D-Link DES-3326 User Manual - page 83
DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
Switch Management and Operating Concepts
69
Note that in the third value of the third IP address, ‘0’ is
represented in binary form as ‘00000000’ and that the forth value,
‘1’ is represented in binary form as ‘00000001’.
Eight bit numbers are called a ‘byte’ or an ‘octet’. An octet can
represent any decimal value between ‘0’ (00000000) and ‘255’
(11111111). IP address values represented in decimal form have
four numbers ranging in value from ‘0’ to ‘255’. The maximum
range an IP address can have is then:
Lowest possible IP address -
0.0.0.0
Highest possible IP address -
255.255.255.255
This would allow a maximum of 4,228,250,624 individual IP
addresses to be assigned. This number is substantially reduced in
practice, however because many of these addresses are reserved.
The following chart can be used to convert octets in binary to
decimal:
Binary Octet Digit
2
7
2
6
2
5
2
4
2
3
2
2
2
1
2
0
Decimal
Equivalent
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Binary Number
128+64+32+16+8+4+2+1=
255
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Table 5-6. Binary to Decimal Conversion
Each bit in an 8-bit binary number (an octet) represents a power of
two. The left-most bit represents 2 raised to the 7
th
power
(2x2x2x2x2x2x2=128), while the right-most digit represents 2
raised to the 0
th
power, which equals 1 (any number raised to the
0
th
power equals one, by definition).
IP addresses consist of two parts, one that identifies the network,
and one that identifies the destination within the network. In a
‘classed’ addressing scheme, the class of the IP address determines