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Garmin GPS 400 Pilot's Manual And Reference

Summary of GPS 400

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference.

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E i record of revisions revision date of revision description a 8/99 initial release b 8/00 revised and redrawn c 11/06 changed to 8 inch x 8.5 inch format. Added terrain, additional features section, and misc. Changes d 2/07 updated per main sw ...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E ii copyright copyright © 1999-2007 garmin ltd. Or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. This manual reflects the operation of main system software version 5.03 or later. Some differences may be observed when comparing the information in this ma...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E iii table of contents section 1: introduction ........................................... 1-1 1.1 accessories and packing list .................................1-1 1.2 key and knob functions .........................................1-2 1.3 take...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E iv warnings, cautions, and notes warning: navigation and terrain separation must not be predicated upon the use of the terrain function. The terrain feature is not intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance and does not re...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E v warnings, cautions, and notes warning: use the gps 400, weather data link interface, tis, and terrain at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of the gps 400 pilot’s guide documenta...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E vi warranty limited warranty this garmin product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for two years from the date of purchase. Within this period, garmin will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components tha...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-1 section 1 introduction section 1: introduction 1.1 accessories and packing list congratulations on choosing the finest, most advanced panel mount ifr navigation/communication system available. The gps 400 represents garmin’s commitment to pr...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-2 section 1 introduction 1.2 key and knob functions the gps 400 is designed to make operation as simple as possible. The key and knob descriptions (figure 1-1) provide a general overview of the primary function(s) for each key and knob. The t...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-3 section 1 introduction left-hand knob the power knob controls unit power, turn clockwise to turn the unit on. See appendix a for navdata and terrain data card insertion and removal. Right-hand keys and knobs the clr key is used to erase inf...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-4 section 1 introduction note: when the gps 400 displays a list of information that is too long for the display screen, a scroll bar appears along the right-hand side of the display (figure 1-3). The scroll bar graphically indicates the numbe...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-5 section 1 introduction 1.3 takeoff tour overview the garmin gps 400 provides the pilot accurate navigational data, along with non-precision and precision approach certification in the ifr environment. The takeoff tour is designed to familiar...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-6 section 1 introduction the database versions page (figure 1-5) appears next, which shows the current database information on the navdata card and terrain data cards. Database information highlighted in yellow indicates the database is not w...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-7 section 1 introduction figure 1-7 fuel flow selected the instrument panel self-test page includes selections to set fuel on board (fob) to full capacity and access the checklists page. This allows the pilot to quickly set fuel to full limit...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-8 section 1 introduction satellite status page the satellite status page (figure 1-10) appears as the gps 400 attempts to collect satellite information. An ‘acquiring’ status is displayed on the satellite status page, and the signal strengths...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-9 section 1 introduction page groups page groups nav group wpt group aux group nrst group see section 2 see section 6 see section 8 see section 7 table 1-1 page groups the bottom right corner of the screen (figure 1-12) indicates which page g...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-10 section 1 introduction map page after the gps 400 acquires satellites and computes a position, the map page (figure 1-13) appears automatically. Figure 1-13 map page present position desired track data fields map range map display the map ...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-11 section 1 introduction 5) press the ent key to confirm the identifier. The ‘activate?’ function field is highlighted (figure 1-15). Figure 1-15 ‘activate?’ highlighted 6) press the ent key to activate a direct-to course to the selected destin...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-12 section 1 introduction nav/com page from the default nav page, simply turn the small right knob until the nav/com page (figure 1-19) is displayed. Frequency type departure, enroute, or arrival airport frequency list figure 1-19 nav/com pag...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-13 section 1 introduction ifr procedures once the direct-to or flight plan is confirmed, the whole range of instrument procedures is available to the pilot. Departures (sids), arrivals (stars), and non-precision and precision approaches are sto...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-14 section 1 introduction nearest (nrst) pages the nrst page group provides detailed information on the nine nearest airports, vors, ndbs, intersections, and user-created waypoints within 200 nm of the current position. In addition, pages are...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-15 section 1 introduction viewing additional information for a nearby airport: 1) press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 2) turn the large right knob to select the desired airport from the list. 3) press the ent key to display way...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-16 section 1 introduction nearest (nrst) airspace page the last page in the nrst page group, the nearest airspace page (figure 1-27), provides information for up to nine controlled or special-use airspaces near or in the flight path. Airspace ...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-17 section 1 introduction flight plans (fpl) the gps 400 lets the pilot create up to 20 flight plans, with up to 31 waypoints in each flight plan. Flight plans are created, edited, and activated using the fpl key. The fpl page group includes tw...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 1-18 section 1 introduction 7) repeat steps 5 and 6 until all waypoints for the flight plan have been entered (figure 1-32). Figure 1-32 enter flight plan waypoints once the flight plan is created, it may be activated from the flight plan catalog...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-1 section 2: nav pages 2.1 main page groups the gps 400’s main pages are divided into four separate page groups: nav, wpt, aux, and nrst (table 2-1). Each page group is comprised of multiple pages. The page groups are sele...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-2 2.2 nav page group the nav page group includes seven pages (figure 3-2). While viewing any nav page, turn the small right knob to select a different nav page. The pilot may find this selection process convenient to cycle ...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-3 note: the gps 400 always navigates to a waypoint unless the obs switch is set (preventing automatic waypoint sequencing), or the aircraft has passed the last waypoint in the flight plan. Directly below the cdi appears the...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-4 selecting a different data item for any data field: 1) starting with the default nav page, press the menu key to display the default nav page menu (figure 2-4). Figure 2-4 default nav page menu 2) the ‘change fields?’ opt...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-5 restoring factory settings all data field settings can be quickly returned to their original factory settings. Restoring all six data fields to factory default settings: 1) from the default nav page, press the menu key to ...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-6 the symbols in table 2-3 are used to depict the various airports and navaids on the map page: symbol description airport with hard surface runway(s); (primary runway shown) airport with soft surface runway(s) only privat...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-7 the ‘setup map?’ option (described in section 2.4) allows the pilot to define the maximum range at which each map feature appears. This provides the pilot with complete control to minimize screen clutter. The pilot can al...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-8 when the target pointer is placed on an object, the name of that object is highlighted (even if the name wasn’t originally displayed on the map). This feature applies to airports, navaids, user-created waypoints, roads, ...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-9 airspace information on the map when a special-use or controlled airspace boundary appears on the map display, the pilot can quickly retrieve information (such as floor/ceiling limits and controlling agency) directly from...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-10 map setup many of the gps 400’s functions are menu driven. Each of the main pages has an options menu, allowing customization of the page to the pilot’s preferences and/or selection of special features which specifically...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-11 changing map orientation: 1) from the map page menu, turn the large right knob to highlight ‘setup map?’ (figure 2-16) and press the ent key. 2) turn the small right knob to select ‘map’ (figure 2-17) and press the ent ...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-12 automatic zoom the automatic zoom feature automatically adjusts the map range from 2000 nm through each lower range, stopping at 1.0 nm when approaching the destination waypoint. Enabling/disabling automatic zoom: 1) fr...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-13 displaying airspace boundaries, highways, roads, railroad lines, track log data, active flight plan course lines, and lat/long grid lines: 1) from the map page menu, turn the large right knob to highlight ‘setup map?’ an...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-14 turning the data fields off/on: turn the large right knob to highlight ‘data fields off?’ (or ‘data fields on?’) and press the ent key. Selecting desired on-screen data ‘change fields?’ allows the pilot to choose the dat...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-15 2.5 terrain page note: the terrain page does not appear on gps 400 units that are not properly equipped with or configured for terrain. See section 9 for a full description of terrain functions. Terrain page to display t...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-16 displaying a 360˚ view: 1) select the terrain page and press the menu key. 2) select ‘view 360˚?’ (figure 2-28). Figure 2-28 terrain page menu 3) press the ent key. To switch back to a 120˚ view, repeat step 1, select ‘...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-17 inhibit mode terrain has an inhibit mode that deactivates the flta/pda visual alerts. Pilots should use discretion when inhibiting terrain and always remember to enable the system when appropriate. See section 9.3 for m...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-18 2.6 nav/com page the nav/com (navigation communications) page (figure 2-34) provides a list of the airport communication and navigation frequencies at the departure, enroute, and arrival airports. The nav/com page makes...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-19 scrolling through the list of frequencies: 1) activate the cursor, if not already active, by pressing the small right knob. 2) turn the large right knob to move the cursor through the list of frequencies. If there are m...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-20 2.7 position page the position page displays the present position (by default, in latitude and longitude) and altitude. The position page (figure 2-39) also displays the current track, ground speed, time, and a referenc...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-21 5) press the ent key to select the desired data item and return to the position page. 6) press the small right knob momentarily to remove the cursor from the page. The position page also features a reference waypoint fie...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-22 6) press the ent key to select the desired type and return to the position page. 7) to select between ‘bearing from’ or ‘bearing to’ to the reference waypoint, turn the small right knob to select the desired bearing ref...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-23 2.8 satellite status page the satellite status page provides a visual reference of gps receiver functions, including current satellite coverage, gps receiver status, and position accuracy. The satellite status page (fig...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-24 each satellite has a 30-second data transmission that must be collected (hollow signal strength bar, see figure 2-48) before the satellite may be used for navigation (solid signal strength bar, see figure 2-47). Once th...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-25 2.9 vertical navigation page the gps 400’s vertical navigation page (the last nav page, see figure 2-49) allows the pilot to create a three- dimensional profile which guides the pilot from the present position and altitu...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-26 4) turn the small right knob to select ‘above wpt’ (agl) or ‘msl’, (figure 2-52) and press the ent key. ‘above wpt’ uses the altitude of a destination airport as stored in the jeppesen navdata card. ‘msl’ lets the pilot...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-27 with the profile set, the vertical speed required (vsr) is displayed on the vertical navigation page. Expect the following to occur when using the vertical navigation feature: • at one minute prior to reaching the initia...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 2 nav pages 2-28 blank page.

