockings without setting possibilities activation type of blocking description disconnected transformer (automatically reset) auto block automatic control is blocked for a transformer when parallel control with the circulating current method is used, and that transformer is disconnected f...

  • Page 226

    • over-current • total block via settings • total block via configuration • analog input error • automatic block via settings • automatic block via configuration • under-voltage • command error • position indication error • tap changer error • reversed action • circulating current • communication er...

  • Page 227

    Single transformer" , except that horizontal communication messages are still sent and received, but the received messages are ignored. Tr8atcc is at the same time also automatically excluded from the parallel group. Disabling of blockings in special situations semod159053-329 v4 when the automatic ...

  • Page 228

    Uraise/ulower ttctimeout tcinprog a h d e f g c b iec06000482_2_en.Vsd iec06000482 v2 en-us figure 81: timing of pulses for tap changer operation monitoring pos description a safety margin to avoid that tcinprog is not set high without the simultaneous presence of an uraise or ulower command. B time...

  • Page 229

    In figure 81 , it can be noted that the fixed extension (c) 4 sec. Of tpulsedur , is made to prevent a situation with tcinprog set high without the simultaneous presence of an uraise or ulower command. If this would happen, tcmyltc or tclyltc would see this as a spontaneous tcinprog signal without a...

  • Page 230

    Rated load (current measured on hv-side) decrements the contactlife counter with 1. The noofoperations counter simply counts the total number of operations (incremental counter). Both counters are stored in a non-volatile memory as well as, the times and dates of their last reset. These dates are st...

  • Page 231

    Ocbk : selection of action to be taken in case any of the three phase currents on the hv-side has exceeded iblock . Mfposdiffbk : selection of action to be taken in case the tap difference between a follower and the master is greater than mfposdifflim . Ovpartbk : selection of action to be taken in ...

  • Page 232

    Totalblock : when this setting is on the voltage control function, tr1atcc for single control and tr8atcc for parallel control, is totally blocked for manual as well as automatic control. Autoblock : when this setting is on the voltage control function, tr1atcc for single control and tr8atcc for par...

  • Page 233

    Time t1use : selection of time characteristic (definite or inverse) for t1 . T1 : time delay for the initial (first) raise/lower command. T2use : selection of time characteristic (definite or inverse) for t2 . T2 : time delay for consecutive raise/lower commands. In the circulating current method, t...

  • Page 234

    U b ji t * xline u l xline rline zline i t i t * rline j j 1 j 2 d u en06000626.Vsd iec06000626 v1 en-us figure 82: transformer with reverse reactance regulation and no circulating current the voltage d u=u b -u l =i t * rline +j i t * xline has the argument j 2 and it is realised that if j 2 is sli...

  • Page 235

    To achieve a more correct regulation, an adjustment to a value of j 2 slightly less than -90° (2 – 4° less) can be made. The effect of changing power factor of the load will be that j 2 will no longer be close to -90° resulting in u l being smaller or greater than u b if the ratio rline/ xline is no...

  • Page 236

    Xline equal to half of the transformer reactance, and then observe how the parallel control behaves during a couple of days, and then tune it as required. It shall be emphasized that a quick response of the regulation that quickly pulls the transformer tap changers into equal positions, not necessar...

  • Page 237

    Dayhuntdetect : setting of the number of tap changer operations required during the last 24 hours (sliding window) to activate the signal dayhunt hourhuntdetect : setting of the number of tap changer operations required during the last hour (sliding window) to activate the signal hourhunt twindowhun...

  • Page 238

    En06000635_2_en.Vsd p p iec06000635 v2 en-us figure 85: setting of a positive value for p q> : when the reactive power exceeds the value given by this setting, the output qgtfwd will be activated after the time delay tpower . It shall be noticed that the setting is given with sign, which effectively...

  • Page 239

    • d u is the deadband setting in percent. • n denotes the desired number of difference in tap position between the transformers, that shall give a voltage deviation u di which corresponds to the dead-band setting. • p is the tap step (in percent of transformer nominal voltage). • a is a safety margi...

  • Page 240

    Tmfposdiff : time delay for activation of the output outofpos. 11.2.3.3 tcmyltc and tclyltc general settings semod171501-150 v6 lowvolttap : this gives the tap position for the lowest lv-voltage. Highvolttap : this gives the tap position for the highest lv-voltage. Malow : the ma value that correspo...

  • Page 241

    11.3 logic rotating switch for function selection and lhmi presentation slgapc semod114936-1 v4 11.3.1 identification semod167845-2 v3 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number logic rotating switch for function selection and lhmi presentati...

  • Page 242

    Outtype : steady or pulsed . Tpulse : in case of a pulsed output, it gives the length of the pulse (in seconds). Tdelay : the delay between the up or down activation signal positive front and the output activation. Stopatextremes : sets the behavior of the switch at the end positions – if set to dis...

  • Page 243

    Iec07000112-3-en.Vsd psto cmdpos12 ipos1 nam_pos1 nam_pos2 ipos2 cmdpos21 off on vsgapc smbrrec on off seton intone inverter input out iec07000112 v3 en-us figure 86: control of autorecloser from local hmi through selector mini switch vsgapc is also provided with iec 61850 communication so it can be...

  • Page 244

    Function block in which systems, equipment or functions should receive this information. More specifically, dpgapc function reports a combined double point position indication output position, by evaluating the value and the timestamp attributes of the inputs open and close, together with the logica...

  • Page 245

    11.6.2 application semod176511-4 v6 the single point generic control 8 signals (spc8gapc) function block is a collection of 8 single point commands that can be used for direct commands for example reset of led's or putting ied in "changelock" state from remote. In this way, simple commands can be se...

  • Page 246

    11.7.2 application semod158637-5 v4 automation bits, command function for dnp3 (autobits) is used within pcm600 in order to get into the configuration the commands coming through the dnp3.0 protocol.The autobits function plays the same role as functions goosebinrcv (for iec 61850) and multicmdrcv (f...

