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Yamaha 20D Owner's Manual

Summary of 20D

  • Page 1

    Owner’s manual 20d 25n 6l3-28199-7a-e0

  • Page 2

    Emu25051 read this owner’s manual carefully before operating or working on your outboard motor. Keep this manual onboard in a waterproof bag when boating. This manual should stay with the outboard motor if it is sold..

  • Page 3: Important Manual Information

    Important manual information emu25103 to the owner thank you for choosing a yamaha outboard motor. This owner’s manual contains infor- mation needed for proper operation, mainte- nance and care. A thorough understanding of these simple instructions will help you ob- tain maximum enjoyment from your ...

  • Page 4: Table of Contents

    Table of contents general information .......................... 1 identification numbers record .......... 1 outboard motor serial number .......... 1 key number....................................... 1 ec label........................................... 1 important labels.............................

  • Page 5: Table of Contents

    Table of contents engine ............................................. 23 operation after long period of storage.......................................... 23 filling fuel and engine oil............... 24 filling fuel for portable tank ............. 24 filling oil for manual starter model ..............

  • Page 6: General Information

    1 general information emu25170 identification numbers record emu25183 outboard motor serial number the outboard motor serial number is stamped on the label attached to the port side of the clamp bracket. Record your outboard motor serial number in the spaces provided to assist you in ordering spare ...

  • Page 7: General Information

    General information 2 emu25382 important labels emu25395 warning labels emu25401 label warning ewm01260 ● be sure shift control is in neutral before starting engine. (except 2hp) ● do not touch or remove electrical parts when starting or during operation. ● keep hands, hair, and clothes away from fl...

  • Page 8: Safety Information

    3 safety information emu33620 safety information observe these precautions at all times. Emu33630 rotating parts hands, feet, hair, jewelry, clothing, pfd straps, etc. Can become entangled with inter- nal rotating parts of the engine, resulting in serious injury or death. Keep the top cowling in pla...

  • Page 9: Safety Information

    Safety information 4 emu33740 boating safety this section includes a few of the many im- portant safety precautions that you should follow when boating. Emu33710 alcohol and drugs never operate after drinking alcohol or tak- ing drugs. Intoxication is one of the most common factors contributing to b...

  • Page 10: Safety Information

    Safety information 5 emu33790 weather stay informed about the weather. Check weather forecasts before boating. Avoid boating in hazardous weather. Emu33880 passenger training make sure at least one other passenger is trained to operate the boat in the event of an emergency. Emu33890 boating safety p...

  • Page 11: Basic Requirements

    6 basic requirements emu25540 fueling instructions warning ewm00010 gasoline and its vapors are high- ly flammable and explosive! ● do not smoke when refueling, and keep away from sparks, flames, or other sources of ignition. ● stop engine before refueling. ● refuel in a well-ventilated area. Refuel...

  • Page 12: Basic Requirements

    Basic requirements 7 tor could result in hazardous condi- tions such as poor handling, loss of control, or fire hazards. ● because the motor is very heavy, spe- cial equipment and training is required to mount it safely. Emu33580 remote control requirements the remote control unit must be equipped w...

  • Page 13: Basic Requirements

    Basic requirements 8 your yamaha dealer can help you select the right propeller for your boating needs. Select a propeller that will allow the engine to reach the middle or upper half of the operating range at full throttle with the maximum boat- load. Generally, chose a larger pitch propel- ler for...

  • Page 14: Basic Components

    9 basic components emu2579b main components note: * may not be exactly as shown; also may not be included as standard equipment on all mod- els. 20d, 25n emu25802 fuel tank if your model was equipped with a portable 5 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 6 7 8 9 9 10 18 19 16 17 14 13 11 12 15 21 20 zmu04829 1. Manual sta...

  • Page 15: Basic Components

    Basic components 10 fuel tank, its function is as follows. Warning ewm00020 the fuel tank supplied with this engine is its dedicated fuel reservoir and must not be used as a fuel storage container. Com- mercial users should conform to relevant licensing or approval authority regula- tions. Emu25830 ...

  • Page 16: Basic Components

    Basic components 11 emu26201 neutral interlock trigger to shift out of neutral, first pull the neutral in- terlock trigger up. Emu26211 neutral throttle lever to open the throttle without shifting into ei- ther forward or reverse, put the remote con- trol lever in the neutral position and lift the n...