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 3-1 section 3 direct-to navigation section 3: direct-to navigation 3.1 overview the gps 400’s direct-to function provides a quick method of setting a course to a destination waypoint. Once a direct-to is activated, the gps 400 establishes a poi...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 3-2 section 3 direct-to navigation selecting a destination by facility name or city in addition to selecting a destination by identifier, the select direct-to waypoint page (figure 3-4) also allows the pilot to select airports, vors, and ndbs by...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 3-3 section 3 direct-to navigation selecting a direct-to destination from the active flight plan: 1) press the direct-to key. The select direct-to waypoint page appears, with the waypoint identifier field highlighted. 2) turn the large right knob ...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 3-4 section 3 direct-to navigation shortcuts shortcuts are available when using the direct-to key, allowing the pilot to bypass the use of the small and large right knobs to enter the destination waypoint’s identifier. A direct-to can be perform...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 3-5 section 3 direct-to navigation selecting a direct-to destination from the map page direct-to destinations may also be selected from the map page. If no airport, navaid, or user waypoint exists at the desired location, a waypoint named ‘+map...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 3-6 section 3 direct-to navigation specifying a course to a waypoint when performing a direct-to, the gps 400 sets a direct great circle course to the selected destination. The course to the destination can also be manually defined using the ‘cr...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-1 section 4 flight plans section 4: flight plans the gps 400 lets the pilot create up to 20 different flight plans, with up to 31 waypoints in each flight plan. The flight plan page group consists of two pages (active flight plan page, figure 4...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-2 section 4 flight plans 4) a blank flight plan page appears for the first empty storage location (figure 4-4). Use the small and large right knobs to enter the identifier of the departure waypoint and press the ent key. Figure 4-4 flight plan ...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-3 section 4 flight plans deleting a waypoint from an existing flight plan: 1) press the fpl key and turn the small right knob to display the flight plan catalog page. 2) press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 3) turn the large righ...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-4 section 4 flight plans activating flight plans once a flight plan is defined through the flight plan catalog page (using the steps outlined previously in this section), it may be activated for navigation. Activating the flight plan places it i...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-5 section 4 flight plans copying flight plans to save a flight plan currently located in ‘flight plan 00’, be sure to copy it to an open catalog location (1-19) before the flight plan is cancelled, overwritten, or erased. Copying a flight plan to...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-6 section 4 flight plans flight plan catalog options the options (some covered on the preceding pages) available for the flight plan catalog page are listed in table 4-1. Menu option description activate flight plan? Allows the pilot to selec...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-7 section 4 flight plans crossfilling flight plans between two 400/500- series garmin units: 1) select the ‘crossfill?’ option from the flight plan catalog page menu (figure 4-13) and press the ent key. Figure 4-13 flight plan catalog page menu ...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-8 section 4 flight plans deleting all flight plans: 1) select the ‘delete all flight plans?’ option from the flight plan catalog page menu (figure 4-16) and press the ent key. Figure 4-16 flight plan catalog page menu 2) a confirmation window a...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-9 section 4 flight plans 4.2 active flight plan page the active flight plan page provides information and editing functions for ‘flight plan 00’, the flight plan currently in use for navigation. Once the pilot has activated a direct-to or flight...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-10 section 4 flight plans menu option description activate leg* activates/reactivates the flight plan and selects the highlighted leg as the ‘active leg’ (the leg which is currently used for navigation guidance) crossfill allows the pilot to tr...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-11 section 4 flight plans the data fields for dtk and dis are user-selectable and may be changed to display cumulative distance (cum) to each waypoint, estimated time of arrival (eta), estimated time enroute (ete), or enroute safe altitude (es...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-12 section 4 flight plans selecting an approach for a direct-to or flight plan destination airport: 1) choose the ‘select approach?’ option from the active flight plan page menu (figure 4-24) and press the ent key. Figure 4-24 active flight pl...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-13 section 4 flight plans selecting an arrival for a direct-to or flight plan destination airport: 1) select the ‘select arrival?’ option from the active flight plan page menu (figure 4-27) and press the ent key. Figure 4-27 active flight plan...