  • Page 247

    Figure 87 shows an application example of how the user can connect singlecmd via configuration logic circuit to control a high-voltage apparatus. This type of command control is normally carried out by sending a pulse to the binary outputs of the ied. Figure 87 shows a close operation. An open break...

  • Page 248

    Single command function singlecmd cmdouty outy function n en04000207.Vsd function n iec04000207 v2 en-us figure 88: application example showing a logic diagram for control of built-in functions single command function singlesmd cmdouty outy device 1 user- defined conditions configuration logic circu...

  • Page 249

    Parameters to be set are mode, common for the whole block, and cmdouty which includes the user defined name for each output signal. The mode input sets the outputs to be one of the types off, steady, or pulse. • off, sets all outputs to 0, independent of the values sent from the station level, that ...

  • Page 250

    244.

  • Page 251

    Section 12 logic 12.1 tripping logic smpptrc ip14576-1 v4 12.1.1 identification semod56226-2 v7 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number tripping logic smpptrc 1 -> 0 iec15000314 v1 en-us 94 12.1.2 application m12252-3 v10 all trip signals ...

  • Page 252

    To prevent closing of a circuit breaker after a trip, the function offers a lockout function. 12.1.2.1 three-phase tripping m14828-7 v10 connect the inputs from the protection functions to the input trin. The tmgapc function block is used to combine up to 32 inputs into one output. Connect the outpu...

  • Page 253

    Shall be used for trip signals from functions with built-in phase selection logic such as distance or line differential protection functions. The inputs 1ptrz and 1ptref are used for single-phase tripping from functions which do not have built-in phase selection logic: • 1ptrz can be connected to th...

  • Page 254

    Block blklkout trin trinl1 trinl2 trinl3 psl1 psl2 psl3 1ptrz 1ptref p3ptr setlkout rstlkout stdir trip smpptrc trl1 trl2 trl3 tr1p tr2p tr3p cllkout start stl1 stl2 stl3 fw rev phase segregated trip l1, l2 and l3 from example line differential or distance protection phase selection l1, l2 and l3 fr...

  • Page 255

    The lock-out can then be manually reset after checking the primary fault by activating the input reset lock-out rstlkout. If external conditions are required to initiate a closing circuit lock-out but not to lockout trip, this can be achieved by activating input setlkout. The setting autolock = off ...

  • Page 256

    Block stdir1 stdir2 stdir3 stdir4 stdir5 stdir6 stdir7 stdir8 stdir9 stdir10 stdir11 stdir12 stdir13 stdir14 stdir15 stdir16 stdir smagapc start fw rev protection 1 stl1 fwl1 revl1 stl2 fwl2 revl2 stl3 fwl3 revl3 protection 2 stdir protection 4 - - - block start fw rev stl1 fwl1 revl1 stl2 fwl2 revl...

  • Page 257

    All start and directional outputs are mapped to the logical node data model of the trip function and provided via the iec 61850 attributes dirgeneral, dirl1, dirl2, dirl3 and dirn. 12.1.2.6 blocking of the function block m14828-21 v4 total block of the trip function is done by activating the input b...

  • Page 258

    12.2.2 application m15321-3 v12 the trip matrix logic tmagapc function is used to route trip signals and other logical output signals to different output contacts on the ied. The trip matrix logic function has 3 output signals and these outputs can be connected to physical tripping outputs according...

  • Page 259

    12.3.3 setting guidelines guid-0bdd898a-360b-4443-a5cf-7619c80a17f4 v2 operation : on or off 12.4 logic for group alarm wrncalh 12.4.1 identification guid-3ebd3d5b-f506-4557-88d7-dfc0bd21c690 v4 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number logi...

  • Page 260

    12.5.1.2 setting guidelines guid-7e776d39-1a42-4f90-bf50-9b38f494a01e v2 operation : on or off 12.6 configurable logic blocks ip11009-1 v3 the configurable logic blocks are available in two categories: • configurable logic blocks that do not propagate the time stamp and the quality of signals. They ...

  • Page 261

    Iec09000695_2_en.Vsd iec09000695 v2 en-us figure 93: example designation, serial execution number and cycle time for logic function the execution of different function blocks within the same cycle is determined by the order of their serial execution numbers. Always remember this when connecting two ...

  • Page 262

    Example for use of grp_off signal in fxdsign the restricted earth fault function refpdif can be used both for auto- transformers and normal transformers. When used for auto-transformers, information from both windings parts, together with the neutral point current, needs to be available to the funct...

  • Page 263

    12.8.2 application semod175832-4 v4 boolean 16 to integer conversion function b16i is used to transform a set of 16 binary (logical) signals into an integer. It can be used – for example, to connect logical output signals from a function (like distance protection) to integer inputs from another func...

  • Page 264

    12.9 boolean to integer conversion with logical node representation, 16 bit btigapc semod175753-1 v4 12.9.1 identification semod175757-2 v5 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number boolean to integer conversion with logical node representat...

  • Page 265

    Name of input type default description value when activated value when deactivated in11 boolean 0 input 11 1024 0 in12 boolean 0 input 12 2048 0 in13 boolean 0 input 13 4096 0 in14 boolean 0 input 14 8192 0 in15 boolean 0 input 15 16384 0 in16 boolean 0 input 16 32768 0 the sum of the numbers in col...

  • Page 266

    Name of input type default description value when activated value when deactivated in1 boolean 0 input 1 1 0 in2 boolean 0 input 2 2 0 in3 boolean 0 input 3 4 0 in4 boolean 0 input 4 8 0 in5 boolean 0 input 5 16 0 in6 boolean 0 input 6 32 0 in7 boolean 0 input 7 64 0 in8 boolean 0 input 8 128 0 in9 ...

  • Page 267

    Logical commands (for selector switches or voltage controllers) by inputting an integer number. Itbgapc function has a logical node mapping in iec 61850. The integer to boolean 16 conversion with logic node representation function (itbgapc) will transfer an integer with a value between 0 to 65535 co...