  • Page 17: Basic Components

    Basic components 12 emu25922 gear shift lever pulling the gear shift lever towards you puts the engine in forward gear so that the boat moves ahead. Pushing the lever away from you puts the engine in reverse gear so that the boat moves astern. Emu25941 throttle grip the throttle grip is on the tille...

  • Page 18: Basic Components

    Basic components 13 there is too much resistance, it could be difficult to move the remote control lever or throttle grip, which could result in an accident. When constant speed is desired, tighten the adjuster to maintain the desired throttle set- ting. Emu25991 engine shut-off switch the clip must...

  • Page 19: Basic Components

    Basic components 14 emu26001 engine stop button to open the ignition circuit and stop the en- gine, push this button. Emu26011 choke knob for pull type to supply the engine with the rich fuel mix- ture required to start, pull out this knob. Emu26070 manual starter handle to start the engine, first g...

  • Page 20: Basic Components

    Basic components 15 set according to operator preference. An ad- justing screw or bolt is located on the swivel bracket. To increase resistance, turn the adjuster clockwise. To decrease resistance, turn the adjuster counterclockwise. Warning ewm00040 do not overtighten the friction adjuster. If ther...

  • Page 21: Basic Components

    Basic components 16 emu26280 shallow water lever pushing this lever down will tilt the motor up partially to provide more clearance when op- erating in shallow water. Emu30530 tilt lock mechanism the tilt lock mechanism is used to prevent the outboard motor from lifting out of the wa- ter when in re...

  • Page 22: Basic Components

    Basic components 17 emu26410 2-pin connector ac 12 v-40/60/80w power is delivered through this connector. When using it, keep in mind the following points: ● use a genuine yamaha connector. ● use lighting equipment only. ● connect lighting equipment directly to the 2-pin connector. ● capacity of the...

  • Page 23: Basic Components

    Basic components 18 ● the buzzer will sound (if equipped on the tiller handle, remote control box, or main switch panel). If the warning system has activated, stop the engine and check the cooling water inlet for clogging. Emu26847 oil level warning and oil filter clogging warning oil injection mode...

  • Page 24: Basic Components

    Basic components 19 1. Oil filter 1 zmu03707.

  • Page 25: Operation

    20 operation emu26902 installation the information presented in this section is intended as reference only. It is not possible to provide complete instructions for every possible boat and motor combination. Prop- er mounting depends in part on experience and the specific boat and motor combination. ...

  • Page 26: Operation

    Operation 21 caution: ecm01630 ● during water testing, check the buoy- ancy of the boat, at rest, with its maxi- mum load. Check that the static water level on the exhaust housing is low enough to prevent water entry into the power head when water rises due to waves when the outboard is not run- nin...

  • Page 27: Operation

    Operation 22 if it accidentally falls off the transom. 3. Secure the clamp bracket to the transom using the bolts provided with the out- board (if packed). For details, consult your yamaha dealer. Warning ewm00650 avoid using bolts, nuts or washers other than those contained in the engine pack- agin...

  • Page 28: Operation

    Operation 23 ing boat, accelerate at full throttle onto plane, then immediately reduce the throttle to 3000 r/min or less. 3. Next two hours: accelerate at full throttle onto plane, then reduce engine speed to three-quar- ter throttle (approximately 4000 r/min). Vary engine speed occasionally. Run a...

  • Page 29: Operation

    Operation 24 lows: 1. Use a 50:1 gasoline to oil mixture to start the engine. 2. Start the engine. Leave it idling. Warning ewm01330 ● do not touch or remove electrical parts when starting or during operation. ● keep hands, hair, and clothes away from the flywheel and other rotating parts while the ...

  • Page 30: Operation

    Operation 25 1. Remove the top cowling. 2. Open the oil tank filler cap by pulling the tab. 3. Slowly fill the engine oil into the engine oil tank. 4. After filling, replace the cap securely. 1. Engine oil tank 2. Oil tank filler cap 1 2 zmu03711.

  • Page 31: Operation

    Operation 26 emu27321 oil level indicator operation the various functions of the oil level system are as follows: emu27333 emu27450 operating engine emu27463 feeding fuel (portable tank) warning ewm00420 ● before starting the engine, make sure that the boat is tightly moored and that you can steer c...