  • Page 74

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-14 section 4 flight plans removing an approach, arrival, or departure from the active flight plan: 1) select the ‘remove approach?’, ‘remove arrival?’, or ‘remove departure?’ option from the active flight plan page menu (figure 4-30) and press...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-15 section 4 flight plans shortcuts a number of shortcuts are available to save time when using the active flight plan page. These shortcuts speed the process of removing approaches, departures, and arrivals, and aid in selecting a specific fli...

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    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 4-16 section 4 flight plans the ‘activate leg?’ option is discussed previously in this section, which allows the pilot to specify which leg of the flight plan is used for navigation guidance. A shortcut also exists for this operation, using the ...

  • Page 77

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-1 section 5: procedures 5.1 approaches, departures, and arrivals the gps 400 allows the pilot to fly non-precision and precision approaches to airports with published instrument approach procedures. All available approache...

  • Page 78

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-2 5) turn the large right knob to highlight ‘load?’ or ‘activate?’ (approaches only) and press the ent key. ‘load?’ adds the procedure to the flight plan without immediately using it for navigation guidance. This allows th...

  • Page 79

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-3 another procedures page option allows the pilot to activate the final course segment of the approach. This option assumes the pilot will receive vectors to the final approach fix (faf) and provides guidance to intercept th...

  • Page 80

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-4 do not use for navigation figure 5-8 sample approach select destination ‘select’ and ‘load’ the approach ‘activate’ the approach approach operations on the gps 400 typically begin with the same basic steps (refer to fig...

  • Page 81

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-5 the steps required to set up and fly the approach are detailed below (refer to figure 5-9 for the following steps): 1) prior to departing kfdk, the destination (klyh) is selected using the direct-to key or by creating a ...

  • Page 82

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-6 flying the procedure turn figure 5-13 sample approach with procedure turn do not use for navigation refer to figure 5-13 for the following steps: 1) within 30 nm of the destination airport, the gps 400 switches from enr...

  • Page 83

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-7 figure 5-16 waypoint alert 4) fly the outbound course. 5) approximately one minute after passing the faf (lyh), the alert message ‘start proc trn’ appears in the lower right corner of the screen. Initiate the procedure ...

  • Page 84

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-8 11) after crossing the faf, the destination sequences to the map (‘rw03’, the runway threshold, see figure 5-19). Fly toward the map. Figure 5-19 sequence to map note: when viewing the map page, note that the final cours...

  • Page 85

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-9 the obs key is used to initiate the missed approach, as follows (refer to figure 5-21 for the following steps): 1) press the obs key. The missed approach holding point (mahp; in this case ‘swarm’ intersection) is automa...

  • Page 86

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-10 flying an approach with a hold starting where the previous example left off, assume weather conditions resulted in a missed approach at lynchburg regional. The pilot has decided to divert to farmville regional (kfvx) i...

  • Page 87

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-11 figure 5-29 active flight plan page figure 5-30 terminal mode do not use for navigation refer to figure 5-30 for the following steps. 7) as in the last example, within 30 nm of the airport, the gps 400 switches from en...

  • Page 88

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-12 note: if the pilot needs to lose extra altitude or speed by going around the holding pattern again, press the obs key to manually suspend waypoint sequencing before crossing the holding waypoint the second time. If thi...

  • Page 89

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-13 13) when approaching the faf, a waypoint alert (‘next dtk 209°’) appears in the lower right corner (figure 5-35). Make any course adjustments necessary for the final course segment (faf to map). Figure 5-35 final approa...

  • Page 90

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-14 flying a dme arc approach the gps overlay for a dme arc approach uses additional jeppesen-provided waypoints to define the arc. These waypoints are indicated by ‘d’ as the first letter in the waypoint name. This is follo...

  • Page 91

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-15 figure 5-40 approach window do not use for navigation billard muni (topeka, ks) vor or gps rwy 22 figure 5-41 terminal mode refer to figure 5-41 for the following steps. 3) within 30 nm of ktop, the gps 400 switches fr...

  • Page 92

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-16 7) the next point in the approach is an intermediate fix, labeled ‘d025g’. When approaching this intermediate fix, a waypoint alert (‘next dtk 205°’) appears in the lower right corner of the screen (figure 5-44). As the ...

  • Page 93

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-17 10) after crossing the faf, the destination sequences to the map (‘rw22’, the runway threshold). With the needle centered, fly toward the map, observing the altitude minimums dictated by the approach plate. When viewin...

  • Page 94

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-18 selecting ‘vectors’ from the transitions window: 1) select billard municipal (ktop) as the destination, using the direct-to key, or as the last waypoint in a flight plan. 2) press the proc key and select the ‘vor 22’ ap...

  • Page 95

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-19 do not use for navigation figure 5-52 terminal mode in this example, we’ll assume atc vectors result in a rectangular course to intercept final, as follows (refer to figure 5-52 for the following steps): 1) within 30 nm...

  • Page 96

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-20 do not use for navigation figure 5-56 approach mode refer to figure 5-56 for the following steps. 6) at 2.0 nm from the faf (top vor), the gps 400 switches from terminal mode to approach mode (figure 5-57). Cdi scaling...

  • Page 97

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-21 course from fix flight plan legs certain approach, departure, and arrival procedures in the jeppesen database contain course from fix flight plan legs. The gps 400 is able to load these legs into the flight plan along wit...