  • Page 268

    12.12.2 application guid-b4b47167-c8de-4496-aef1-5f0fd1768a87 v2 the function teigapc is used for user-defined logics and it can also be used for different purposes internally in the ied. An application example is the integration of elapsed time during the measurement of neutral point voltage or neu...

  • Page 269

    12.13.2 application guid-4c6d730d-bb1c-45f1-a719-1267234bf1b9 v1 the function gives the possibility to monitor the level of integer values in the system relative to each other or to a fixed value. It is a basic arithmetic function that can be used for monitoring, supervision, interlocking and other ...

  • Page 270

    Set the refsource = set value setvalue shall be set between -2000000000 to 2000000000 similarly for signed comparison between input and setting set the enaabs = signed set the refsource = set value setvalue shall be set between -2000000000 to 2000000000 12.14 comparator for real inputs - realcomp 12...

  • Page 271

    Setvalue : this setting is used to set the reference value for comparison when setting refsource is selected as set value . If this setting value is less than 0.2% of the set unit then the output inlow will never pickup. Refprefix : this setting is used to set the unit of the reference value for com...

  • Page 272

    Equalbandhigh = 5.0 % of reference value equalbandlow = 5.0 % of reference value . Section 12 1mrk 504 169-uen a logic 266 transformer protection ret650 2.2 iec application manual.

  • Page 273

    Section 13 monitoring 13.1 measurement guid-9d2d47a0-fe62-4fe3-82ee-034bed82682a v1 13.1.1 identification semod56123-2 v8 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number power system measurements p, q, s, i, u, f symbol-rr v1 en-us - phase current...

  • Page 274

    Provides to the system operator fast and easy overview of the present status of the power system. Additionally, it can be used during testing and commissioning of protection and control ieds in order to verify proper operation and connection of instrument transformers (cts and vts). During normal se...

  • Page 275

    The power system quantities provided, depends on the actual hardware, (trm) and the logic configuration made in pcm600. The measuring functions cmsqi and vmsqi provide sequence component quantities: • i: sequence currents (positive, zero, negative sequence, amplitude and angle) • u: sequence voltage...

  • Page 276

    13.1.4 setting guidelines semod54481-165 v14 the available setting parameters of the measurement function , cmmxu, vmmxu, cmsqi, vmsqi, vnmmxu are depending on the actual hardware (trm) and the logic configuration made in pcm600. The parameters for the measurement functions , cmmxu, vmmxu, cmsqi, vm...

  • Page 277

    The following general settings can be set for the phase-phase voltage measurement (vmmxu). Uampcompy : amplitude compensation to calibrate voltage measurements at y% of ur, where y is equal to 5, 30 or 100. Uangcompy : angle compensation to calibrate angle measurements at y% of ur, where y is equal ...

  • Page 278

    All phase angles are presented in relation to defined reference channel. The parameter phaseangleref defines the reference, see section “analog inputs” . Calibration curves it is possible to calibrate the functions (, cmmxu, vmmxu and vnmmxu) to get class 0.5 presentations of currents, voltages and ...

  • Page 279

    The available measured values of an ied are depending on the actual hardware (trm) and the logic configuration made in pcm600. Measurement function application for a 400kv ohl semod54481-12 v11 single line diagram for this application is given in figure 97 : 400kv busbar 400kv ohl p q 1000/1 a iec09...

  • Page 280

    Table 33: general settings parameters for the measurement function setting short description selected value comments operation operation off/on on function must be on powampfact amplitude factor to scale power calculations 1.000 it can be used during commissioning to achieve higher measurement accur...

  • Page 281

    Setting short description selected value comments plowlim low limit (physical value), in % of sbase -50 low warning limit -500 mw plowlowllim low low limit (physical value), in % of sbase -60 low alarm limit -600 mw plimhyst hysteresis value in % of range (common for all limits) 1 set ±Δ hysteresis ...

  • Page 282

    110kv busbar 200/1 35 / 0,1 kv 35kv busbar 500/5 p q 31,5 mva 110/36,75/(10,5) kv yy0(d5) u l1l2 iec09000040-1-en.Vsd ied iec09000040-1-en v1 en-us figure 98: single line diagram for transformer application in order to measure the active and reactive power as indicated in figure 98 , it is necessary...

  • Page 283

    Table 36: general settings parameters for the measurement function setting short description selected value comment operation operation off / on on function must be on powampfact amplitude factor to scale power calculations 1.000 typically no scaling is required powangcomp angle compensation for pha...

  • Page 284

    Input signal to the function. The function generates alarms based on the received information. 13.2.3 setting guidelines guid-df6bec98-f806-41ce-8c29-bee9c88fc1fd v2 the parameters for gas medium supervision ssimg can be set via local hmi or protection and control manager pcm600. Operation : this is...

  • Page 285

    13.3 liquid medium supervision ssiml guid-37669e94-4830-4c96-8a67-09600f847f23 v3 13.3.1 identification guid-4ce96ef6-42c6-4f2e-a190-d288abf766f6 v3 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number insulation liquid monitoring function ssiml - 71 1...

  • Page 286

    Ttemplockout : this is used to set the time delay for a temperature lockout indication, given in s. Tresetlevelalm : this is used for the level alarm indication to reset after a set time delay in s. Tresetlevello : this is used for the level lockout indication to reset after a set time delay in s. T...

  • Page 287

    Remaining life of circuit breaker every time the breaker operates, the circuit breaker life reduces due to wear. The wear in a breaker depends on the interrupted current. For breaker maintenance or replacement at the right time, the remaining life of the breaker must be estimated. The remaining life...

  • Page 288

    • breaker interrupts at and below the rated operating current, that is, 2 ka, the remaining life of the cb is decreased by 1 operation and therefore, 9999 operations remaining at the rated operating current. • breaker interrupts between rated operating current and rated fault current, that is, 10 ka...