  • Page 32: Operation

    Operation 27 3. If a steering friction adjuster is provided on your outboard motor, securely attach the fuel line to the fuel line clamp. Note: during engine operation place the tank hori- zontally, otherwise fuel cannot be drawn from the fuel tank. 4. Squeeze the primer pump, with the ar- row point...

  • Page 33: Operation

    Operation 28 or leg. Then install the clip on the other end of the cord into the engine shut-off switch. Warning ewm00121 ● attach the engine shut-off cord to a se- cure place on your clothing, or your arm or leg while operating. ● do not attach the cord to clothing that could tear loose. Do not rou...

  • Page 34: Operation

    Operation 29 note: ● when the engine is cold, it needs to be warmed up. For further information, see page 32. ● if the engine does not start on the first try, repeat the procedure. If the engine fails to start after 4 or 5 tries, open the throttle a small amount (between 1/8 and 1/4) and try again. ...

  • Page 35: Operation

    Operation 30 note: ● as a starting point, lift the lever just until you feel resistance, then lift slightly more. ● the neutral throttle lever can only be used when the remote control lever is in neutral. 4. Pull out / turn the choke knob fully. After the engine starts, replace / return the knob to ...

  • Page 36: Operation

    Operation 31 the engine from starting except when in neu- tral. 2. Attach the engine shut-off cord to a se- cure place on your clothing, or your arm or leg. Then install the clip on the other end of the cord into the engine shut-off switch. Warning ewm00121 ● attach the engine shut-off cord to a se-...

  • Page 37: Operation

    Operation 32 pressed in. Note: ● it is not necessary to use the choke when starting a warm engine. ● push in the main switch fully, or the remote choke system will not operate. 6. Turn the main switch to “ ” (start), and hold it for a maximum of 5 seconds. 7. Immediately after the engine starts, re-...

  • Page 38: Operation

    Operation 33 emu34560 shifting warning ewm00180 before shifting, make sure there are no swimmers or obstacles in the water near you. Caution: ecm01610 warm up the engine before shifting into gear. Until the engine is warm, the idle speed may be higher than normal. High idle speed can prevent you fro...

  • Page 39: Operation

    Operation 34 2. After the engine is at idle speed in gear move the remote control lever / gear shift lever firmly and crisply into the neu- tral position. Emu31742 stopping boat warning ewm01510 ● do not use the reverse function to slow down or stop the boat as it could cause you to lose control, be...

  • Page 40: Operation

    Operation 35 2. After stopping the engine, disconnect the fuel line if there is a fuel joint on the outboard motor. 3. Tighten the air vent screw on the fuel tank cap (if equipped). 4. Remove the key if the boat will be left unattended. Note: the engine can also be stopped by pulling the cord and re...

  • Page 41: Operation

    Operation 36 emu27872 adjusting trim angle for manual tilt models there are 4 or 5 holes provided in the clamp bracket to adjust the outboard motor trim an- gle. 1. Stop the engine. 2. Tilt the outboard motor up, and then re- move the trim rod from the clamp brack- et. 3. Reposition the rod in the d...

  • Page 42: Operation

    Operation 37 the boat is up about 3 to 5 degrees. With the bow up, the boat may have a greater tenden- cy to steer to one side or the other. Compen- sate for this as you steer. The trim tab can also be adjusted to help offset this effect. When the bow of the boat is down, it is easier to accelerate ...

  • Page 43: Operation

    Operation 38 the engine will be tilted for more than a few minutes. Otherwise fuel may leak. Caution: ecm00241 ● before tilting the outboard motor, stop the engine by following the procedure on page 34. Never tilt the outboard mo- tor while the engine is running. Severe damage from overheating can r...

  • Page 44: Operation

    Operation 39 2. Slightly tilt the engine up until the tilt sup- port bar is automatically released. 3. Slowly tilt the engine down. Emu28060 cruising in shallow water the outboard motor can be tilted up partially to allow operation in shallow water. Emu28071 cruising in shallow water (manual tilt mo...

  • Page 45: Operation

    Operation 40 2. Push the tilt lock lever down to release it. 3. Pull up the shallow water lever. 4. Slightly tilt the outboard motor up. The tilt support bar will lock automatically, supporting the outboard motor in a par- tially raised position. Note: this outboard motor has 2 positions for shal- l...