  • Page 98

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-22 figure 5-62 default nav page figure 5-63 map page 3) at 13.0 nm from the faf, a waypoint alert (‘next dtk 265°’) appears in the lower right corner of the screen. Turn to intercept the final approach course and watch for...

  • Page 99

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-23 course from fix to altitude legs show the specific target altitude on the active flight plan page (figure 5-64) and the default nav page (figure 5-65). The missed approach sequence for the palmdale vor/dme rwy 25 approac...

  • Page 100

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-24 3) fly the outbound course. The map page depicts the flight path extending indefinitely from pmd vor (figure 5-67). The distance (dis) on the default nav page, the map page, and the active flight plan page increases, ind...

  • Page 101

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-25 course from fix to manual sequence legs appear on the active flight plan page and the map page with ‘man seq’ in place of a waypoint identifier. An example of this type of course leg appears in the coastal one departure ...

  • Page 102

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 5 procedures 5-26 3) fly the outbound course. Once cleared to sequence to the next leg, press the obs key. Confirm that ‘susp’ no longer appears directly above the obs key. An alert (‘next dtk 186°’) appears in the lower right corner of ...

  • Page 103

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-1 section 6 wpt pages section 6: wpt pages 6.1 wpt page group section 2 introduced the gps 400’s main page groups (table 6-1)—nav, wpt, aux, nrst—and described each page in the nav group. This second page group (wpt) provides information for ...

  • Page 104

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-2 section 6 wpt pages entering a waypoint identifier: 1) select the desired wpt page and press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 2) turn the small right knob to select the first character of the waypoint’s identifier. 3) turn the larg...

  • Page 105

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-3 section 6 wpt pages duplicate waypoints once the identifier, facility name, or location is entered, all six airport pages display information for the selected airport. When entering an identifier, facility name, or location, the gps 400’s spe...

  • Page 106

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-4 section 6 wpt pages 6.2 airport location page the airport location page (figure 6-8) displays the latitude, longitude, and elevation of the selected airport. The airport location page also displays facility name and location, as well as fue...

  • Page 107

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-5 section 6 wpt pages 6.3 airport runway page the airport runway page (figure 6-9) displays runway designations, length, surface type, and lighting for the selected airport. A map image of the runway layout and surrounding area is also displa...

  • Page 108

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-6 section 6 wpt pages adjusting the range of the map image: 1) press the down arrow of the rng key to display a smaller map area. 2) press the up arrow of the rng key to display a larger map area. The following descriptions and abbreviations ...

  • Page 109

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-7 section 6 wpt pages figure 6-13 frequency highlighted 3) to remove the flashing cursor, press the small right knob. Some listed frequencies may include designations for limited usage, as follows: • ‘tx’ - transmit only • ‘rx’ - receive only ...

  • Page 110

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-8 section 6 wpt pages 6.5 airport approach page the airport approach page (figure 6-16) shows the available approach procedures for the selected airport. Where multiple initial approach fixes (iafs) and feeder routes are available, that inform...

  • Page 111

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-9 section 6 wpt pages note: not all approaches in the database are approved for gps use. When selecting an approach, a ‘gps’ designation to the right of the procedure name indicates the procedure can be flown using the gps receiver. Some proce...

  • Page 112

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-10 section 6 wpt pages 6.6 airport arrival page the airport arrival page (figure 6-21) shows the available airport standard terminal arrival (star) procedures for the selected airport. Where multiple transitions or runways are associated with...

  • Page 113

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-11 section 6 wpt pages 7) turn the small right knob to display a window of available runways (figure 6-24). Continue turning the small right knob to select the desired runway. ‘all’ may appear in the runway field, indicating the arrival proced...

  • Page 114

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-12 section 6 wpt pages 6.7 airport departure page the airport departure page (figure 6-26) shows the available airport standard instrument departure (sid) procedures for the selected airport. Where multiple runways or transitions are associat...

  • Page 115

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-13 section 6 wpt pages airport departure page options the following option is available for the airport departure page, by pressing the menu key: load into active fpl? Allows the pilot to load the selected departure into the active flight plan...

  • Page 116

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-14 section 6 wpt pages 6.9 ndb page the ndb page displays the facility name, city, region/country, latitude, and longitude for the selected ndb (figure 6-31). The ndb page also displays the frequency and a weather broadcast indication (if app...

  • Page 117

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-15 section 6 wpt pages 6.11 user waypoint page in addition to the airport, vor, ndb, and intersection information contained in the jeppesen navdata card, the gps 400 allows the pilot to store up to 1,000 user- defined waypoints. The user waypo...

  • Page 118

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-16 section 6 wpt pages 3) turn the large right knob to highlight the position field at the bottom of the page. 4) use the small and large right knobs to enter the position coordinates for the new waypoint (figure 6-36). Figure 6-36 present pos...

  • Page 119

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-17 section 6 wpt pages 7) turn the large right knob to highlight ‘create?’ (figure 6-38) and press the ent key. Figure 6-38 ‘create?’ highlighted 8) press the small right knob to remove the flashing cursor. Creating reference waypoints the gps...

  • Page 120

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-18 section 6 wpt pages 3) a four-digit name is automatically assigned to the waypoint. To change this name, turn the large right knob to highlight the name field, then use the small and large right knobs to select a new name. Press the ent key...

  • Page 121

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-19 section 6 wpt pages modifying a user waypoint by changing reference waypoint information: 1) with the user waypoint page displayed, press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 2) use the small and large right knobs to enter the name...

  • Page 122

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-20 section 6 wpt pages user waypoint page options the following user waypoint page options are available by pressing the menu key: ‘view user waypoint list?’ displays a list of all user waypoints currently stored in memory. Viewing a list of ...

  • Page 123

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-21 section 6 wpt pages user waypoint list the user waypoint list (figure 6-48) allows the pilot to review, modify, rename, or delete a selected user waypoint, or to delete all user waypoints currently stored in memory. The top of the page sho...

  • Page 124

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 6-22 section 6 wpt pages deleting a user waypoint from the user waypoint list: 1) select the user waypoint list, as described in this section. 2) turn the large right knob to highlight the desired user waypoint. 3) press the clr key to display ...

  • Page 125

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 7-1 section 7 nrst pages section 7: nrst pages 7.1 nrst page group section 2.1 introduced the gps 400’s main page groups (table 7-1)—nav, wpt, aux, nrst—and described each page in the nav group. This fourth page group (nrst) provides detailed i...