  • Page 289

    13.4.3 setting guidelines guid-ab93ad9b-e6f8-4f1a-b353-aa1008c15679 v2 the breaker monitoring function is used to monitor different parameters of the circuit breaker. The breaker requires maintenance when the number of operations has reached a predefined value. For proper functioning of the circuit ...

  • Page 290

    Tdgaspresalm : time delay for gas pressure alarm. Tdgaspreslo : time delay for gas pressure lockout. Dircoef : directional coefficient for circuit breaker life calculation. Ratedopercurr : rated operating current of the circuit breaker. Ratedfltcurr : rated fault current of the circuit breaker. Oper...

  • Page 291

    13.5.3 setting guidelines ip14841-1 v1 m12811-3 v3 the input parameters for the event function (event) can be set individually via the local hmi ( main menu/settings / ied settings / monitoring / event function ) or via the parameter setting tool (pst). Eventmask (ch_1 - 16) m12811-5 v3 the inputs c...

  • Page 292

    13.6.2 application m12152-3 v9 to get fast, complete and reliable information about disturbances in the primary and/or in the secondary system it is very important to gather information on fault currents, voltages and events. It is also important having a continuous event- logging to be able to moni...

  • Page 293

    It is possible to handle up to 40 analog and 352 binary signals, either internal signals or signals coming from external inputs. The binary signals are identical in all functions that is, disturbance recorder (dr), event recorder (er), indication (ind), trip value recorder (tvr) and event list (el) ...

  • Page 294

    Green led: steady light in service flashing light internal failure dark no power supply yellow led: steady light triggered on binary signal n with setledx = start (or start and trip) flashing light the ied is in test mode red led: steady light triggered on binary signal n with setledx = trip (or sta...

  • Page 295

    The ied flash disk should not be used to store any user files. This might cause disturbance recordings to be deleted due to lack of disk space. 13.6.3.1 recording times m12179-88 v5 the different recording times for disturbance report are set (the pre-fault time, post-fault time, and limit time). Th...

  • Page 296

    13.6.3.2 binary input signals m12179-90 v9 up to 352 binary signals can be selected among internal logical and binary input signals. The configuration tool is used to configure the signals. For each of the 352 signals, it is also possible to select if the signal is to be used as a trigger for the st...

  • Page 297

    Indications m12179-448 v4 indicationman : indication mask for binary input n. If set ( show ), a status change of that particular input, will be fetched and shown in the disturbance summary on local hmi. If not set ( hide ), status change will not be indicated. Setledn : set red led on local hmi in ...

  • Page 298

    • should the function record faults only for the protected object or cover more? • how long is the longest expected fault clearing time? • is it necessary to include reclosure in the recording or should a persistent fault generate a second recording ( postretrig )? Minimize the number of recordings:...

  • Page 299

    T t inputn outputn iec09000732-1-en.Vsd iec09000732 v1 en-us figure 101: binstatrep logical diagram 13.7.3 setting guidelines guid-bbda6900-4c1a-4a7c-aea5-3c49c2749254 v2 the pulse time t is the only setting for the logical signal status report (binstatrep). Each output can be set or reset individua...

  • Page 300

    13.8.3 setting guidelines guid-5aeccdbc-7385-4d9f-940c-9d4a0e59b106 v1 guid-da5da8d7-4821-4bfb-86cc-28658e376270 v1 the parameters for limit counter l4ufcnt are set via the local hmi or pcm600. 13.9 running hour-meter teilgapc 13.9.1 identification guid-3f9ef4fa-74fa-4d1d-88a0-e948b722b64f v1 functi...

  • Page 301

    Section 14 metering 14.1 pulse-counter logic pcfcnt ip14600-1 v3 14.1.1 identification m14879-1 v4 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number pulse-counter logic pcfcnt s00947 v1 en-us - 14.1.2 application m13395-3 v6 pulse-counter logic (pcf...

  • Page 302

    On the binary input module (bim), the debounce filter default time is set to 5ms, that is, the counter suppresses pulses with a pulse length less than 5 ms. The input oscillation blocking frequency is preset to 40 hz meaning that the counter detects the input to oscillate if the input frequency is g...

  • Page 303

    Cvmmxn p_ inst q_ inst etpmmtr p q rstacc rstdmd startacc stopacc iec130 00190-2-en.Vsdx iec13000190 v2 en-us figure 102: connection of energy calculation and demand handling function etpmmtr to the measurements function (cvmmxn) the energy values can be read through communication in mwh and mvarh i...

  • Page 304

    Enaacc : off / on is used to switch the accumulation of energy on and off. Tenergy : time interval when energy is measured. Tenergyonpls : gives the pulse length on time of the pulse. It should be at least 100 ms when connected to the pulse counter function block. Typical value can be 100 ms. Tenerg...

  • Page 305

    Section 15 ethernet-based communication 15.1 access point 15.1.1 application guid-2942df07-9bc1-4f49-9611-a5691d2c925c v1 the access points are used to connect the ied to the communication buses (like the station bus) that use communication protocols. The access point can be used for single and redu...

  • Page 306

    Iec61850 ed1 ieds because in iec61850 ed1 only one access point can be modelled in scl. The ip address can be set in ip address . Ect validates the value, the access points have to be on separate subnetworks. The subnetwork mask can be set in subnet mask . This field will be updated to the scl model...

  • Page 307

    15.2.2 application guid-172ba5d7-6532-4b0d-8c1d-2e02f70b4fcb v1 dynamic access point diagnostic (rchlcch) is used to supervise and assure redundant ethernet communication over two channels. This will secure data transfer even though one communication channel might not be available for some reason pa...

  • Page 308

    Iec16000038-1-en.Vsdx ap1 phyportb phyporta ap1 phyporta phyportb ap1 phyporta phyportb ap1 phyportb phyporta device 1 device 2 device 3 device 4 iec16000038 v1 en-us figure 104: high-availability seamless redundancy (hsr) 15.2.3 setting guidelines guid-887b0ae2-0f2e-414d-96fd-7ec935c5d2d8 v1 redund...