  • Page 46: Operation

    Operation 41 use the outboard motor in water with a lot of sediment in it, such as muddy or other turbid (cloudy) water. Cruising in acidic water water in some areas can be acidic. After op- erating in such water, flush the cooling pas- sages with fresh water to prevent corrosion. Also rinse the out...

  • Page 47: Maintenance

    42 maintenance emu31480 specifications note: “(al)” stated in the specification data below represents the numerical value for the alumi- num propeller installed. Likewise, “(sus)” represents the value for stainless steel propeller installed and “(pl)” for plastic propeller installed. Emu28219 dimens...

  • Page 48: Maintenance

    Maintenance 43 forward-neutral-reverse gear ratio: 2.08 (27/13) trim and tilt system: manual tilt propeller mark: f fuel and oil: recommended fuel: regular unleaded gasoline min. Research octane: 90 fuel tank capacity: 25 l (6.60 us gal) (5.50 imp.Gal) recommended engine oil: yamalube 2-stroke outbo...

  • Page 49: Maintenance

    Maintenance 44 emu28235 clamp screw mounting models when transporting or storing the outboard motor while removed from a boat, keep the outboard motor in the attitude shown. Note: place a towel or something similar under the outboard motor to protect it from damage. Emu30272 storing outboard motor w...

  • Page 50: Maintenance

    Maintenance 45 caution: ecm00290 if the fresh water level is below the level of the anti-cavitation plate, or if the water supply is insufficient, engine seizure may occur. 5. Cooling system flushing is essential to prevent the cooling system from clog- ging up with salt, sand, or dirt. In addi- tio...

  • Page 51: Maintenance

    Maintenance 46 yamaha dealer for information about fogging oil and procedures for your engine. Emu28431 battery care warning ewm00330 battery electrolytic fluid is dangerous; it contains sulfuric acid and therefore is poisonous and highly caustic. Always follow these preventive mea- sures: ● avoid b...

  • Page 52: Maintenance

    Maintenance 47 able from your yamaha dealer. Emu28478 periodic maintenance warning ewm01071 be sure to turn off the engine when you perform maintenance unless otherwise specified. If you are not familiar with ma- chine servicing, this work should be done by your yamaha dealer or other qualified mech...

  • Page 53: Maintenance

    Maintenance 48 emu28522 maintenance chart frequency of maintenance operations may be adjusted according to the operating condi- tions, but the following table gives general guidelines. Refer to the sections in this chapter for explanations of each owner-specific action. Note: when operating in salt ...

  • Page 54: Maintenance

    Maintenance 49 spark plug(s) cleaning / adjustment / replacement item actions initial every 10 hours (1 month) 50 hours (3 months) 100 hours (6 months) 200 hours (1 year).

  • Page 55: Maintenance

    Maintenance 50 emu28941 greasing yamaha grease a (water resistant grease) yamaha grease d (corrosion resistant grease; for propeller shaft) 20d, 25n emu28953 cleaning and adjusting spark plug warning ewm00560 when removing or installing a spark plug, be careful not to damage the insulator. A damaged...

  • Page 56: Maintenance

    Maintenance 51 fire. Warning ewm01550 the engine will still be very hot when it has just been turned off. Take extremely care so that neither you nor anyone else gets burnt. To avoid burns, work on the engine when it has cooled down. The spark plug is an important engine com- ponent and is easy to i...

  • Page 57: Maintenance

    Maintenance 52 sources of ignition. Warning ewm00910 leaking fuel can result in fire or explo- sion. ● check for fuel leakage regularly. ● if any fuel leakage is found, the fuel system must be repaired by a qualified mechanic. Improper repairs can make the outboard unsafe to operate. Check the fuel ...

  • Page 58: Maintenance

    Maintenance 53 4. Reinstall the filter element in the cup. Make sure the o-ring is in position in the cup. Firmly screw the cup onto the filter housing. 5. Attach the filter assembly to the bracket so that the fuel hoses are attached to the filter assembly. 6. Run the engine and check the filter and...