  • Page 126

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 7-2 section 7 nrst pages not all nine nearest airports, vors, ndbs, intersections, or user waypoints can be displayed on the corresponding nrst page at one time. The nearest airport page displays detailed information for three nearest airports,...

  • Page 127

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 7-3 section 7 nrst pages navigating to a nearby waypoint the nrst pages can be used in conjunction with the gps 400’s direct-to function to quickly set a course to a nearby facility, and can provide navigation to the nearest airport in case of ...

  • Page 128

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 7-4 section 7 nrst pages 7.2 nearest airport page the nearest airport page displays the identifier, symbol, bearing, and distance to the nine nearest airports (within 200 nm of the present position). For each airport listed, the nearest airport ...

  • Page 129

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 7-5 section 7 nrst pages 5) to view additional wpt pages for the selected airport (including the airport runway page and the airport frequency page) press the small right knob to remove the flashing cursor. Turn the small right knob to display t...

  • Page 130

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 7-6 section 7 nrst pages 7.4 nearest ndb page the nearest ndb page (figure 7-13) displays the identifier, symbol, bearing, distance, and frequency to the nine nearest ndbs (within 200 nm of the present position). To view additional information f...

  • Page 131

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 7-7 section 7 nrst pages figure 7-15 nearest vor page 4) press the ent key to display the vor page for the selected vor. 5) to return to the nearest vor page, verify that ‘done?’ is highlighted by the flashing cursor and press the ent key (or pr...

  • Page 132

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 7-8 section 7 nrst pages 7.7 nearest center (artcc) page the nearest center page (figure 7-17) displays the facility name, bearing to, and distance to the five nearest artcc points of communication (within 200 nm of the present position). For ea...

  • Page 133

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 7-9 section 7 nrst pages 7.9 nearest airspace page the last page in the nrst group, the nearest airspace page (figure 7-21) alerts the pilot to as many as nine controlled or special use airspaces near or in the flight path. Alerts are provided a...

  • Page 134

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 7-10 section 7 nrst pages once an airspace alert message appears, detailed information concerning the specific airspace is provided on the nearest airspace page (figure 7-21). The nearest airspace page displays the airspace name, status (‘ahead’...

  • Page 135

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 7-11 section 7 nrst pages the airspace page displays (and airspace alert messages are provided for) the following airspace types (figures 7-25, 7-26, and 7-27): • alert • caution • class b • class c • class d • cta • danger • moa • prohibited •...

  • Page 136

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 7-12 section 7 nrst pages blank page.

  • Page 137

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-1 section 8 aux pages section 8: aux pages 8.1 aux page group section 2.1 introduced the gps 400’s main page groups (table 8-1)—nav, wpt, aux, nrst—and described each page in the nav group. The third page group (aux) allows the pilot to chang...

  • Page 138

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-2 section 8 aux pages 8.2 flight planning page the flight planning page (figure 8-4) provides access (via menu options) to fuel planning, trip planning, density altitude/true airspeed/winds aloft calculations, and a ‘crossfill’ function to tra...

  • Page 139

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-3 section 8 aux pages the flight planning page options are listed in table 8-2. Option description fuel planning when equipped with fuel flow (ff) and/or fuel on board (fob) sensors, this option displays current fuel conditions along the activ...

  • Page 140

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-4 section 8 aux pages flight planning page: fuel planning performing fuel planning operations: 1) select ‘fuel planning’ from the flight planning page, using the steps described in section 8.2. 2) the current fuel planning ‘mode’ is displayed...

  • Page 141

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-5 section 8 aux pages 5) if the fuel management system does not enter the data automatically, turn the large right knob to highlight the fuel on board (fob) field (figure 8-11). Figure 8-11 fob highlighted 6) use the small and large right knob...

  • Page 142

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-6 section 8 aux pages fuel planning figures can be entered and displayed based upon one of three possible configurations: • no fuel sensors connected - in this instance fuel flow is manually entered and is used to calculate fuel on board. When f...

  • Page 143

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-7 section 8 aux pages 5) turn the large right knob to highlight the departure time (dep time) field. 6) use the small and large right knobs to enter the departure time. Press the ent key when finished. Departure time may be entered in local or ...

  • Page 144

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-8 section 8 aux pages 4) the flashing cursor moves to the barometric pressure (baro) field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the barometric pressure (altimeter setting). Press the ent key when finished. 5) the flashing cursor moves to...

  • Page 145

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-9 section 8 aux pages • automatic operation: if both units are set to automatic, a change in the active flight plan of one unit is also be seen in the other. Initiating a direct-to to a waypoint on one unit also initiates a direct-to to the sa...

  • Page 146

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-10 section 8 aux pages • active flight plan - transfer the active flight plan to/from a second 400/500-series garmin unit in a dual unit installation. This option is the default when selecting ‘crossfill’ from the active flight plan page. • fli...

  • Page 147

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-11 section 8 aux pages 4) the flashing cursor moves to the type field under the new message (figure 8-27). Turn the small right knob to display a window of available options (figure 8-28): event, one time, periodic. Press the ent key to select....

  • Page 148

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-12 section 8 aux pages 8.3 utility page the utility page (figure 8-29) provides access (via menu options) to checklists, a count down/up timer, trip timers, trip statistics, raim (receiver autonomous integrity monitoring) prediction, sunrise/...

  • Page 149

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-13 section 8 aux pages • raim prediction - predicts if gps coverage is available for the current location or at a specified waypoint at any time and date. Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (raim) performs checks to ensure that the gps 4...

  • Page 150

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-14 section 8 aux pages utility page: checklists creating a checklist: 1) select ‘checklist’ from the utility page (figure 8-33), using the steps described at the beginning of this section (8.3). Press the ent key to display a list of checklis...

  • Page 151

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-15 section 8 aux pages inserting a checklist step into an existing checklist: 1) with the checklists page displayed, turn the large right knob to select the desired checklist and press the ent key. 2) turn the large right knob to highlight th...

  • Page 152

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-16 section 8 aux pages 4) for a count down timer, turn the large right knob to highlight the time field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the count down time—in hours, minutes, and seconds. Press the ent key when finished. 5) to sto...

  • Page 153

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-17 section 8 aux pages utility page: trip statistics resetting trip statistics readouts: 1) select ‘trip statistics’ from the utility page (figure 8-40), using the steps described at the beginning of this section. Figure 8-40 trip statistics ...

  • Page 154

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-18 section 8 aux pages 3) the flashing cursor moves to the arrival date field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the date for which the pilot wants to determine raim availability. Press the ent key when finished. 4) the flashing cursor...