  • Page 309

    Iec16000039-1-en.Vsdx iec16000039 v1 en-us figure 105: ect screen with redundancy set to prp-1 on access point 1 and hsr access point 3 15.3 merging unit 15.3.1 application guid-e630c16f-edb8-40ae-a8a2-94189982d15f v1 the iec/uca 61850-9-2le process bus communication protocol enables an ied to commu...

  • Page 310

    Iec17000044-1-en.Vsdx iec17000044 v1 en-us figure 106: merging unit 15.3.2 setting guidelines guid-3449ab24-8c9d-4d9a-bd46-5ddf59a0f8e3 v1 for information on the merging unit setting guidelines, see section iec/uca 61850-9-2le communication protocol . 15.4 routes 15.4.1 application guid-19616ac4-0ff...

  • Page 311

    Section 16 station communication 16.1 communication protocols m14815-3 v13 each ied is provided with several communication interfaces enabling it to connect to one or many substation level systems or equipment, either on the substation automation (sa) bus or substation monitoring (sm) bus. Available...

  • Page 312

    Kiosk 2 kiosk 3 station hsi base system engineering workstation sms gateway printer cc iec09000135_en.V sd kiosk 1 ied 1 ied 2 ied 3 ied 1 ied 2 ied 3 ied 1 ied 2 ied 3 iec09000135 v1 en-us figure 107: sa system with iec 61850–8–1 m16925-3 v4 figure 108 shows the goose peer-to-peer communication. Co...

  • Page 313

    16.2.2 setting guidelines semod55317-5 v7 there are two settings related to the iec 61850–8–1 protocol: operation : user can set iec 61850 communication to on or off . Gooseported1 : selection of the ethernet link where goose traffic shall be sent and received. This is only valid for edition 1 and c...

  • Page 314

    The high and low limit settings provides limits for the high-high-, high, normal, low and low-low ranges of the measured value. The actual range of the measured value is shown on the range output of mvgapc function block. When a measured value expander block (range_xp) is connected to the range outp...

  • Page 315

    16.3 iec/uca 61850-9-2le communication protocol semod172279 v3 16.3.1 introduction semod166571-1 v2 semod166590-5 v5 every ied can be provided with communication interfaces enabling it to connect to the process buses in order to get data from analog data acquisition units close to the process (prima...

  • Page 316

    Iec06000537 v1 en-us figure 110: example of a station configuration with separated process bus and station bus the ied can get analog values simultaneously from a classical ct or vt and from a merging unit, like in this example: the merging units (mu) are called so because they can gather analog val...

  • Page 317

    Ct ct abb merging unit ethernet switch ied combi sensor conventional vt iec61850-9-2le iec61850-9-2le splitter electrical-to- optical converter 1pps 1pps 110 v 1 a 1 a iec61850-8-1 station wide scada system station wide gps clock other relays iec61850-8-1 en08000069-3.Vsd iec08000069 v2 en-us figure...

  • Page 318

    • main menu/configuration/analog modules/mux:92xx . The corresponding settings are also available in pst (pcm600). • main menu/configuration/communication/merging units configuration/ mux:92xx . The corresponding settings are also available in ect (pcm600). Xx can take value 1–4. 16.3.2.1 specific s...

  • Page 319

    Iec13000298-2-en.Vsd ied ied mu ok ok direct transfer trip (dtt) local remote iec13000298 v2 en-us figure 112: normal operation case 2: failure of the mu (sample lost) blocks the sending of binary signals through ldcm. The received binary signals are not blocked and processd normally. →dtt from the ...

  • Page 320

    Iec13000300-2-en.Vsd direct transfer trip (dtt) local remote ied ied mu not ok n ot ok mu iec13000300 v2 en-us figure 114: mu failed, 9-2 system table 37: blocked protection functions if iec/uca 61850-9-2le communication is interrupted and functions are connected to specific mus function description...

  • Page 321

    Function description iec 61850 identification function description iec 61850 identification phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with fixed angle fdpspdis synchrocheck, energizing check, and synchronizing sesrsyn faulty phase identification with load enchroachment fmpspdis circuit breaker c...

  • Page 322

    Function description iec 61850 identification function description iec 61850 identification three phase undercurrent lcp3ptuc automatic switch onto fault logic, voltage and current based zcvpsof thermal overload protection, one time constant lcpttr under impedance protection for generator zgvpdis ze...

  • Page 323

    16.3.2.3 setting examples for iec/uca 61850-9-2le and time synchronization guid-cedd520a-8a13-41df-bff1-8a3b4c00e098 v3 the ied and the merging units (mu) should use the same time reference especially if analog data is used from several sources, for example from an internal trm and an mu, or if seve...

  • Page 324

    Using ptp for synchronizing the mu sam600 vt sam600 ct sam600 ts ied ptp 9-2 iec17000040-1-en.Vsdx iec17000040 v1 en-us figure 115: setting example with ptp synchronization settings on the local hmi under main menu/configuration/time/ synchronization/timesynchgen:1/iec61850-9-2 : • hwsyncsrc : is no...

  • Page 325

    Two status monitoring signals can be: • synch signal on the mux function block indicates that protection functions are blocked due to loss of internal time synchronization to the ied • musynch signal on the mux function block monitors the synchronization flag smpsynch in the datastream and ied hardw...

  • Page 326

    • synch signal on the mux function block indicates that protection functions are blocked due to loss of internal time synchronization to the ied. • musynch signal on the mux function block monitors the synchronization flag smpsynch in the datastream and ied hardware time synchronization. Smpllost in...

  • Page 327

    • synch signal on the mux function block indicates that protection functions are blocked due to loss of internal time synchronization to the ied (that is loss of the hardware synchsrc ). • musynch signal on the mux function block monitors the synchronization flag smpsynch in the datastream and ied h...

  • Page 328

    • synch signal on the mux function block indicates that protection functions are blocked due to loss of internal time synchronization to the ied. Since synclostmode is set to no block , this signal is not set. • musynch signal on the mux function block is set if the datastream indicates time synchro...