  • Page 59: Maintenance

    Maintenance 54 curely. Emu29120 exhaust leakage start the engine and check that no exhaust leaks from the joints between the exhaust cover, cylinder head, and body cylinder. Emu29130 water leakage start the engine and check that no water leaks from the joints between the exhaust cover, cylinder head...

  • Page 60: Maintenance

    Maintenance 55 age. Emu30661 removing propeller emu29195 spline models 1. Straighten the cotter pin and pull it out using a pair of pliers. 2. Remove the propeller nut, washer, and spacer (if equipped). 3. Remove the propeller and thrust wash- er. Emu30671 installing propeller emu29231 spline models...

  • Page 61: Maintenance

    Maintenance 56 1. Tilt the outboard motor so that the gear oil drain screw is at the lowest point pos- sible. 2. Place a suitable container under the gear case. 3. Remove the gear oil drain screw and gasket. Note: ● if a magnetic gear oil drain screw is equipped, remove all metal particles from the ...

  • Page 62: Maintenance

    Maintenance 57 an area with good ventilation. ● wipe up any spilled fuel immediately. ● reassemble the fuel tank carefully. Im- proper assembly can result in a fuel leak, which could result in a fire or ex- plosion hazard. ● dispose of old gasoline according to lo- cal regulations. 1. Empty the fuel...

  • Page 63: Maintenance

    Maintenance 58 and get immediate medical attention. Antidote (internal): ● drink large quantities of water or milk followed by milk of magnesia, beaten egg, or vegetable oil. Get immediate medical attention. Batteries also generate explosive hydro- gen gas; therefore, you should always follow these ...

  • Page 64: Maintenance

    Maintenance 59 when installing the battery and discon- nect the black battery cable first when removing it. ● the electrical contacts of the battery and cables must be clean and properly connected, or the battery will not start the engine. Connect the red battery cable to the posi- tive (+) terminal...

  • Page 65: Trouble Recovery

    60 trouble recovery emu29425 troubleshooting a problem in the fuel, compression, or igni- tion systems can cause poor starting, loss of power, or other problems. This section de- scribes basic checks and possible remedies, and covers all yamaha outboard motors. Therefore some items may not apply to ...

  • Page 66: Trouble Recovery

    Trouble recovery 61 a. Check for pinched or kinked fuel line or other obstructions in fuel system. Q. Is fuel contaminated or stale? A. Fill tank with clean, fresh fuel. Q. Is fuel filter clogged? A. Clean or replace filter. Q. Have ignition parts failed? A. Have serviced by a yamaha dealer. Q. Has ...

  • Page 67: Trouble Recovery

    Trouble recovery 62 q. Is load on boat improperly distributed? A. Distribute load to place boat on an even plane. Q. Is water pump or thermostat faulty? A. Have serviced by a yamaha dealer. Q. Is there excess water in fuel filter cup? A. Drain filter cup. Engine power loss. Q. Is propeller damaged? ...

  • Page 68: Trouble Recovery

    Trouble recovery 63 q. Is fuel joint connection incorrect? A. Connect correctly. Q. Is heat range of spark plug incorrect? A. Inspect spark plug and replace it with rec- ommended type. Q. Is high pressure fuel pump drive belt bro- ken? A. Have serviced by a yamaha dealer. Q. Is engine not responding...

  • Page 69: Trouble Recovery

    Trouble recovery 64 note: consult your yamaha dealer if the new fuse immediately blows again. Emu29532 starter will not operate if the starter mechanism does not operate (the engine cannot be cranked with the start- er), the engine can be started with an emer- gency starter rope. Warning ewm01021 ● ...

  • Page 70: Trouble Recovery

    Trouble recovery 65 3. Remove the starter/flywheel cover after removing the bolt(s). 4. Prepare the engine for starting. For fur- ther information, see page 27. Be sure the engine is in neutral and that the clip is attached to the engine shut-off switch. The main switch must be “ ” (on), if equipped...

  • Page 71: Trouble Recovery

    Trouble recovery 66 and start the engine. Repeat if neces- sary. Emu29760 treatment of submerged motor if the outboard motor is submerged, immedi- ately take it to a yamaha dealer. Otherwise some corrosion may begin almost immedi- ately. If you cannot immediately take the outboard motor to a yamaha ...

  • Page 72

    Yamaha motor co., ltd. Printed on recycled paper printed in japan april 2007–0.2 × 1 !.