  • Page 155

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-19 section 8 aux pages 4) press the ent key to calculate sunrise and sunset times for the selected location and date (figure 8-47). Figure 8-47 sunrise/sunset page utility page: software versions the software versions page (figure 8-48) displ...

  • Page 156

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-20 section 8 aux pages 8.4 setup 1 page the setup 1 page provides access (via menu options) to airspace alarms, cdi scale adjustment, an arrival alarm, units of measure settings, position formats, map datums, and settings for local or utc tim...

  • Page 157

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-21 section 8 aux pages cdi scales and corresponding flight phases: oceanic enroute terminal approach figure 8-54 cdi scales during approach operations the cdi scale gradually ramps down even further, to 0.3 nm. This transition normally occurs...

  • Page 158

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-22 section 8 aux pages • ‘position/map datum’ - configures position readout information to the desired position format. The map datum used in the gps 400 is wgs 84. Note that using a map datum that does not match the charts can result in signi...

  • Page 159

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-23 section 8 aux pages 4) to change the altitude buffer, turn the large right knob to highlight the ‘altitude buffers’ field (figure 8-57). Use the small and large right knobs to enter the desired buffer distance. Press the ent key when finishe...

  • Page 160

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-24 section 8 aux pages setting the arrival alarm and alarm distance: 1) select ‘cdi/alarms’ from the setup 1 page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) turn the large right knob to highlight the ‘on’/’off’ field (dire...

  • Page 161

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-25 section 8 aux pages changing the units of measure: 1) select ‘units/mag var’ from the setup 1 page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) turn the large right knob to highlight the desired units of measure category...

  • Page 162

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-26 section 8 aux pages viewing the map datum: 1) select ‘position format/map datum’ from the setup 1 page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) the wgs 84 map datum is displayed, this field cannot be changed. Figure 8...

  • Page 163

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-27 section 8 aux pages setting the local time: 1) select ‘date/time’ from the setup 1 page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) turn the large right knob to highlight the time offset field (figure 8-68). Figure 8-68 ...

  • Page 164

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-28 section 8 aux pages 8.5 setup 2 page the setup 2 page (figure 8-70) provides access (via menu options) to display adjustments, parameters which define the nearest airport search, and configuration of displayed data fields. When a menu option ...

  • Page 165

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-29 section 8 aux pages setup 2 page: display changing the backlighting intensity: 1) select ‘display’ from the setup 2 page (figure 8-73), using the steps described at the beginning of this section (8.5). Figure 8-73 display highlighted 2) th...

  • Page 166

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-30 section 8 aux pages setup 2 page: nearest airport criteria setting the minimum runway length and runway surface: 1) select ‘nearest airport criteria’ from the setup 2 page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section. 2) the...

  • Page 167

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-31 section 8 aux pages abbreviation data type brg bearing cts course to steer dis distance dtk desired track esa enroute safe altitude eta estimated time of arrival flow total fuel flow gs ground speed msa minimum safe altitude tke track angl...

  • Page 168

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 8-32 section 8 aux pages 3) selecting ‘config fields’ configures the upper, middle, and lower data fields to display user selectable data information. Selecting ‘traffic’ configures the upper and middle data fields to display thumbnail traffic informa...

  • Page 169

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 9-1 section 9 terrain section 9: terrain note: not all gps 400 units are equipped with or configured for terrain. See the 400-series installation manual (190-00140-02) for terrain configuration information. 9.1 introduction garmin terrain is a no...

  • Page 170

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 9-2 section 9 terrain terrain alerting terrain uses information provided from the gps receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude. Gps altitude is derived from satellite measurements. Gps altitude is converted to a mean sea level (ms...

  • Page 171

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 9-3 section 9 terrain 9.2 terrain page see section 2.5 for a complete description of the terrain page and its operation. Terrain symbols the symbols and colors in figure 9-1 and table 9-1 are used to represent obstacles and potential impact poi...

  • Page 172

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 9-4 section 9 terrain 9.3 terrain alerts terrain alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within terrain software algorithms. Terrain alerts typically employ either an advisory or a caution alert severity level, or b...

  • Page 173

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 9-5 section 9 terrain table 9-2 shows the possible terrain alert types with corresponding annunciations. Alert type annunciation pop-up alert terrain failure none terrain inhibited none terrain not available none required terrain clearance (rtc...

  • Page 174

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 9-6 section 9 terrain table 9-3 shows system status annunciations that may also be issued: alert type terrain page annunciation pop-up alert terrain system test fail none terrain alerting is disabled none no gps position or excessively degraded...

  • Page 175

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 9-7 section 9 terrain premature descent alerting a premature descent alert (pda) is issued when the system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the normal approach path to a runway (figure 9-5). Pda alerting begins when the aircraft ...

  • Page 176: Terrain Failure Alert

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 9-8 section 9 terrain terrain not available alert terrain requires a 3-d gps navigation solution along with specific vertical accuracy minimums. Should the navigation solution become degraded or if the aircraft is out of the database coverage ar...

  • Page 177

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 9-9 section 9 terrain 9.4 database information for terrain general database information garmin terrain uses terrain and obstacle information supplied by government sources. The data undergoes verification by garmin to confirm accuracy of the cont...

  • Page 178

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 9-10 section 9 terrain database updates terrain/obstacle databases are updated periodically with the latest terrain and obstacle data. Visit the garmin website to check for newer versions of terrain/obstacle databases (compare database cycle nu...

  • Page 179

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-1 section 10 additional features section 10: additional features caution: the weather data link and tis information contained in this section is not intended to replace the documentation that is supplied with the gdl 49, the gdl 69(a) data l...

  • Page 180

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-2 section 10 additional features tis displays up to eight traffic targets within 7 nautical miles horizontally from 3000 feet below to 3500 feet above the requesting aircraft (figure 10-1). Figure 10-1 tis coverage volume 7.0 nm 3,500 ft 3,00...

  • Page 181

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-3 section 10 additional features comes between the transponder antenna (usually located on the underside of the aircraft) and the ground-based radar antenna, the signal may be temporarily interrupted. Other limitations and anomalies associat...

  • Page 182

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-4 section 10 additional features tis audio alerting the tis audio alert is generated when the number of traffic advisories (ta) on the gps 400 display increases from one scan to the next. For example, when the first ta appears on the tis displ...

  • Page 183

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-5 section 10 additional features figure 10-4 traffic symbol components altitude deviation altitude trend traffic ground track vector traffic type traffic type description traffic advisory (ta) this symbol (solid yellow circle) is generated when a...