  • Page 329

    16.4 lon communication protocol ip14420-1 v1 16.4.1 application ip14863-1 v1 m14804-3 v5 control center ied ied ied gateway star coupler rer 111 station hsi microscada iec05000663-1-en.Vsd iec05000663 v2 en-us figure 120: example of lon communication structure for a station automation system an opti...

  • Page 330

    The lon protocol m14804-32 v2 the lon protocol is specified in the lontalkprotocol specification version 3 from echelon corporation. This protocol is designed for communication in control networks and is a peer-to-peer protocol where all the devices connected to the network can communicate with each...

  • Page 331

    16.4.2.1 identification guid-1a6e066c-6399-4d37-8ca5-3074537e48b2 v3 function description iec 61850 identification iec 60617 identification ansi/ieee c37.2 device number multiple command and receive multicmdrcv - - multiple command and send multicmdsnd - - 16.4.2.2 application m14790-3 v5 the ied pr...

  • Page 332

    Ied ied ied substation lan iec05000715-4-en.Vsd remote monitoring utility lan wan iec05000715 v4 en-us figure 121: spa communication structure for a remote monitoring system via a substation lan, wan and utility lan spa communication is mainly used for the station monitoring system. It can include d...

  • Page 333

    The most important spa communication setting parameters are slaveaddress and baudrate . They are essential for all communication contact to the ied. Slaveaddress and baudrate can be set only on the local hmi for rear and front channel communication. Slaveaddress can be set to any value between 1–899...

  • Page 334

    16.6 iec 60870-5-103 communication protocol ip14615-1 v2 16.6.1 application ip14864-1 v1 m17109-3 v6 tcp/ip control center ied ied ied gateway star coupler station hsi iec05000660-4-en.Vsd iec05000660 v4 en-us figure 122: example of iec 60870-5-103 communication structure for a substation automation...

  • Page 335

    Protocols, and to the section 103, companion standard for the informative interface of protection equipment. 16.6.1.2 design m17109-41 v1 general m17109-43 v2 the protocol implementation consists of the following functions: • event handling • report of analog service values (measurands) • fault loca...

  • Page 336

    Function block with user defined functions in control direction, i103usercmd. These function blocks include the function type parameter for each block in the private range, and the information number parameter for each output signal. Status m17109-74 v6 for more information on the function blocks be...

  • Page 337

    Function block with defined functions for autorecloser indications in monitor direction, i103ar. This block includes the function type parameter, and the information number parameter is defined for each output signal. Measurands m17109-99 v2 the measurands can be included as type 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4 ...

  • Page 338

    16.6.2.1 settings for rs485 and optical serial communication m17109-118 v12 general settings spa, dnp and iec 60870-5-103 can be configured to operate on the slm optical serial port while dnp and iec 60870-5-103 additionally can utilize the rs485 port. A single protocol can be active on a given phys...

  • Page 339

    Guid-cd4eb23c-65e7-4ed5-afb1-a9d5e9ee7ca8 v3 en guid-cd4eb23c-65e7-4ed5-afb1-a9d5e9ee7ca8 v3 en-us figure 123: settings for iec 60870-5-103 communication the general settings for iec 60870-5-103 communication are the following: • slaveaddress and baudrate : settings for slave number and communicatio...

  • Page 340

    Commands m17109-138 v2 as for the commands defined in the protocol there is a dedicated function block with eight output signals. Use pcm600 to configure these signals. To realize the blockofinformation command, which is operated from the local hmi, the output blkinfo on the iec command function blo...

  • Page 341

    Dra#-input acc iec 60870-5-103 meaning 21 76 private range 22 77 private range 23 78 private range 24 79 private range 25 80 private range 26 81 private range 27 82 private range 28 83 private range 29 84 private range 30 85 private range 31 86 private range 32 87 private range 33 88 private range 3...

  • Page 342

    • generating events for test mode • cause of transmission: info no 11, local operation glass or plastic fibre should be used. Bfoc/2.5 is the recommended interface to use (bfoc/2.5 is the same as st connectors). St connectors are used with the optical power as specified in standard. For more informa...

  • Page 343

    Section 17 security 17.1 authority status athstat semod158575-1 v2 17.1.1 application semod158527-5 v3 authority status (athstat) function is an indication function block, which informs about two events related to the ied and the user authorization: • the fact that at least one user has tried to log...

  • Page 344

    Events are also generated: • whenever any setting in the ied is changed. The internal events are time tagged with a resolution of 1 ms and stored in a list. The list can store up to 40 events. The list is based on the fifo principle, that is, when it is full, the oldest event is overwritten. The lis...

  • Page 345

    Guid-8c333bc0-aa7a-4ed1-a772-18c22e8eee62 v5 when chnglck has a logical one on its input, then all attempts to modify the ied configuration and setting will be denied and the message "error: changes blocked" will be displayed on the local hmi; in pcm600 the message will be "operation denied by activ...

  • Page 346

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  • Page 347

    Section 18 basic ied functions 18.1 ied identifiers terminalid ip15060-1 v2 18.1.1 application m15324-3 v6 ied identifiers (terminalid) function allows the user to identify the individual ied in the system, not only in the substation, but in a whole region or a country. Use only characters a-z, a-z ...

  • Page 348

    Found in the local hmi under main menu/diagnostics/ied status/product identifiers the following identifiers are available: • iedprodtype • describes the type of the ied. Example: rel650 • productdef • describes the release number from the production. Example: 2.1.0 • firmwarever • describes the firm...

  • Page 349

    18.3.2 application semod52434-4 v5 the current and voltage measurements functions (cvmmxn, cmmxu, vmmxu and vnmmxu), current and voltage sequence measurement functions (cmsqi and vmsqi) and iec 61850 generic communication i/o functions (mvgapc) are provided with measurement supervision functionality...

  • Page 350

    18.4.2 setting guidelines m15259-3 v4 the setting activesetgrp , is used to select which parameter group to be active. The active group can also be selected with configured input to the function block setgrps. The length of the pulse, sent out by the output signal setchgd when an active group has ch...

  • Page 351

    18.6.2 setting guidelines semod56006-4 v6 the summation block receives the three-phase signals from smai blocks. The summation block has several settings. Summationtype : summation type ( group 1 + group 2 , group 1 - group 2 , group 2 - group 1 or –(group 1 + group 2) ). Dftreference : the referenc...

  • Page 352

    Ibase : phase current value to be used as a base value for applicable functions throughout the ied. Sbase : standard apparent power value to be used as a base value for applicable functions throughout the ied, typically sbase =√3· ubase · ibase . 18.8 signal matrix for binary inputs smbi semod55793-...

  • Page 353

    18.10 signal matrix for analog inputs smai semod55751-1 v2 18.10.1 application semod55744-4 v10 signal matrix for analog inputs (smai), also known as the preprocessor function block, analyses the connected four analog signals (three phases and neutral) and calculates all relevant information from th...

  • Page 354

    The above described scenario does not work if smai setting connectiontype is ph-n . If only one phase-earth voltage is available, the same type of connection can be used but the smai connectiontype setting must still be ph-ph and this has to be accounted for when setting minvalfreqmeas . If smai set...

  • Page 355

    Calculate. E.G. At ph-ph connection l1, l2 and l3 will be calculated for use in symmetrical situations. If n component should be used respectively the phase component during faults i n /u n must be connected to input 4. Negation : if the user wants to negate the 3ph signal, it is possible to choose ...

  • Page 356

    Iec07000197.Vsd smai instance 3 phase group smai1:1 1 smai2:2 2 smai3:3 3 smai4:4 4 smai5:5 5 smai6:6 6 smai7:7 7 smai8:8 8 smai9:9 9 smai10:10 10 smai11:11 11 smai12:12 12 task time group 1 smai instance 3 phase group smai1:13 1 smai2:14 2 smai3:15 3 smai4:16 4 smai5:17 5 smai6:18 6 smai7:19 7 smai...

  • Page 357

    Iec07000198-2-en.Vsd smai1:1 block dftspfc ^grp1l1 ^grp1l2 ^grp1l3 ^grp1n spfcout ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ain smai1:13 block dftspfc ^grp1l1 ^grp1l2 ^grp1l3 ^grp1n spfcout ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ain smai1:25 block dftspfc ^grp1l1 ^grp1l2 ^grp1l3 ^grp1n spfcout ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ain iec07000198 v3 en-u...

  • Page 358

    Iec07000199-2-en.Vsd smai1:13 block dftspfc ^grp1l1 ^grp1l2 ^grp1l3 ^grp1n spfcout ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ain smai1:1 block dftspfc ^grp1l1 ^grp1l2 ^grp1l3 ^grp1n spfcout ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ain smai1:25 block dftspfc ^grp1l1 ^grp1l2 ^grp1l3 ^grp1n spfcout ai3p ai1 ai2 ai3 ai4 ain iec07000199 v3 en-u...

  • Page 359

    18.11 test mode functionality testmode ip1647-1 v3 18.11.1 application m11407-3 v8 the protection and control ieds may have a complex configuration with many included functions. To make the testing procedure easier, the ieds include the feature that allows individual blocking of a single-, several-,...

  • Page 360

    When the setting operation is set to off , the behavior is set to off and it is not possible to override it. When a behavior of a function is off the function will not execute. When iec 61850 mod of a function is set to off or blocked , the start led on the lhmi will be set to flashing to indicate t...

  • Page 361

    Can be compared with each other. With time synchronization, events and disturbances within the whole network, can be compared and evaluated. In the ied, the internal time can be synchronized from the following sources: • bin (binary minute pulse) • dnp • iec103 • sntp • irig-b • spa • lon • pps • ie...

  • Page 362

    18.12.2.2 synchronization m11348-143 v4 the setting parameters for the real-time clock with external time synchronization are set via local hmi or pcm600. The path for time synchronization parameters on local hmi is main menu/configuration/time/synchronization . The parameters are categorized as tim...

  • Page 363

    Ieee 1588 (ptp) guid-424227ec-74a1-4628-8948-c1876840abfe v2 precision time protocol (ptp) is enabled/disabled using the ethernet configuration tool /ect) in pcm600. Ptp can be set to on , off or slave only . When set to slave only the ied is connected to the ptp-group and will synchronize to the gr...

  • Page 364

    Setting example rec ptp ptp station bus gps sam600-ts sam600-ct sam600-vt ptp ptp 9-2 ptp rel iec17000069=1=en.Vsdx 9-2 9-2 process bus iec17000069 v1 en-us figure 129: example system figure 129 describes an example system. The rec and rel are both using the 9-2 stream from the sam600, and gets its ...

  • Page 365

    18.12.2.3 process bus iec/uca 61850-9-2le synchronization guid-6e384bdb-5598-4108-99b4-0b4a4e1828b2 v4 when process bus communication (iec/uca 61850-9-2le protocol) is used, it is essential that the merging units are synchronized with the hardware time of the ied (see technical manual, section desig...

  • Page 366

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  • Page 367

    Section 19 requirements 19.1 current transformer requirements ip15171-1 v2 m11609-3 v2 the performance of a protection function will depend on the quality of the measured current signal. Saturation of the current transformers (cts) will cause distortion of the current signals and can result in a fai...

  • Page 368

    1.0 2017-01, instrument transformers – guidance for application of current transformers in power system protection, is the first official document that highlighted this development. So far remanence factors of maximum 80% have been considered when ct requirements have been decided for abb ieds. Even...

  • Page 369

    1. Unwanted operation of differential (i.E. Unit) protections for external faults 2. Unacceptably delayed or even missing operation of all types of protections (for example, distance, differential, overcurrent, etc.) which can result in loosing protection selectivity in the network no information is...