  • Page 184

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-6 section 10 additional features • data fail - ‘data fail’ is displayed when data is being received from gtx 330 (figure 10-7), but there was a failure detected in the data stream. The pilot should see the installer for corrective action. Fi...

  • Page 185

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-7 section 10 additional features figure 10-11 traffic removed banner • unavail - when a 60 second period elapses with no data, tis is considered to be unavailable. This state is indicated by the text ‘unavail’ (figure 10-12). The pilot should...

  • Page 186

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-8 section 10 additional features traffic page display range various display ranges can be selected for optimal display of tis traffic information. Changing the display range on the traffic page: press the rng key to zoom through the range selec...

  • Page 187

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-9 section 10 additional features thumbnail traffic on map page the map page can display traffic in a thumbnail format in any of the top three data fields on the right-hand side of the map page. Displaying thumbnail traffic on the map page: 1) tu...

  • Page 188

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-10 section 10 additional features power-up test the tis interface performs an automatic test during power-up. • if the system passes the power-up test, the standby screen appears on the traffic page. • if the system passes the power-up test a...

  • Page 189

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-11 section 10 additional features 10.2 weather data link interface this section is written for: • garmin gps 400 main system software version 5.01 and later • gdl 49 main software version 2.03 and later • gdl 69/69a main software version 2.1...

  • Page 190

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-12 section 10 additional features weather products the following weather products are available for display on the gps 400 unit via the weather data link interface: • nexrad data • graphical metar data • text-based metar data • graphical tem...

  • Page 191

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-13 section 10 additional features nexrad intensity colors are used to identify the different nexrad echo intensities (reflectivity) measured in dbz (decibels of z). Reflectivity (designated by the letter z) is the amount of transmitted power r...

  • Page 192

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-14 section 10 additional features requesting nexrad data nexrad data can be requested from the data link page or the map page. Requesting nexrad data from the data link page: 1) select the data link page from the aux page group. 2) press the...

  • Page 193

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-15 section 10 additional features • auto request (gdl 49 only) - this field is used to set the time interval for the gdl 49 to automatically send a nexrad data request. The time options are off, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30 min, 45 min, and 1 h...

  • Page 194

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-16 section 10 additional features displaying nexrad data on the weather page to display nexrad data on the weather page: 1) select the nav weather page (figure 10-23) using the small and large right knobs. When the gps 400 unit is configured ...

  • Page 195

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-17 section 10 additional features displaying nexrad data on the map page when nexrad data is received, it is displayed on the map page, in addition to the weather page and the default nav page. Customizing nexrad data on the map page the pil...

  • Page 196

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-18 section 10 additional features the pilot may use the ‘nexrad off?’ and ‘nexrad on?’ fields in the page menu (figure 10-25) to turn off the display of nexrad data from the map page. Figure 10-25 map page options menu note: if the gps 400 is...

  • Page 197

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-19 section 10 additional features data link request log page (gdl 49 only) the data link request log page (figure 10-27) is used to display the data that was requested. When a request is received, a check mark is placed in the box. Viewing t...

  • Page 198

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-20 section 10 additional features • auto request - this field is used to set the time interval for the system to automatically send the position. The time options are off, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30 min, 45 min, and 1 hr. When an auto request...

  • Page 199

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-21 section 10 additional features note: textual metars can only be requested by identifier or by flight plan (if the flight plan contains a metar station identifier). • center - this field allows the pilot to specify reference points for the requ...

  • Page 200

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-22 section 10 additional features requesting graphical or textual metars from the map page: 1) select the map page. 2) press the menu key. The map page options menu is displayed (figure 10-33). Figure 10-33 map page menu 3) select ‘request m...

  • Page 201

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-23 section 10 additional features weather legend page the symbology unique to graphical metar, winds, and temperature/dewpoint data is displayed on the weather legend page. The weather legend is accessed from the weather page. Note: all meta...

  • Page 202

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-24 section 10 additional features entering an identifier: 1) select the data link page. Highlight ‘textual metar’ and press the ent key. 2) turn the small right knob and scroll through the list of four letter identifiers. 3) highlight the desi...

  • Page 203

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-25 section 10 additional features monitoring the data link the data link status page provides an indication of the integrity of the data link. The data link page allows the pilot to monitor the system and determine the possible cause of a fa...

  • Page 204

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-26 section 10 additional features the gdl 69 datalink status page shows the following fields: • sat id/connectivity - this field shows the current activation status and signal strength of the xm satellite radio weather service. Table 10-8 list...

  • Page 205

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-27 section 10 additional features standard aviation forecast abbreviations the standard aviation forecast abbreviations are listed in table 10-10. Standard aviation forecast abbreviations ‘+’ – (heavy) ‘-’ – (light) ‘/’ – (missing or separat...

  • Page 206

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-28 section 10 additional features the symbol in figure 10-37 indicates the ceiling at kmwm is marginal vfr, with heavy snow and low ifr visibility. The data age is 31-60 minutes old. Ceiling and visibility - flight rules vfr (green bars) mar...

  • Page 207

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-29 section 10 additional features to interpret wind speed, add the values of each of the wind speed barbs. In figure 10-38, there are two long barbs (10 knots each) and one short barb (5 knots each). Thus, the total wind speed is 25 knots. A...

  • Page 208

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E 10-30 section 10 additional features blank page.

  • Page 209

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 11 – fault detection and exclusion 11-1 section 11: fault detection and exclusion fault detection and exclusion (fde) is incorporated in the garmin gps 400 main and gps software version 3.00 and higher. Fde algorithms provide a basis fo...

  • Page 210

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 11 – fault detection and exclusion 11-2 11.2 pre-departure verification of fde since fde is based upon the exclusion of “bad” satellites, it is necessary to ensure there will be an adequate number of satellites in the gps constellation ...

  • Page 211

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 12 – messages, abbreviations, & nav terms 12-1 section 12: messages, abbreviations, and nav terms 12.1 messages the gps 400 uses a flashing ‘msg’ annunciator at the bottom of the screen (directly above the msg key) to alert the pilot of ...

  • Page 212

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 12 – messages, abbreviations, & nav terms 12-2 message description approaching vnav profile the aircraft is within one minute of reaching the initial vertical navigation descent, or climb, point. Arrival at waypoint [waypoint name] the a...

  • Page 213

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 12 – messages, abbreviations, & nav terms 12-3 message description database changed, validate user modified procedures the pilot has modified one or more approaches, departures, or arrivals from their original published form. When the nav...