  • Page 370

    It is difficult to give general recommendations for additional margins for remanence to avoid the minor risk of an additional time delay. They depend on the performance and economy requirements. When current transformers of low remanence type (for example, tpy, pr) are used, normally no additional m...

  • Page 371

    In isolated or high impedance earthed systems the phase-to-earth fault is not the dimensioning case. Therefore, the resistance of the single secondary wire can always be used in the calculation for this kind of power systems. 19.1.5 general current transformer requirements m11615-3 v3 the current tr...

  • Page 372

    Sr r al alreq tf ct l 2 pr r i s e e 2 i r r i i æ ö ³ = × × × + + ç ÷ è ø equation1413 v2 en-us (equation 59) where: i rt the rated primary current of the power transformer (a) i tf maximum primary fundamental frequency current that passes two main cts and the power transformer (a) i pr the rated p...

  • Page 373

    K max sr r al alreq ct l 2 pr r i i s e e a r r i i × æ ö ³ = × × + + ç ÷ è ø equation1080 v2 en-us (equation 61) kzone1 sr r al alreq ct l 2 pr r i i s e e k r r i i × æ ö ³ = × × + + ç ÷ è ø equation1081 v2 en-us (equation 62) where: i kmax maximum primary fundamental frequency current for close-i...

  • Page 374

    19.1.6.3 breaker failure protection m11621-3 v5 the cts must have a rated equivalent limiting secondary e.M.F. E al that is larger than or equal to the required rated equivalent limiting secondary e.M.F. E alreq below: sr r al alreq op ct l 2 pr r i s e e 5 i r r i i æ ö ³ = × × × + + ç ÷ è ø equati...

  • Page 375

    Where: i rt the rated primary current of the power transformer (a) i etf maximum primary fundamental frequency phase-to-earth fault current that passes the cts and the power transformer neutral (a) i pr the rated primary ct current (a) i sr the rated secondary ct current (a) i r the rated current of...

  • Page 376

    I r the rated current of the protection ied (a) r ct the secondary resistance of the ct (Ω) r l the resistance of the secondary wire and additional load (Ω). The loop resistance containing the phase and neutral wires shall be used. S r the burden of a rex670 current input channel (va). S r = 0.020 v...

  • Page 377

    Where: i f maximum primary fundamental frequency three-phase fault current that passes the cts (a) r l the resistance of the secondary wire and additional load (Ω). The loop resistance containing the phase and neutral wires shall be used. 19.1.7 current transformer requirements for cts according to ...

  • Page 378

    19.1.7.3 current transformers according to ansi/ieee m11623-22 v6 current transformers according to ansi/ieee are partly specified in different ways. A rated secondary terminal voltage u ansi is specified for a ct of class c. U ansi is the secondary terminal voltage the ct will deliver to a standard...

  • Page 379

    The capacitive voltage transformers (cvts) should fulfill the requirements according to the iec 61869-5 standard regarding ferro-resonance and transients. The ferro-resonance requirements of the cvts are specified in chapter 6.502 of the standard. The transient responses for three different standard...

  • Page 380

    The standard does not define the sample rate for data, but in the uca users group recommendations there are indicated sample rates that are adopted, by consensus, in the industry. There are two sample rates defined: 80 samples/cycle (4000 samples/sec. At 50hz or 4800 samples/sec. At 60 hz) for a mer...

  • Page 381

    Section 20 glossary m14893-1 v16 ac alternating current acc actual channel act application configuration tool within pcm600 a/d converter analog-to-digital converter adbs amplitude deadband supervision adm analog digital conversion module, with time synchronization ai analog input ansi american nati...

  • Page 382

    Ccitt consultative committee for international telegraph and telephony. A united nations-sponsored standards body within the international telecommunications union. Ccm can carrier module ccvt capacitive coupled voltage transformer class c protection current transformer class as per ieee/ ansi cmpps...

  • Page 383

    Dhcp dynamic host configuration protocol dip-switch small switch mounted on a printed circuit board di digital input dllb dead line live bus dnp distributed network protocol as per ieee std 1815-2012 dr disturbance recorder dram dynamic random access memory drh disturbance report handler dsp digital...

  • Page 384

    Gde graphical display editor within pcm600 gi general interrogation command gis gas-insulated switchgear goose generic object-oriented substation event gps global positioning system gsal generic security application gse generic substation event hdlc protocol high-level data link control, protocol ba...

  • Page 385

    I-gis intelligent gas-insulated switchgear iom binary input/output module instance when several occurrences of the same function are available in the ied, they are referred to as instances of that function. One instance of a function is identical to another of the same kind but has a different numbe...

  • Page 386

    Nof number of grid faults num numerical module oco cycle open-close-open cycle ocp overcurrent protection oltc on-load tap changer otev disturbance data recording initiated by other event than start/pick-up ov overvoltage overreach a term used to describe how the relay behaves during a fault conditi...

  • Page 387

    Rtu remote terminal unit sa substation automation sbo select-before-operate sc switch or push button to close scl short circuit location scs station control system scada supervision, control and data acquisition sct system configuration tool according to standard iec 61850 sdu service data unit sfp ...

  • Page 388

    Transport layer protocols. While tcp and ip specify two protocols at specific protocol layers, tcp/ip is often used to refer to the entire us department of defense protocol suite based upon these, including telnet, ftp, udp and rdp. Tef time delayed earth-fault protection function tls transport laye...

  • Page 389

    3i o three times zero-sequence current.Often referred to as the residual or the earth-fault current 3u o three times the zero sequence voltage. Often referred to as the residual voltage or the neutral point voltage 1mrk 504 169-uen a section 20 glossary transformer protection ret650 2.2 iec 383 appl...

  • Page 390

    384.

  • Page 391

    385.

  • Page 392

    — abb ab grid automation products 721 59 västerås, sweden phone: +46 (0) 21 32 50 00 abb.Com/protection-control © copyright 2017 abb. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. 1mrk 504 1 6 9-uen.