  • Page 214

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 12 – messages, abbreviations, & nav terms 12-4 message description gps needs service the gps 400 has detected a failure in its gps receiver. The gps receiver may still be usable, but the unit should be returned (at the earliest convenie...

  • Page 215

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 12 – messages, abbreviations, & nav terms 12-5 message description no basemap data available the gps 400 has detected a failure in the built-in basemap (land data) memory. Land data does not appear on the map page. Other unit functions ...

  • Page 216

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 12 – messages, abbreviations, & nav terms 12-6 message description select auto sequence mode the obs key was pressed, disabling auto sequencing of waypoints (in a flight plan or instrument procedure). The obs key should be pressed again ...

  • Page 217

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 12 – messages, abbreviations, & nav terms 12-7 message description waypoint memory is full all 1000 user waypoint locations in the gps 400’s memory have been used. Delete unwanted waypoints to make room for new entries..

  • Page 218

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 12 – messages, abbreviations, & nav terms 12-8 12.2 abbreviations the following is a list of abbreviations used on the gps 400 and their meanings: actv active alt altitude apprching approaching apr approach apt airport arspc airspace ar...

  • Page 219

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 12 – messages, abbreviations, & nav terms 12-9 g/s glideslope gl gallons gps global positioning system gs ground speed hdg heading hg inches of mercury hul horizontal uncertainty level hwy highway id identifier ig imperial gallons ils in...

  • Page 220

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 12 – messages, abbreviations, & nav terms 12-10 p.Pos present position proc procedure(s) prov province pwr power rad radial raim receiver autonomous integrity monitoring ref reference req required/requirements restrictd restricted rng r...

  • Page 221

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 12 – messages, abbreviations, & nav terms 12-11 12.3 navigation terms the following navigation terms are used on the gps 400 and in this pilot’s guide. Refer to figures 12-1 and 12-2 for graphic representation of navigation terms. Wpt 1...

  • Page 222

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E section 12 – messages, abbreviations, & nav terms 12-12 term description epe (estimated position error) a measure of satellite geometry quality and additional factors, expressed as a horizontal position error in feet or meters esa (enroute safe...

  • Page 223

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E appendix a data card use a-1 appendix a: data card use the jeppesen navdata card, and the terrain data card (if applicable) supplied with the gps 400 can be installed or removed when the gps 400 is on or off. If the navdata card is not present ...

  • Page 224

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E appendix a data card use a-2 to remove the navdata or terrain data card (figure a-2): 1) gently press on the tab—using a slight upward motion—at the front center of the data card. This partially deploys the swing arm handle. 2) rotate the swing...

  • Page 225

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E appendix b specifications b-1 appendix b: specifications physical unit size: 6.25’w x 11.00’d x 2.65’h (159 mm x 279 mm x 67 mm) unit weight: 4.9 pounds installed (2.2 kg) power input: 11-33 vdc (-0x version) 13.8/27.5 vdc (-1x version) environ...

  • Page 226

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E appendix b specifications b-2 blank page.

  • Page 227

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E appendix c troubleshooting c-1 appendix c: troubleshooting q & a this section is designed to answer some of the common questions regarding the gps 400’s capabilities and operation. If there is a problem operating the unit, read through this app...

  • Page 228

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E appendix c troubleshooting c-2 what happens when i select an approach? Can i store a flight plan with an approach, departure, or arrival? When loading an approach, departure, or arrival into the active flight plan, a set of approach, departure, o...

  • Page 229

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E appendix c troubleshooting c-3 normal (no ‘obs’ annunciator) obs automatic sequencing of waypoints manual sequencing- ‘holds’ on selected waypoint change in hsi does not affect cdi deflection manually select course to next waypoint from hsi alwa...

  • Page 230

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E appendix c troubleshooting c-4 when should i use the obs key to return to auto sequencing, and what happens when i do? The most common application for using the obs key is the missed approach. The gps 400 suspends automatic waypoint sequencing ...

  • Page 231

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E appendix c troubleshooting c-5 when does turn anticipation begin, and what bank angle is expected? The gps 400 smooths adjacent leg transitions based upon a nominal 15º bank angle (with the ability to roll up to 25º) and provide three pilot cue...

  • Page 232

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E appendix c troubleshooting c-6 why does my cdi not respond like a vor when obs mode is active? Unlike a vor, the cdi scale used on gps equipment is based on the cross-track distance to the desired course, not an angular relationship to the dest...

  • Page 233

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E i-1 index a abbreviations 6-4, 6-6, 6-7, 6-13, 6-14, 6-15, 12-8 accessories 1-1 activate an existing flight plan in reverse 4-4 activate leg 4-11, 4-16, c-4 activate the approach 5-4, 5-10, c-6 activating flight plans 4-3 active flight plan option...

  • Page 234

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E i-2 index e ent key 1-3 epe (estimated position error) 2-23, 2-24, 11-1, 12-8 eta (estimated time of arrival) 2-3, 4-11, 8-3, 8-7, 12-8, 12-12 ete (estimated time enroute) 1-11, 2-3, 4-11, 8-3, 8-7, 12-8, 12-12 f fde (fault detection and exclus...

  • Page 235

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E i-3 index metar 10-11, 10-27 missed approach 3-1, 5-3, 5-8–5-11, 5-13, 5-17, 5-20, 5-22, 5-23, 5-24, 5-26, 12-5, c-1, c-4, c-5, c-6 mode s 10-1 msa (minimum safe altitude) 2-3, 2-20, 12-9, 12-12 msg key 1-4 n nav/com page 1-9, 1-12, 2-18, 2-19 ...

  • Page 236

    Gps 400 pilot’s guide and reference 190-00140-60 rev. E i-4 index setup 1 page 8-20, 8-22–8-26 setup 2 page 8-28, 8-29, 8-32 shortcuts 3-4, 4-15 sids 1-13, 11-2 signal strength 1-8, 2-23, 2-24 sky view 2-23 software/database version 8-12 sort list 4-6, 4-8, 8-15 specifications b-1 squelch 12-10 stars...

  • Page 238

    Garmin international, inc. 1200 east 151st street olathe, ks 66062, u.S.A. P: 913.397.8200 f: 913.397.8282 garmin at, inc. 2345 turner road se salem, or 97302, u.S.A. P: 503.391.3411 f: 503.364.2138 garmin (europe) ltd. Liberty house, bulls copse road hounsdown business park southampton, so40 9rb, u...